直接引语变间接引语讲解

1、关于直接引语变间接引语的讲解第一张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语;二. 用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语 .第二张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾三不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称不变She said,“ I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“ you must

2、get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me ,“ They want tohelp him”She told me that That they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变第三张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时第四张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月nowthentodayThat daytonightThat nightagoB

3、efore/earlieryesterdayThe day beforelast nightThe night beforetomorrowThe next/following daynext The next/following 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：第五张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this, thesethat, those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthis weeknext week.thenthat daythe day beforethe next daytha

4、t week.the next week地点状语herethere动词come go第六张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月thisthatthesethosenowthenthat daytodayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next daynext week（month，year）the next week(month, year)heretherecomegothis weekthat week第七张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主

5、语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.”Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.第八张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月The boy said ,” Im reading a book.”Direct speech 直接引语 The boy said (that) he was reading a book.Reported speech间接引语.第九张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“二随宾”是指直接引语变间

6、接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?” HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 第十张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.第十一张，PPT共五十一页，

7、创作于2022年6月Practice:1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said _brother had failed in the exam.2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said, she is a good student. My teacher said _was a good student4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book i

8、n your room” He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy第十二张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月He says,“Is Tom a student or a teacher？” He asks whether Tom is a student or a teacher.He asked me, Do you like playing football?“ He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.My sister asked me : “ Wh

9、at is your friend?”My sister asked me what my friend was.Jack asked me, How do you like the film?Jack asked me how I liked the film.The solider ordered,“Be quiet.” The solider ordered us to be quiet.He said to her,“Open the door, please.”He asked her to open the door.She says,“I will go to Beijing n

10、ext month.”She says (that) she will go to Beijing the next month.He often says “ I shall tell you about them.” He often tells me that he will tell me about them.第十三张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月记住： 动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight第十四张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月1 陈述句 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用

11、连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）一般现在时 He said, “ I can do well in English.”现在进行时 He said, “Im writing a letter.” 一般将来时 Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow”一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时 He said that he could do well in English. He said that he was writing a letter.Tom told me that he would call me the next day.第十五张，PPT共

12、五十一页，创作于2022年6月注： 如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。He says, “Im not good at math. ”He says that he is not good at math.第十六张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月注意：(1)如果在当天转述today,yesterday, tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。 (2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there，动词come 不必改为go. (3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：1.Hesaid ,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth

13、. He saidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth. (4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。 My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ” My teacher said Tom is a good student. 第十七张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月I can speak three languages.He said he could speak three languages.What did he say?第十八张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月I am mad a

14、t Marcia.He said he was mad at Marcia.What did he say?第十九张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月We are having a party for Lana.What did they say?They said they were having a party for Lana.第二十张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月she was hard-working,I am hard-working. What did she say?She saidshe was not lazy.What did she say?She sa

15、idI am not lazy. 第二十一张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月he was good at playing basketball.What did he say?He saidIm good at playing basketball.第二十二张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月I am good at English.She said she was good at English.What did she say?What did she say?I do well in English.She said she did well in English.do w

16、ell inI do well in English.第二十三张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月I go to beach every Sunday.What did he say?He said he_.went to beach every Sunday第二十四张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月What did she say?She said she_.would call me tomorrowI will call you tomorrow.第二十五张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“What are you doing?”She asked meI was

17、doing.what第二十六张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“Why do you like English?”He asked meI liked Englishwhy第二十七张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“Where does he live?”She asked mehe lived.where第二十八张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“How does she go to school?”She asked meShe went to school.how第二十九张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月“Do you know my name?”She

18、asked meI knew her name.Whether / if是否第三十张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月When do you have math?( They asked him )They asked himwhenyou have mathyou have math.hehadThey asked him when he had math.Summary(总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语第三十一张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月Do you have math?( They asked him )They asked himWhether/ifyou h

19、ave mathyou have math.hehadThey asked him whether/if he had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语第三十二张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1. Lana said, Im going to have a surprise party for Maria. Lana said that she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.第三十三张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月Can you play the piano?( The

20、y asked him )They asked himWhether/ifYou can play the pianoyou can play the piano.hecouldThey asked him whether/if he could play the piano.第三十四张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?” She asked me _ _ _interested in science.2. He asked him “when will you buy the red

21、coat?” He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat.3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?” Shirley asked me _ _ _ born.4. “ Whats wrong with you?” Lily asked me. Lily asked me _ _ _ with _.5. The girl asked me “What happened?” The girl asked me _ _.Exercises:why I was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wro

22、ng me what happened第三十五张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月 1. “Where is she from?” He asked where she was from. 2. “How old are they?” He asked how old they were. 3. “Whats the weather like today?” He asked what the weather was like that day. 4. “How do you go to school?.” He asked how you went to school. 5. “Who

23、 is singing?” He asked who was singing. 6. “When do you get up?” He wanted to know when I got up.第三十六张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化hereover heretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlast week/month/yearnext week/month/yearagothe day after tomorrowthisthesecomebringthereover therethat nightthenthat d

24、aythe day beforethe next daythe week/moth/yearbeforethe next week/month/yearbeforetwo days laterthatthosegotake第三十七张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月1、直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语 或地点状语一律不变：注意！thisthatthesethose第三十八张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月2.

25、 The teacher said, My students are hard-working. The teacher said that his/ her students were hardworking.3. Tom told Jane, I will lend my bicycle to you. Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.第三十九张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstime to go home.”4.Mr.Wangsaid,“Iwillleavefo

26、rShanghainextmonth.”Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.Shetoldhimthatitwastime to go home.第四十张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月2. 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。 1）一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否）引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him /her。Eg. Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?” 疑问语序 Heasked mewhether /if I

27、wasastudent.陈述语序第四十一张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月2) 特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatheraskedhisson.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”The policeman asked the small boy where he lived. Father asked his son where he was going疑问语序陈述语序疑问语序陈述语序第四十二张，P

28、PT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月3. 当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order, 等, 而把直接引语的祈使句变成带 (not) to的不定式短语。句型：tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth如:第四十三张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月1 The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.”老师对学生们说: “不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让学生们不要说话了。2.The teac

29、her said to us,”Dont play in class.The teacher told/asked us not to play in class. 第四十四张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月change the direct speech into reported speech1 The girl said,“I will have a party.”The girl said (that) she would have a party.2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?”He asked me if /whether m

30、y father was a doctor.3 The police asked the man ,“Where are you going?”The police asked the man where he was going.第四十五张，PPT共五十一页，创作于2022年6月4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!”Mother told/asked Tom to get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,“ Dont talk in class!” The teacher told /asked us not to talk in class.6 The teacher said,“ The moon goes around the earth.”The teacher said(t