高二英语学生暑假自主学习讲义八

1、高二英语学生暑假学义（八）【基础知识训练】一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示用本单元单词的适当形式填空。1.Contrary（与相反）to what Id be ved,sport is not atlsus who we are but aContrary to what Id be ved On the contraryt shows what otheople think of us.2.The fire spread so quickly survivors without hesi hesi et the firefighters rushedion （犹豫）.o the house to

2、 rescue thesible3.There was a terrible explo慌）at the sound of the explointon on April 16th. People there panicked （恐.4.She wore so much jewellery（珠宝） t she seemed to be covered in gold. Jewel 可数名词， 珠宝Jewellery 珠宝，不可数5.While the rest of the passengers were getting out, sheglanced（扫视）at the fa her. Th

3、e tall man was nowhere to be seen.Glance at Glare at Stare ataround6.When the driver came to a crossroadswhich way to go., he stopped his car because he didnt knowCome to a crossroads 到达路口7.I am very g ratefulto my doctor. I be near future.Be grateful to sb for sthve Ill fully recover the use of my

4、handhe8.With the midterm examination approachingApproach: 接近, the students are working harder and harder.方法 approach to sth/ng sth9.Many v oteers are attracted to working with children or adults with spelneeds because of the satisfaction it gives them, though theyt get any pay.10. Although Mr. Hart

5、has trained his daughter for years,a_nxiouslyas she swims to England for thetomorrow he will be watching her time.二、用适当的连接词填空1. The how-to book can be of help to whoeverwants to do the job.Whoever=anyho2.Parents are taught to understand howimportant education is to their childrens future对比： Students

6、 have learned what difficult problems they will face3.We should respect food and think about the people who here and treat food nicely.t have whatwe have4.It never occurred to me mind.t you could succeed in persuading him to change hisIt occurred to me突然想到5.It doesnt matter whetheryou turn right or

7、lef the park.the crossing -both roads lead to三、句型转换1.My sisters taste in dresses is comple y different fromt of my own.My sisters taste in dresses is contrary tomy own.2.To reduce the risk of a shark attack, you should follow these suggestions.Your chan of being attackedby a shark can be reducedif y

8、ou follow these suggestions.3.It issiblet a girl shares her feelings with her close friends more easilyn a boy.A boy isless _likelyto share his feeling with his close friends girl.Sb be likely to don aIt is likely / probable/siblet .4.We findt it is important to learn a foreign language well.We find

9、it importantto learn a foreign language well.5.This university is a corporate body made up of several colleges.This university is a corporate bodyconsisting ofseveral colleges.=body which consists of= body which is made up of = body made up of四、句子翻译1与认为的相反，大多数动物实际上是怕人的。（country to）Country to what we

10、 ame, most animals are in fact afraid of human beings.2把管栓在熊脖子上，科学家又把它放回了自然。（attachto）Attaching the plastic pipe to the neck of the bear, the scientists let it get back to nature.3一个把当成了一位著名的演员，要跟他照相。（mistakefor）A girl mistook Tom for a well-known actor and asked him to take photos with her.4母亲很善良，她

11、经常帮助那些无家可归的人。（reach out to sb）My mother is very kind and often reaches out to the homeless.5当心台阶！由于有冰，它很滑。（watch out for）Watch out for the step! It is very icy because of ice.【综合能力】一、单项填空 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1. I was riding along the street and all of sudden, car cut in and knocked

12、 me down.A. 不填；theAll of a sudden 突然B. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a2. BEIJINGChina on Saturday itsNational Memorial Day for Nanjing MassacreVictims, and the live reporting service gained worldwide media attention.A. observedB. honourC. investigateD. classifyclassify 分类Observe 庆祝，遵守，观察 honour 尊敬 investigate

13、23. Theernment has decided erest.t the publication of the report would be to the publicA. countryB. contractC. contraryD. contradictionBe contrary to 与。相反 contract 合同 contradiction4. The traditional to dealing with complex problems is to break them downo smaller, moreeasily manageA. applicationAppro

