2023高三英语一轮复习课程 定语从句精讲答案版

1、定语从句Attributive Clause什么是定语从句？ ？ ？定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。汉语中常用，的，表示，定语的位置一 般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语，定语和中心语之间是修饰 和被修饰、限制和被限制的关系。a beautiful girla handsome boysomething goodnothing serious定语从句：在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故乂称为形容词性从句。 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。Do you know the profess

2、or who is giving the speech?The letter is from his mother, who is working inBeijing.He failed in the match, which was a great pity.被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。Activity 1. Find them out and translate.Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese A

3、rt.Paper-cutting is something that he learned to do from an early ae.Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to thn time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young womans paper skills before marrying her!There are three types of

4、 paper cuts which people still make today.A present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children.Paper cuts which show the Chinese character fsr double hapDiness are often used to celebrate weddings.People to whom the dead uersnn was related would make these offe

5、rings on special days and during festivals.关系代词:that/which/who/whom/whose/as（限制性定语从句中）.先行词指人，且做主语，需用who/lhal引导，不可省略。她就是住在隔壁的女孩。She is the girl who/that lives next door.先行词指物，且做主语，需用which/that引导，不可省略。刚刚完成的那项工作很重要。The work which/that has just been finished is very important.先行词指人且做宾语，用who/whom/that引导，

6、I省略。那就是我教的女孩。Thal is the girl (who/whom/lhal) I teach.先行词指物且做宾语,用ihai/which引导，可省略。 那就是我想读的那本书。That is the book (that/which) I want to read.先行词指人或物且做定语，用whose/of whom/of which引导 那就是那位成就卓著的科学家。This is the scientist whose achievements are well known.This is the scientist,the achievements of whomare wel

7、l known.This is the scientist,of whom the achievementsare well known. 这就是昨晚窗户被打坏的那座房子。This is the house whose window broke last night.This is the house, the window of which broke last night.This is the house, of which the window broke last night. ExerciseOur class is a big family. It consists of XX

8、girls and XX boys. Most of us are from different areas of Beijing. Our headteacher is a kind lady/man. She is always ready to help us. Although therere lots of problems on study, Ill never forget the days. We work hard together in the days.关系代词辨析：A. that 和 which.只能用that不能用which:先行词是不定代词 all, little,

9、 few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, some 等时，Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 先行词前有 the only, the very, any, every, some, no, all, few, little, much, the right, the last, just 等词修饰时， This is (he very bus (hat I am waiting for.先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，This is the b

10、est that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.先行词是序数词或他前面有序数词修饰时，This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.What is the first American film that you have seen?先行词既有人又有物时，Do you know (he things and persons (hat they are talking about ?主句主语是疑问词who或whi

11、ch时，Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,另一个关系代词宜用that,They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时，Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.主句是（here be句型且关系词在从句中

12、作主语时，There is a seat in the corner that is still available.只能用which,不能用that:非限制性定语从句中动词短语中的介词提前时，This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived.先行词本身就是that时，Whats that which flashed in the sky just now?随堂练习：I refuse to accept the blame fbr something was someone elses fault.Whenever I met her.was fairly

13、often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.All the presents your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.This is the very book I have been looking for.He was late for the opening ceremony,was very surprising to me.答案：l.that 2.which 3.that 4.（hat 5.whichas用法：such+名词/代词+as.像一样的，像之类的The same

14、 +名词+as 和同样的Wc have found such materials as arc used in their factory.我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料（as作主语）This book is not such as 1 expect.这不是我想要的书。（as作宾语）I have the same book as he has.我有一本书，和他的一样。（as作宾语）随堂练习：The house windows face to the north belongs to him.The man you met just now is my friend.The man is

15、 walking in the playground is my friend.Take the book is lying on the table.She is such a girl is always finding fault with other people.答案：1. whose 2.who/whom 3.who 4.vvhich/that 5.as非限制性定语从句中：.关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略I want to buy a dictionary, which is valuable to my learning（which 不川 省略）。.who（主语，宾语），whom

16、 （宾语），which （主语，宾语）不能用ihai代替。这就是纽约，我游览过好屡次了。This is New York, which I have visited several limes.Which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子。他又迟到了，这使得老师很不高兴。He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy.关系代词as非限制性定语从句时，作主语或宾语：As we know, China is a developing country.As is known to us, China is in

17、the east of Asia.B. which和as都可引导非限制性定语从句只能用as:定语从句置于主句前面，As you see, the Chinese people are hard-working.先行词作主语且定语从句为被动语态形式时,通常用as不用which.从句谓语通常为:be known, be said, be reported, be announced, be mentioned等。如果从句中行为动词是主动语态，般用which作主语， She has been absent again, as is expected.Tom has made rapid progre

18、ss, which makes me very happy.只能用which:关系代词在从句中作定语或 介词的宾语时,如:in which case, at which(相当于and in this/that case或and at this/that point)等。如：She might possibly come, in which case Ill ask her.随堂练习：1.is known to us all. China has the largest population in the world.That student that the teacher thought best played truant yesterday,made the teacher very disappointed. A lot of language learning,has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.答案： A.as B. it C. which D. this关系副词：when/