春季09-八年级英语培优版-数词专题-教师版

1、第 页第 页基数词和序数词年 &日期&时刻&编号特殊敖字的表示及读法增加减少数词的其他用法年龄注意事项教师姓名学生姓名年级初二上课时间学 科英语课题名称数词专题考纲同注林坦I .数词基数词和序数词基数词序数词基数词序数词备注onefirstthirteenthirteenth基数词变序数词口诀twosecondfourteenfourteenth序数词不难记，threethirdfifteenfifteenth基数词后加上th.fourfourthsixteensixteenth遇到ty结尾词，five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelvefifthsi

2、xth seventh eighth ninthtenth eleventh twelfthseventeen eighteen nineteen twenty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninetyseventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetiethy先变i再加e.8少t, 9少e. 面目全非三二一， ve结尾五/十二。 换成f须仔细。若是碰到几十几， 只将个位改为序。一、/仕思：1）

3、基数词主要表不数量。十位和个位之间须用连字符号，百位数和十位数之间要用and。如：31-thirty-one2）序数词主要表示顺序，前面常用定冠词。注意第一，第二，第三，第五，第八， 第九，第十二等。3）第21-29, 31-91-99的序数词形式，只变个位数，超十位数则用基数词，若是 多位的基数词变为序数词，只需将末位数字变成序数词，前面的数词不变，当序数词用阿拉伯数字表示时，必须在该数字之后加上序数词的最后两个字母。如：第31-thirty-first.4）百以上的序数词表小方法；hundred - hundredth, thousand - thousandth.5）千以上的数字读法：从

4、后面往前每三位数字作为一个单位，用逗号分开。第一个逗号读作thousand第二个，读作million。另外，万用ten thousand,十万用 a hundred thousandbillion国4亿， 英国的十亿是 one thousand million o:年份&日期&时刻&编号的表示法类别说明例词读法年份表示在某年用介词in+数字，读 时每两个数字升-组以区别于 整数。in 1987in 1056in 2000in nineteen eighty-sevenin ten fifty -sixin two thousand月份表示在某月用in+月份，月份的 首字母要大写，其缩写形式为这

5、 个词的前二个字母。in April (Apr.)in March (Mar.)日期其顺序是：月日（年），月年。 有日时用介词on,无日则用in, 在月（日）与年之间用逗号分开。the year 776 BC （公兀前 776 年）on January 16in May, 2010on July 1, 1921on January the sixteenthin May, twenty tenon July the first, nineteen twenty -one年代世纪表示“几十年代”或“几十岁” 时，时十的倍数的基数词的复 数，其前用in,且年代前用the。in the 1990si

6、n his fiftiesin the nineteen nineties几点钟“在几点”用介词at+数字，o clock1省略，如区分上下午， 可在时间后加 a.m.或p.m.at 10:30at 4 p.m.at ten o clock at four p.m.几点几分正读法：先读小时，再读分钟，倒读法：前半小时为分钟数+past+点钟数,30分钟用half, 15分钟用a quarter,后半小时为60-分钟数+to+未来的点钟数，at 2:40at 6:05at 12:45at two thirty/ half past twoat six five/ five past sixat

7、twelve forty -five/a quarter to one编R一般编码用“名词+基数词”表 示，强调“编号”，用“序数词+名词”着重“顺序”。其读法为“见几读几”，连续重复出现 的数可用 double ,零引用 0或zero。邮政编码：510640Room 502Class 2, Grade 5Part 5Bus No. 16Room five 0 twoClass two, Grade fivePart FiveBus number sixteen特殊数字的表示及读法举例/分类规则例词读法小数小数以基数词加熊啊书店 表不，点读 point,其前按 数词规则读，其后的数一个 个地读

8、。0.35.61zero/ naught point three five point six one分数分数由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成，分子大于 1 时，分母序数词都要用复数1/21/43/4a/ one halfa/one quarter, one-fourththree-fourths/three -quarters3/203 2_5three-twentiethstwo and four-fifths5百分数%读percent,白分数还口分 开写 percent.45%forty -five percent大约数芷好“用 exactly, clearly,大约1000人about

9、/almost 1000 peopleprecisely, 大约用 “about,大约1小时about/almost an hournearly, some, towards, more50以上more than/over/above 50or less+数字”或less放在后/、到 30less than/ under/ below 30面，还可用 something like,10天左右some ten days/ ten days or soin the neighborhood of, a40上下forty more or less/ about fortyday/ week/mont