14、ach toes.B. referenceB. reference 参考C. approachA.application 申请的名词D.roductionng sth5. It is commonly be vedt using the mobile phone is contagiou（s 有传染性的）people aretwice as to pull out their phones to check their text messages ors when staying withsomeones just sibe the same. because; probablyA.hat;h

15、at 因为C. exceptt; likelyD.hat; likelysb be likely to do6. Unlike watchinreading is a highly active pros（过程）it requires attention as well asmemory and imagination.A. untilB. b. unlessD. for以及想象不像看电视，阅读是一个高度活跃的过程，因为它需要关注和For 因为unless 如果不7. The house rent is increasing sharply nowadays. Ive got aboulf t

16、he space I had five years agobut Iaying now.A. as five times much倍数+ asasB. as much five timesC. much as five timesD. five times as much倍数+倍数+ the +n + ofnFive times as much as the money paid8. Nowadays, go out to meet people in, there seems to be a growing tendency tosolize with others via electron

17、ic devihe home.C. ratherA. othernB. lessnnD. moren似乎有上升趋势越来越多的人在家通过电子设备与其他人交流而不是亲自出去与人见面Rathern 而不是 othern 除了9. -What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?-It think this jacket you andt your hat this jacket perfectly.A. suits; fitsB. meets; fitsC. matches; suitsD. fits; matchesFit 适合指

18、的是大小上，帽子和夹克匹配用match10. The Beijing World University Games drew 7,000 athletes from 166 delegations and the record of 6,009 participants held in Palma, Spain, in 1999.A. defeatB. hitC. beatD. strikeA. defeat= beat 打败 但是beat the record 还有打破hit 打击strike，11. The story deals with ies of politics, love an

19、d family. This is probably why people find it so easy to the characters in it.A. pick outPick out 挑选出B. turn down turn downC. identify withD. combine withidentify with 识别 和.有同感 combine with 结合12. -How is everything going?- . I got promoted and bought a new car.A. Cant complainB. Couldnt be betterC.

20、Sick of itD. Give me a breakB.再好不过A.没什么抱怨的C. sick of 厌倦了13. It was about half past midnight he arrived, after visiting other pla, but dozens ofjournalists were still waitinghe cold.A.tB. beforeC. untilD. whenIt be +时间点+whenIt was/will be +时间段+beforeIs been / is +时间段+since14. -Are you OK? I wonder ma

21、kes you so upset.-Oh, nothing serious.A. what is it It is ttB. it ist whatC. what it istD. it is whattIt is sth What is itt makes you so upsett makes you so upsetI wonder what it ist makes you so upset15. -t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.- ! Illl Dad theres nothing serious.A. What

22、a re fB. CongratulationsC. How surprisingD. Im so sorryA. what a re f 多么宽慰啊B.祝贺C.多么令人惊讶D. 我很抱歉二、完形填空 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I take the firmitiont parentsot owe their children a college education. If they can1it, they will certainly send them to the best universities. But they need n

23、ot feel 2 if they cant. If the children really want to go, theyll find a 3 . There are plenty of loans and scholarships for the bright and 4 ones who cant afford to pay.When children grow up and want to5, their parentsot owe them a down payment on ahouse. Theyove the6to baby-sit their grandchildren.

24、 If they want tot, it must beconsidered a7not an obligation（责任,义务）.Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe them a great deal.One of their obligations is to give their children aal8. A child who is constantlymade to feel stuand unworthy, constantly9to brighter brothers, sisters, or cous

25、ins wille so10, so afraid oilingt he （or she） wont try at all. Of course they should be11corrected when they do wrong, but its often better to let children learn their mistakes bythemselves12. All our parents shoulds to trust them, respect them, tolerate them and givethem chanto try and fail. They m

26、ust learn to stand13. When criticisms are really needed,they should be14with praises, wisand a kiss.t is the way children learn.Parents owe their children a set of solid values around15to build their lives. This meansteaching them to16the rights and opinions of others; it means being respectful to e

27、lders, toteachers, and to the law. The best way to teach such values is by deed and17. A child who is d to will18. A child who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have difficultylaughing and loving.No child asks to be19. If you bring a lifeo the world, you owe the child20.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9

