专题短文改错T

1、 专题短文改错专题知识透析考点考纲要求命题规律及趋势1词法和句法错误要求考生在读懂文章之后，逐句分析在词法、句法方面是否有错，着重考查考生的语言基本功。考查名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词、副词、连词、动词时态、动词语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致等语法知识。2语篇结构和行文逻辑错误短文改错涉及篇章结构和行文逻辑方面的知识，在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力。词法、句法错误和语篇中的行文逻辑等方面的错误交替考查。3语言表述能力考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。设置考生在平时的写作中常出现的错误，然后进行改正。经典题例回眸1.(2013四川卷)下面短文中有10处语言错

2、误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每句不超过两个错误；2每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；3只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty，but I tried hardly to do it.Suddenly Mary, my best friend，asking me to let her to copy my ans

3、wers.After think for some time，I let her copy my answers.But after the test，all of us were called to the teachers office.The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests.We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.I was very upset.I didnt cheat.I was just hel

4、ping a friend.Why does she punish me?2(2013新课标全国)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线(_)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The book Im reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.I

5、t is said to have started in the early 1800s.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，that might not be served until 8 oclock at night.This custom soon becomes another meal of day.Interesting，it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.Tea in China was

6、traditionally drank from cups without handles.When tea got popular in Britain，there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.3(2013浙江卷)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一

7、横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Diary，Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we move last week？Dad lost his job，and as Mom explained，“He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to m

8、y classmate，my school or just everything else I love in the world.To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring，but I know Ill never fall sleep.Good night and remember，you，dear Diary，is my only souvenir from my past l

9、ife and my only friend.Yours，Rosemary4(2013陕西卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线(_)，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.One Sunday morning we go fis

10、hing at a lake.We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.As soon as we arrived，so we dropped the lines into the water.Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatiently.I wanted to give up，and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer.Finally，there were a sudden p

11、ull at the pole and fish was caught.Within the next few minute，my grandfather also caught a fish.Felt hungry，we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish.It was delicious.5(2013辽宁卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的

12、词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “He has ruined his heal

13、thy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon. I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken tog

14、ether. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.备考策略一瞥命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词抽象名词、物质名词泛指时是否多了冠词动词介词及物动词后受母语影响是否多了介词不定式小品词to不定式前是否多了应该省的“to”时间状语介词时间状语中是否多用了介词形容词、副词比较结构形容词、副词比较结构中是否多了相似词固定搭配惯用法固定搭配是否“画蛇添足”2. 缺词：漏掉的往往是冠词、介词、连词等虚词。这又与前后词的搭配有关。见到名词，应考虑是否缺了冠词；见到动词，可注意后面是否少了应与之搭配的介词或其他词。见到某些固定搭

15、配，如in front of, as soon as，应考虑是否完整。不是固定搭配的，也要注意英语行文习惯或逻辑上的搭配。如英语不可说She shook head，而应说She shook her head.(如下表)命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词名词前是否缺冠词不及物动词介词不及物动词后是否缺介词不定式小品词to不定式中是否缺少了不该省的“to”被动语态助动词被动语态中是否缺少了助动词be母语迁移词类用法将形容词、副词或介词视作动词，使句子缺少谓语动词固定搭配惯用法惯用法中是否漏了不可缺少的词3. 错词：错词的类型复杂，不胜枚举。但常见的还是搭配错误与语法错误，特别是平时写作时常出的错误最易为

16、命题者所关注。对于平时常常疏忽、常常出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。(如下表)命题角度考点解题思路名词冠词判断名词前的冠词是否误用名词名词的数句中名词该用单数还是复数动词动词时态、语态以及主谓一致根据上下文判断动词时态、语态是否有误，主谓搭配是否正确非谓语动词分词、动名词、不定式根据上下文判断非谓语动词是否误用代词人称代词的格、指代及关系代词与从句关系1.人称代词的格是否误用2.代词前后指代是否一致3.定语从句中关系词是否误用形容词、副词词法判断句中形容词和副词是否混淆使用介词惯用法惯用法中介词是否误用连词句法判断句中并列连词、从属连词是否误用总之，高考短文改错属于方法型问题，重点考

17、查基本语言知识的应用能力二、主要考点短文改错题的选材以记叙文为主，题材和语言都贴近高中考生的实际生活。考生平时在书面表达中常出现的错误也就是短文改错要考查的重点。错误类型设置相对稳定，主要涉及一致性、基础语法和行文逻辑等方面。主要考点如下：1名词的数、格的一致，以及名词前冠词的用法。2动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、动词词组的固定搭配。3非谓语动词的形式、分词作状语时与句子主语的一致问题。4并列连词的选用是否合题意，从属连词用法是否正确。5形容词、副词的用法，比较级、最高级以及修饰关系是否正确。6代词的指代、数、性的一致关系，关系代词、不定代词的用法。7介词的运用、惯用法的搭配。8句子结构及固定搭配的使用。9倒装、省略、强调和there be句型的运用。10疑问、否定(完全否定、部分否定)使用是否正确。11用词是否恰当、准确。12行文是否通顺，是否符合逻辑。【规律技巧】做短文改错可以用“三个看”的方法，即一看意思，二看时态，三看结构。先看意思，就是先看看该句有无意思上的错误，即连词but和and, so等是否用错；疑问词或从句的引导词是否有错；代词的人称、单复数形式是否前