10、h/year or two,“总共“用 in all, total.大约100亩地in the neighborhood of a hundred acresof land倍数一倍 once,两倍 twice,三倍A比B大（高，长，A is six times bigger /three times宽）6倍增加了 2倍=增至3倍=为higher/broader/longer/wider than B.=A is six times as big / high as B.C is three times less than D.一些数学A+B=?How much is A plus注思一些数词习

11、惯表达：ten to one十公式的表A-B=?B?有八九示法AX B=?How much is Asixes and sevens 乱七八糟A+ B=?minus B?twos and threes 二二两两3+6=9How much is Aa one-eyed cat 独眼猫9-3=6times B?a two-day holiday 1的彳民期3 X 9=27How much is Aa three-leged chair 一条腿的9 + 3=3divided by B?比例表示法：AB3 plus / and 6 is 9.1. One in eight joined the clu

12、b. 八分之AB9 minus 3 is 6.一的人参加了这个俱乐部。AWB3 from 9 is 6.2. One in a hundred survived theA=BThree times nine is twenty-seven.Nine divided by three is three.A is more than B.earthquake.百分之一的人在这次地震 中活J卜来。A is less than B.A is not equal to B.A approximately equals B.数词的其他用法1.数量增加的表示及译法increase (rise, grow,

13、go up.)重的增力口increase (rise.) 3 times 增力口 2 倍increase (rise.) by 15% 增长 15%6 times as much as. 6 倍那么多，多 5 倍 half as long as. M刃B么长30 percent as heavy as.百分之三十那么重 one fourth as great as.四分之一那么大2.数量减少的表示及译法reduce to 15% 降到 15%,减少 85%reduce by 20% 减少 20%fall/ drop by 10% 下降 10%fifteen percent discount五折

14、thirty percent discount 七折3.年龄的表示法他 8 岁。 He is eight years old. / He is an eight -year-old boy.2)大概年龄表示法：他父亲60多岁去世的。His father died in his sixties.She is still in her fifties. 她才 50 多岁。He is in his early thirties.他 30 岁出头。She is about / around forty.她 40 岁左右。He is close to 70.他快 70 岁了。She is almost

15、80.她差/、多 80 了。3)十几岁(从13-19岁)的说法：in his teens 十几岁in his early teen s 十三四岁“不满岁”的表示法：He is just under twenty.他还/、到 20 岁My mother is two years off sixty. 再过两年我妈就 60 岁了。He is going on eighty years old. 他年近 80 岁。She will be 18 years old next week.下周她就 18 岁了。5)年岁的其他表示法：成年 be of age, 未成年 be under age,年迈 be

16、far in years 已至U 上学年龄 be of school age, 超龄 be over age使用英语数词和阿拉伯数字注意事项使用数字时，应该遵循以下原则：10以下的数用英语数词，100以上的数用阿拉伯数字。10-100之间的数用英语数词或阿拉伯数字均可。.考纲词汇梳理：There are 12 months in one year January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December, and it is rather difficu

17、lt for many English learners to learn them by heart . 一年中有12个月一月，二月.,对许多学英语者来说，记住它们是相当难 的。【拓展1】rather adv.相当近义词：quite【拓展2】by heart背得出，靠记忆I knew this passage by heart.我背得出这篇文章。at heart 心底上；本质上He always has the well -being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。That socialite is a rascal at heart.那个知名人士

18、实质上是个坏蛋。During the concert , it is not polite to use the camera with the flash or often move in front of their audiences, and it is even rude to communicate with your friends.在听音乐会的时候，用闪光灯拍照和在观众前面不停的走动都是不礼貌的，如果和你的朋友交流更是粗鲁的表现。【拓展1】polite adj.礼貌的impolite adj.不礼貌的politeness n.礼貌rude adj.粗鲁的rudeness n粗鲁

19、be rude to X寸.粗鲁的【拓展2】flash n.闪光in a flash 一瞬间近义词：in a moment/ minutein an instant right away【拓展3】forthe ticket for the concert音乐会的门票，注意用介词 the ticket to Shanghai 去上海的车票He just moved to the new senior high school so the class teacher asked him to introduce himself tothe whole class and arranged his

20、seat beside the monitor.他刚刚转到一个新的高中，因此他的班主任要求他把自己介绍给全班，然后把他的座位安排到班长的旁边。【拓展1】move v./n.移动remove v.移除【拓展2】introduce v.介绍【拓展3】arrange v.安排arrange to do sth.【拓展4】sit vi.坐下moved adj.感动的=touchedremove sth. from 把某物从.移除introduction n.介绍；弓 I进arrange for sb. to do sth.seat n.座位vt.坐下give sb. a seat给某人一个座位seat