28、.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.A. findA. disappoA. supplyA. healthyA. get a jobA. timeA. serviceA. a irA. comparedA. unusualA. gentlyB. affordB. unhappyB. hopeB. honestB. get marriedB. dutyB. pleasureB. valueB. broughtB. unsureB. properlyB. now and thenB. failureB. includedB. whichB. refuseB. exp

29、erienceB. winB. bornB. nothingC. getC. guiltyC. wayC. eagerC. go abroadC. rightC. habitC. be fC. forcedC. unknownC. nearlyC. at onceC. progressC. balancedC. whomC. followC. exleC. loseC. aloneC. anythingD. acceptD. dissatisfiedD. handD. wealthyD. live aloneD. energyD. favorD. abilityD. takenD. unfai

30、redD.siblyA.imeD. right nowD. testD. sharedD. whatD. respectD. lessonD. cryD. poorD. somethingA. honorA. mixedA. itA. considerA. blame A.A. praisedA. everything本文主要讲述了父母并不亏欠孩子们任何事情，但是如果把一个小生命带到上来，就有那个责任和义务去指导和教育孩子，并给予他们学校教育。告诉负责，责任和义务。父母应该为孩子的教育具体分析1B 考查动词辨析，A.找到，发现；B .afford 付得起 C.得到；D.接受。如果父母负担得起，

31、当然可以把孩子送去最好的大学。故选B。2C 考查形容词辨析，A 失望的，沮丧的；B 不高兴的；C的，内疚的；D 不满意的。如果他们不能送孩子去最好的学校，他们没有必要感到内疚。故选C。3C 考查名词辨析，A 提供，供给；B 希望；C 方法，方式；D.帮助。他们自会有办法 way。故选 C。4C 考查形容词辨析， C eager 热切的；渴望的；D 有的。对于聪明好学的，渴望学习却付不起学费的人来说，借贷和奖学金的种类还是很多的。故选C。5B 考查短语辨析，A 工作，就业；B 结婚；C 出国；D 独自生活，当孩子长大想结婚时，父母不欠他們一所房子。故选B。6B。名词辨析，A 时间；B 责任；C

32、权利；D 能力，精力，have the duty to do sth.有责任做某事。父母没有给当保姆照看孩子的责任。故选B。7D 考查名词辨析，如果他们想这么做，那也只能看作是一种帮助 favor，而绝不是一种义务。故选D。8B名词辨析，A 事物，B 价值；C 信仰，信念；D 能力，父母的主要责任和任务之一，是让孩子们懂得自身的价值。故选B。9A 考查动词辨析， A compare to 与相比较；B 带來；C 强迫；D 带到。一个青少年，如果总是拿他与比他聪明的兄弟姐妹或同龄的亲戚朋友相比。这里是与别人相比较。故选A。10B 考查形容词辨析，A 不寻常的；B 不确定的；不自信的；C 未知的；

33、D的。上文中提到如果总是与那些比自己聪明的兄弟姐妹相比较，如果总是让他感到自己愚蠢和无用，那他就会变得毫无自信 unsure。故选 B。11B 考查副词辨析，A 轻轻地，温和地；B 适当地，合适地；C 差不多，几乎，亲密地；D 可能地。当他们错误的時候应该适当地改正错误，在合适的时机。故选B。12A 考查介词短语辨析，A 及时；B 偶尔，有时；C 立刻，即刻；D 就是現在，马上；但是经常让孩子自己及时地自己的错误要好得多。故选A。13B 考查名词辨析，A 荣誉；B 失败；C 进步；D 测试，考验。所有父母都應該相信自己的孩子，尊重他們，幷给予机会让他们去尝试并失败，所以他们必须失败 failu

34、re。故选 B。stand 这里的意思是忍受。14C 考查动词辨析，A 混合的；B 包含的；C 平衡并重的；D 共同的。不过，在教育故选C。时，批评应该与表扬并重 balance，而且最好是面带微笑，并吻他一下。15B 考查代词辨析，Parents owe their children a set of solid values around to build their lives. 父母欠孩子一套坚实的价值來建立起他們的生活，这里 which 代指 solid values,故选 B16D 考查动词辨析，A 认为，考虑；B；C 跟随；D 尊重。teach sb to do sth 教别人去

