电子与通信技术专业英语Unit 2 lesson 9

1、PART1 Virtual instruments are computer programs that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and implement functions of real or imaginary instruments. The sensor is usually a simple hardware that acquires data from the object, transforms it into electric signals and transmits to the com

2、puter for further processing (as shown in Fig.9-1). Simple virtual measuring instruments just acquire and analyses data, but more complex virtual instruments communicate with objects in both directions. Real world signals are of analogue nature, while a computer is a digital instrument; therefore th

3、e computer needs also interpreters analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue converters for communication with the object. ADC and DAC boards that implement this function in inexpensive systems are usually placed inside the computer. Compact external ADC/DAC converters with USB interface are also

4、becoming popular.Lesson 9 Virtual InstrumentsTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART2Lesson 9 Virtual Instruments LabVIEW is a graphical programming language from National Instruments. LabVIEW programs are called virtual instruments often abbreviated to VIs. Each virtual instrument has

5、two components, a block diagram and a front panel. Controls and indicators on the front panel allow an operator to input data into or extract data from an already running virtual instrument. In terms of performance, LabVIEW includes an actual compiler that produces native code for the CPU platform,

6、so the graphical code is compiled, rather than interpreted. One of the main benefits of LabVIEW is that people with little or no previous programming experience are able to access hardware input / output more rapidly and through a hardware abstraction system. This abstraction allows isolation betwee

7、n hardware implementation and software solution. A technique which without National Instruments software driver interface would be extremely time consuming.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART3Lesson 9 Virtual InstrumentsTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary Another virtual

8、 instrumentation component is modular I/O, designed to be rapidly combined in any order or quantity to ensure that virtual instrumentation can both monitor and control any development aspect. Using well-designed software drivers for modular I/O, engineers and scientists quickly can access functions

9、during concurrent operation. The third virtual instrumentation element using commercial platforms, often enhanced with accurate synchronization ensures that virtual instrumentation takes advantage of the very latest computer capabilities and data transfer technologies. This element deliversFig.9-1 V

10、irtual InstrumentExercisesPART4Lesson 9 Virtual Instrumentsvirtual instrumentation on a long-term technology base that scales with the high investments made in processors, buses, and more. Virtual instrumentation systems frequently use Ethernet for remote test system control, distributed I/O, and en

11、terprise data sharing. Ethernet provides a low-cost, moderate-throughput method for exchanging data and control commands over distances. However, due to its packet-based architecture, Ethernet is not deterministic and has relatively high latency. For some applications, such as instrumentation system

12、s, the lack of determinism and high latency make Ethernet a poor choice for integrating adjacent I/O modules. These situations are better served with a dedicated bus such as PXI, VXI, or GPIB（as shown in Fig.9-2）.TextNew wordNotesTranslationVocabulary Fig.9-2 Virtual instrumentation systems are serv

13、ed with a dedicated busPART5New words and phrases:virtual v:tul adj. 虚拟的hardware h:dw n. 计算机硬件transform trnsf:m v. 改变；改观；变换transmit trnzmit v. 传输；传送；发送interpreter int:prit n. 解释者；翻译器converter knv:t n. 变换器；换流器，变压器，变频器implementation ,implimentein n. 成就；贯彻；安装启用modular mdjul adj. 模块化的TextNew wordNotesEx

14、ercisesTranslationVocabulary PART6New words and phrases:monitor mnit n. 显示屏，屏幕；显示器；监测仪 vt. 监视synchronization ,sikrnaizein n. 同一时刻；同步bus bs n. 总线Ethernet i:,net n. 以太网latency leitnsi n. 潜伏；潜在因素integrate intireit v. 使一体化；使集成instrumentation ,instrumentein n.仪器TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabu

15、lary PART7Phrases and ExpressionsADC（analogue-to-digital converter）模数转换器DAC（digital-to-analogue converter）数模转换器USB interfaceUSB接口CPU（Central Processing Unit）中央处理单元scale with 与成比例New words and phrases:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART8Notes:1.Virtual instruments are computer progra

16、ms that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and implement functions of real or imaginary instruments. 译文：虚拟仪器是通过传感器与真实世界物体进行交互并完成真实或虚拟仪器功能的计算机程序。real world objects：真实世界物体，现实世界中的物体。2.Real world signals are of analogue nature, while a computer is a digital instrument. 译文：现实世界的信号是模拟信号，

17、而计算机是数字仪器。real world signals：现实世界的信号3.therefore the computer needs also interpreters analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue converters for communication with the object.译文：因此计算机与对象进行通信时需要进行转译模数转换和数模转换，与被测对象进行通信。analogue-to-digital：模拟-数字，从模拟到数字digital-to-analogue converter：数字-模拟转换器TextNew wordNo

18、tesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART94.LabVIEW is a graphical programming language from National Instruments. LabVIEW programs are called virtual instruments often abbreviated to VIs.译文：LabVIEW是NI公司的图形化编程语言。通常把LabVIEW程序也称为虚拟仪器，缩写为VIs。LabVIEW：美国国家仪器公司（National Instruments NI）1986年推出的图形化系统设计软件，现今，数以

19、百万的工程师和科学家可以使用LabVIEW来构建他们的测试、测量与控制系统。Vis：virtual instrument虚拟仪器技术就是利用高性能的模块化硬件，结合高效灵活的软件来完成各种测试、测量和自动化的应用。5.Another virtual instrumentation component is modular I/O.译文：另一个虚拟仪器组件是模块化的I / O。I/O：input/output的缩写，即输入输出端口。Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART106.These situations are

20、better served with a dedicated bus such as PXI, VXI, or GPIB.译文：这种情况下最好选择专用总线，如PXI、VXI或GPIB。PXI：(PCI Extensions for Instrumentation，面向仪器系统的PCI扩展) 一种坚固的基于PC的测量和自动化平台。VXI：Cisco Virtualization Experience Infrastructure虚拟化体验基础架构GPIB：General Purpose Interface Bus通用接口总线Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTran

21、slationVocabulary PART11Exercises:1. Write T(True) or F(False) beside the following statements about the text.a. The sensor is usually a simple software that acquires data from the object, transforms it into electric signals and transmits to the computer for further processing.b. Real world signals

22、are of digital nature, while a computer is a analogue instrument.c. ADC and DAC boards that implement this function in expensive systems are usually placed inside the computer.d. LabVIEW is a graphical programming language from National Instruments.e. Controls and indicators on the front panel allow

23、 an operator to input data into or extract data from an already running virtual instrument. 2. Fill in the missing words according to the text.a. Virtual instruments are computer programs that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and implement functions of .b. LabVIEW programs are ca

24、lled often abbreviated to VIs.c. This abstraction allows isolation between and .TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART12Exercises:d. Ethernet provides , method for exchanging data and control commands over distances.e. This element delivers on a long-term technology base that scales wi

25、th the high investments made in , , and more.3. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.a. Simple virtual measuring instruments just acquire and analyses data, but more complex virtual instruments communicate with objects in both directions.b. In terms of performance, LabVIEW includes an actu

26、al compiler that produces native code for the CPU platform, so the graphical code is compiled, rather than interpreted.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART13Translation第9课 虚 拟 仪 器 虚拟仪器是通过传感器与真实世界物体进行交互并完成真实或虚拟仪器功能的计算机程序。传感器通常是一个简单的硬件，它从实物获取数据，将其转换成电子信号并传输到计算机作进一步处理（如图9-1所示）。简单的虚拟测量仪器只是获取和分析数据，但更复杂的虚拟仪器能与物体进行双向通信。 现实世界的信号是模拟性质的，而计算机是数字仪器