21、 sb. / sb. be seated安排某人坐下The soldier is strong enough to lift this heavy bag.士兵足够强壮能够提起这个重包。【拓展1】lift n.电梯 / v.拎 lift -lifted -lifted【拓展2】enough放在名词之前，放在形容词/副词之后enough applesheavy enoughenough to 与 so that 与too to 同义句转换：The boy is not tall enough to reach the top.=The boy is so short that he can t

22、reach the top.三、课堂练习=The boy is too short to reach the top.Choose the best answer.（错误率： 握情况： ）Tom will sell stamps to help the poor children in the west of China.A. thousand ofB. two thousand ofC. two thousandD. two thousandsA sudden earthquake made people dead and injured.A. thousand ofB. thousands

23、 of C. thousandD. thousandsAbout of the clerks in this office are under the age of 40.A. three-fifthsB. third fifthsC. third -fiveD. three fiveTom likes stamps very much. He has collected about five stamps so far.A. hundredsB. hundreds ofC.hundredD. hundred of5. A: How much will it cost to build the

24、 school library?B: About four yuan.A. millionB. millionsC. millions ofD. million of6.students want to be volunteers （志愿者） of this project.A. HundredsB. Five hundredC. MuchIt is the time in one week that you broke dishes.A. thirdB. threeC. thirtyHow big the tree is! It has grown for about two years.A

25、. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. ThousandsD. two -thirdsD. hundred speople got eye or breathing problems during the fire in Australia this year.A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Thousands of D. Ten thousandsNanhui District will provide five square metres of cheaper houses.A. millions ofB. millionsC. mil

26、lionD. million ofTwo babies died and babies became ill after drinking the milk powder with thechemical melamine.（三聚鼠氨）A. two hundreds B. hundreds ofC. hundredsD. several hundredsThe People s Republic of China will celebrate its birthday this year?A. the sixtiethB. sixtiethC. sixtiesD. sixtyThe stude

27、nts can learn news in their school newspaper.A.quite manyB. plenty ofC. a fewD. a number ofAbout students in this college will be the volunteers of the World Expo.A. three hundred B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundredsNowadays people usually get information from TV, newspaper and the Internet.A. quit

28、e a fewB. a number ofC. a lot ofD. a pair ofpeople gathered in front of the hall, waiting for the president to meet them.A. Several hundredB. Severals of hundredC. Several hundred ofD. Several hundreds ofpeople went to visit the 2009 Auto Shanghai last April.A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Thousands of D.

29、 Thousand ofn . Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给词的适当形式填空Can you find the（develop） in those small towns around Shanghai?roperly.Please（connection） these two wires together, or the television canBefore the computer begins（calculation）, you should first program it.

30、By working hard, Chinese people will make their country richer and. （power）I was（amaze） to hear the news.n . Rewrite the sentence as required.（按要求改写句子）（错误率：掌握情况：）Everyone knows at least two languages.（对划线部分提问）languages does everyone know at least?Xiao Lin is so old that he can go to school.（保持句意基本不变

31、 ）Xiao Lin is go to school.She is so young that she can t g例ojschooil本不变 ）She is young go to school.She is to go to school.The question was so easy that he worked it out quickly.（ 保持句意基本不变 ）The question was him to work out quickly.The book is interesting enough for everybody to read.（保持句意基本不变）The bo

32、ok is interesting everybody likes to read it.n . Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文）（错误率： 掌握情况： ）At one time there was an oyster（牡蛎）.He thought that he was the most important animal in the world because he 1 himself. Certainly, the silkworm（ 蚕）was important too

33、, but silk could not be sold at thesame price as pearls, so the oyster thought that he had good 2 to think well of himself.One day, there was a great storm at sea. The waves were very big, and the thunder（雷声）was loud.The oyster 3 his weak shell （ 壳）and stayed on the sea floor. He thought that if he

34、moved to theshore for 4, others would make fun of him, so he decided to stay there. Though he didn and his shell were washed onto the shore by the big waves. After the oyster found himself lying on the beach, he lifted himself out of his shell and looked out. Another big wave came while the oyster w

35、as 5, thebig wave threw him further. Oh, this was horrible! None of the waves we 6 to pull the oyster back intothe sea. The poor oyster was not able to move and became very angry because he could not find a way back into the sea. （）1. A. was satisfied withB. was strict withC. was nervous aboutD. was