35、做某事。這就意味着要教育他们尊重 respect 别人的权利和意见。故选D。17C 考查名词辨析，A 责备；B 经历，经验；C 例子；D 课程，。The best way to teach such values is by deed and .教这些价值的最佳途径就是通过行为和例子。故选C。18A 考查动词辨析，A 说谎；B 胜利；C 失去；D 哭泣。一个孩子撒谎会说谎。故选 A.19B 考查动词辨析， A 表扬，赞扬；B 出生；C 独自一人，孤独；D 贫穷的。No child asksto be 没有一个孩子是自己要求被生出来 born 的。根据下文中 bring a life the w

36、orld,可知选 B.o20D 考查代词辨析，If you bring a lifeo the world, you owe the child.如果你把生命带到事情。故选D。上来，你就欠着孩子们某些事情。而不应该每件事情或者任何三、阅读理解 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFreezing weather can mean frostbite and hypothermia unlessrson is prepared. Do you knowhow to stay warm, dry and safe in such cold w er?

37、Frostbite is damage t happens when skin is ex批注 l1: 1ed to extreme cold for too long. It mainly批注 l2: 2happens on the hands, feet, nose and ears. People with small cases of frostbitet affect only the skinmay not suffer any lifelong damage. But if deeper tie （组织） is affected,rson is likely to feelpai

38、n every time the area gets cold. If blood ves are damaged, people can suffer an infection ofgangrene（坏疽）. Sometimes, doctors have to remove frostbitten areas like fingers and toes.Hypothermia happens when the body cannot produce as much heat as it releases. The conditioncomes on slowly. Signs of hyp

39、othermia include uncontrollable shaking, very slow breathing and unclear thinking. If not treated properly, Hypothermia can be deadly.A simple way to avoid cold-related injuries is to remember four basic steps. Think of COLDC.O.L.D. The C stands for cover. Wear a hat and a scarf to keep heat from es

40、cathrough the head,neck and ears. And wear mittens（连指手套）instead of gloves. In gloves, the fingers are separated, sothe hands might not stay as warm. The O stands for overexertion（劳累过度）. Avoid activitiestwill make you sweaty. Wet clothes and cold weather are a bad mix. L is for layers. Wearing loose,

41、lightweight clothes, one layer on top of another, is bettern wearing a single heavy layer of clothing.Also, make sure outerwear is made of materialt is water-resistant and tightly knit. Can you guesswhat the D in C.O.L.D. stand for? D is for dry.Pay attention tothe plawhere snow can enter, like the

42、tops of boots, the necks of coats and the wrist areas of mittens.And here are two other things to ken mine for children and the other for adults. Eatingsnow might be fun but it lowers the bodys temperature. And drinking alcohol might make feel warm. But what it really does is weaken the bodys abilit

43、y to hold heat.rson1. The underlined word “hypothermia” in Paragraph 1 means the condition of .A. having a low body temperatureC. breathing with great difficulty2. The second paragraph mainlyls us .A. about the scientific definition of frostbiteC. how frostbite damages our bodiesB. suffering from co

44、ld weatherD. giving off too much heatB. how doctors treat frostbiteD. how frostbite forms3. Which of the following is NOT true about the C.O.L.D. according to the text?A. They are four basic steps to keep warm.B. Gloves cant protect us from cold sometimes.批注 l7: 4批注 l6: 33In other words, stay as dry

45、 assible.批注 l5: 32批注 l4: 31批注 l3: 1C. We should keep ourselves as dry as4. We can learn from the last paragraphA. the author thinks eating snow is safesible.D. They can protect us from injuries comple y.t .B. snow and alcohol may also cause damageD. adults prefer drinking alcohol to eating snowC. dr