36、 familiar with()2.A.wealthB.excuse()3.A.belongedtoB.stuck to()4.A.funB.rest()5.A.lookingaroundC. taking off()6. A. weak enoughC. useful enoughC. reasonD.resultC. replied toD.added toC. safetyB. showing offD. dressing upB. limited enoughD.exerciseD. strong enoughV . Read the passage and fill in the b

37、lanks with the proper words(根据首字母提示，完成短文)(错误率： 掌握情况： )I heard a story about an older woman who stood in line at the Post Office. She c 1 with a youngman next to her. The young man n 2 that she had no package to mail, and asked why she was standingin line. She said that she just needed a few stamps.M

38、a aryou must be tired standing here. Do you know there asstamp machine over there in the corner? He p 3 to the machine built into the wall.“Thankyou, “the lady replied, bull jlust wait here a little I 4. I ngetting close to thewindow.”“But it would be so much e 5 for you not to stand in this long li

39、ne and buy your stamps from themachine.”myThe woman smiled and answered, “ Oh, I know. But that old machine would n 6 ask me howgrandchildren are getting along.”She had a need greater than the need f 7 postage stamps - aneed to feel connected to otherpeople. And it was a need that could not be met b

40、y a stamp machine.四.课后作业.复习数词。.课后阅读专项训练。.复习本节课所学的重点笔记内容。n . Reading comprehension (阅读理解)(错误率： 掌握情况： )A. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)We were standing at the top of a church tower. My father had brought me to this high tower in a small town not far from our home in Rome. I wondered why.“Lo

41、ok down, Elsa, Father said. I gathered all my courage and looked down. I saw the square in the centerof the village. And I saw several streets leading to the square.See, my dear, Fher said gentlmore than one way to the sq uare. Life is like that. If you cant get to the place where you want to go by

42、oneroad, try another.Now I understood why I was there. Earlier that day I had begged my mother to do something about the awful lunches that were served at school. But she refused because she could not believe the lunches were as bad as I said.When I turned to Father for help, he would not help. Inst

43、ead, he brought me to this high tower to give me a lesson. By the time we reached home, I had a plan.At school the next day, I poured my lunch soup into a bottle and brought it home. Then I asked our cook to serve it to Mother at dinner. The plan worked perfectly . She tried one spoonful and sputter

44、ed. The coc must have gone mad! ” Quickly I told what I had done, and Mother promised that she would take up the matte of lunches at school the next day!s wi)In the years that followed I often remembered the lesson Father taught me. I began to work as a fashion designer two years ago. I wouldn t sto

45、p working until I tried every possible way. Fatherremind me that there is more than one way to the square.()1. Father brought Elsa to the top of the church tower to.A. have sports with ElsaB. explain what he means clearlyC. enjoy the viewsD. have a rest there()2. The square is the village with some

46、streets leading to it.A. in front ofB. oppositeC. in the middle ofD. next to()3. Elsa wanted her mother to earlier that day.A. do something delicious for lunchB.know he was complaining about hislunchC. speak to the school about lunchD.getrid of the terrible eating habit()4. The underlined sentence i

47、n the fifth paragraph means.A. the cook agreed to serve the soup to FatherB.thematter of lunch hasnt been settledC. her father s work was wonderfulD.themethod Elsa thought of was great()5. The underlined word“ sputter in the fifth paragraph probably means A.咽唾液B. 口吃C.喘气D.喷溅()6. By sharing her own ex

48、periences, Elsa tries to tell uswhen one road is blocked , try anotherB. how bad the lunch of her school isC. how wise her father isD. how terrible her mother isAnswer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)August has always been difficult for me. It is the time when I realize that the books my English teacher

49、assigned（布置）to me are not going to read themselves and that I have a difficult month in front of me.You might think that I dont want to spend my summer reading, but thats not the problem: I love reading. On the first day of my summer holiday this year, I borrowed A Gathering of Old Men by African-Am

50、ericanwriter Ernest Gaines. I enjoyed it very much. I read all the magazines that my parents subscribe to（订阅）andspend about 30 minutes every day with the morning newspaper.So why do I hate summer reading for school? Because the books on summer reading lists are often slow -going and just （不吸弓 I人的 ）.

51、Teachers don t undershan summer reading can be interesting as well as educational. They choose books called “ spinachbooks ”: good for you, but not much fun to take in. Every summer, I read them, hate them and get bitter about the experience.in the.To meThis bitterness started three years ago when I began high school. As preparation, my English teacher told me to read The Age of innocence（ 纯真年代 ）.At 14, I couldn t understand the love 100 years ago story. I only know m