46、inking alcohol ceep people warmACDBBThe Secret to Happiness: Speak to Your FatherChildren who regularly talk to their fathers are happier research.n those whoot, according tYoung people who said they talked seriously to their dads “most days” gave themselves an 87 per cent score on a happiness scale

47、 compared with 79 per cent for those who said they hardly ever spoketo their fathershis way.Nearly half of young people （46 per cent） said they “hardly ever” spoke to their fathers about important topics compared with 28 per cent who hardly ever spoke to their mothers about the thingst matter most.O

48、nly 13 per cent confidedheir father “most days”, according to theysis.The study showed t young people talk less to their fathers about important ies as they getolder. The data showed 42 per cent of 11-year-olds did so moren once ak compared with 16%of 15-year-olds.Theysiggested there has been little

49、 change over the years with the same proportion （30 percent）of young people talking to their fathers about something k in 2007-08 as in 2002-03.t mattered to them moren once aThe charity said the findings were “highly significant” as academic research has shownt achilds well-being later in life depe

50、nds on their teenage relationship with their father as well as with their mother.Bob Reitemeier, chief executive of the Childrens Society, said: “This research shows t young peoples happiness is closely linked to how often they speak to their fathers about thingst matter.Yet all too often these days

51、, children areing a nated or live apart from their fathers.”5. According to the research, young people hardly ever spoke to their fathers.A. 79 per centB. 46 per centC. 42 per centD. 28 per cent6. Those who spoke to their fathers most days score on the happiness scale.A. 87 per centB. 79 per centC.

52、46 per centD. 30 per cent7. As young people get older, they .A. talk more to their mothersC. talk more to their fathersB. talk less to their fathersD. talk less to their mothers8. The underlined word “a nated” might mean .A. 抑郁的BABCB. 独立的C. 疏远的D. 亲密的CAs shocking as the idea of baby birds growing up

53、in a cigarette-filled home sounds, a new studysuggestst some birds may benefit from putting the sturom cigarette butts（烟蒂） o their nests.The nicotine remaining in smoked filters（滤嘴）may serve as a natural insecticide（ 杀虫剂）, driving harmful insects away from the nests and the baby birds living within.

54、 Tobacco plants produce nicotinebecause it defends against insectst would otherwise eat the plants.批注 l12: 9批注 l11: 8批注 l10: 7批注 l9: 5批注 l8: 6The butts are undoubtedly smelly. But birds are actually quite fond of smelly chemicals, such as those found in aromatic（芳香的）plants. Some nest-building specie

55、s regularly fill their nests withfresh aromatics,sibly because the chemicals are good for the immune system or the developmentof the chicks.he study, researchers at the Autonomous University of Tlaxcalaexico set up heat traps,which attracrmful insects, in 55 nests around Mexico City. Some traps were

56、 lined with the stuff insmoked cigarette filters. The others were lined with the sturom unsmoked cigarette filters, which did not contain nicotine and other smoking by-products. Whether the nest held eggs, chicks or nothing,the unsmoked cigarette traps collected more harmful insects, suggestingt it

57、is the chemicalstdrove harmful insects away. In a second experiment, the researchers collected 28 house sparrow nests and 29 house finch（ 朱雀 ）nests from Mexico Cit y immedia y after the chicks flew out for food. They foundt the moresmoked filter stuilled a nest, the fewer harmful insects id.The miss

58、ing piece of the puzzle is whether the reduced number of harmful insects in the nests actually provided any benefit to the chicks. It is also unclear if nicotine or another chemical found in cigarettes may have turned the harmful insects out of the nests.If the results hold, then this study is an ex

59、le of wildlife adap ion to Urbanizationor atleast evidencet birds are smart and can still follow their noses in urban environments.9. What may be the function of nicotine in cigarette butts for birds?A. To drive harmful insects away from bird nests.C. To protect the plants from being eaten by insect

60、s.B. To provide building materials for bird nests.D. To attract baby birds to stayhe nests.10. What is theexperiment aimed at?A. Provingt heat traps attracrmful insectsexico City. es.B. Comparing smoked cigarette filters witsmokeC.yzing what is produced from smoked cigarette filters.D. Studying what