英语专题：状语从句

1、 Guessing games: 1When it is heated ,It ll turn into gas,what is it?2 If it is taken half ,It will leave nothing,what number is it ?3Though it is made of gold,It often live on the womans finger,what is it ?What can you find?1 When it is heated ,water turns into gas2 If it is taken half ,8 will leave

2、 nothing3 Though it is made of gold, rings often live on the womans finger状语从句Enjoy a storyWhat happened to the girl? 故事欣赏：文章有多少种状语从句，分别属于哪一种？ My mother was cooking in the kitchen while1 I was doing my school assignments. As soon as2 I finished my homework, I went to get some water to drink. Then th

3、e door bell rang. However, my sister unlocked the door before3I could open it. We were surprised the moment4we saw her because5 her clothes and face were terribly dirty. She looked much poorer than6 we expected. Since7we didnt know what had happened to her, we stood there and waited for my sisters s

4、tory . We wouldnt leave unless8my sister told us all about it. After9my sister got changed, she told us that she fell into a ditch when10she walked on a path on her way to my uncles home in the countryside . She couldnt get out of the ditch. Although11 she cried for help loudly, no one could hear he

5、r. She tried to climb out of it, but, however12 hard she tried, she failed to escape from it. As13time went by, she got worried. After several vain attempts she had to stand where14she was and waited until15a boy student passed by and gave her a hand. The boy reached her a long rope and told her to

6、climb with the rope. She did as16 the boy told , so that17 she came out. My sister also warned us to be careful when18walking on a path even though/if19we are in a great hurry. Thats true. We should mind our step so that20we can ensure our safety.基础写作：用状语从句串编一则故事我妈妈在厨房做饭，而我在做作业。我一做完作业就去拿水喝，这时门铃响了。然而

7、，我还没来得及打开门，我的妹妹就用钥匙打开了门。我们看见她时，非常惊讶，因为她的衣服和脸非常脏。她看起来比我们预期的更可怜。因为我们不知道发生了什么事，我们站在那，等着我妹妹的故事。除非我妹告诉我们关于这一切，否则我们是不会离开的。我妹妹换了衣服之后，就把一切都告诉了我们。她去乡下的叔叔家的路上不小心掉进了一个水沟里，而且上不来。虽然她大声求救，但是没有人能听到。她试图爬出来，但是无论她怎么努力，都没能爬出来。时间一分一秒过去，她开始担忧起来。几个徒劳的尝试之后，她只好站在原处等直到一个男孩经过，帮助了她。男孩把一根长绳索递给她并叫她拉着绳子爬起来，她按男孩所说的去做，结果就爬出来了。我妹妹也

8、警告我们即使要赶时间，走小路时也要小心。确实这样，我们走路小心，这样就可以确保我们的安全。状语从句状语时用来修饰 词， 词， 词或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子什么是状语？1)He knows how to learn English well. (副词well作状语，修饰动词learn)2)My parents often tell us about their hard life in the past. (副词often作状语，修饰动词tell)3)Her mothe

9、r usually goes out to do some shopping on Sundays. (副词usually以及介词短语on Sundays作状语，修饰动词goes)4)He will leave for Shanghai the day after tomorrow. (名词词组the day after tomorrow作状语，修饰动词will leave)5)He came here to see you. (动词不定式to see you作目的状语，6)He sat there reading a novel (现在分词短语reading a novel作状语修饰动词sa

10、t)7)If I have some free time, I will study German. (条件状语从句If I have some free time作状语) 找出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her

11、 arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句引导词可分为两部分 as while when whe

12、never before after until (till) since as soon asevery timenext timethe first/timethe momentthe minute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一就) as引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“正当”， “一 边一边”，“随着”等意思。1 “正当”表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生=when 。 Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion. 2. “一 边一边” 表示两个动作同时发生。when Helen sang a son

13、g as she washed. 3. 表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。whenAs she grew older, she became more beautiful. 1. as, while , when的区别while+持续性动词 进行时e.g. I like listening to music while I am doing my homework.e.g. Im going to the post office. - While you are there, can you get some stamp

14、s for me?e.g. I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while=_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. ( while =_ )He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. (while=whenalthough butWhile 在句中的不同含义:when: 持续性非

15、持续性动词都可当时正在忽然be doing .when 正.这时be about to do .when 正打算.这时e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in love with her. -When did you get home? -It was eight oclock when I got home.They were walking down the street when they saw an accident.2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.before引导的时间状

16、语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 We clean the classroom before we leave school every day. It will not be long before you regret for what youve done.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。 after引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 After you use plastic bags, you mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋

17、之后，不准到处乱扔。 since引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。 例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted. 常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句 “自从有多长时间了 ”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been (is) six years since she graduated from the university. 注意1 It is+一段时间+since 从句“自从.有多

18、久”2 It was/will be+一段时间+before 从句“过了.才”3 It was +时间点+when 从句“在时候”4 3 It was +时间段+before 从句“过了.才”1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I graduated from high school 3 It was eight oclock _ I returned home4 It was at eight oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhentha

19、tuntil/ till引导的时间状语从句 until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。 Ill stay here until you come back. He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.变为倒装句：变为强调句型： Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed as soon as引导的时间状语从

20、句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。 例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有： on doing sth immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives. Directly I had done it,

21、 I knew I had made a mistake. = on his arriving ,Ill give him your message 其他连词引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than, hardly/ scarcely/ barelywhen引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当no sooner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。1 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off. = No sooner had I begun to talk than he

22、 rang off. 2 He had hardly fallen into sleep when he went to bed=Hardly had he fallen into sleep when he went to bed一、时间状语从句在英语中，时间状语从句的连接词常常有：when（当.的时候），whenever（每当.），as（当.时）， since（自从.），until（直到.，如果不.），till（直到.），before（在.前），after（在.后），as soon as（一.就），once（一旦.），the moment（一.就），immediately（一.就），the

23、 day（在.那天），no sooner. than（一.就），hardly(scarcely). when（一.就），the instant（一.就），instantly（一.就），directly（一.就），the minute（一.就），the second（一.就），every time（每当.），by the time（等到.的时候）等。1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I graduated from high school 3 It was eight ocloc

24、k _ I returned home4 It was at eight oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhenthat练一练练一练1.Itwasquiet_thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless 2.Itseemedonlyseconds_theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif 3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate_thebellrang.A

25、.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas 4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.untilC.while D.wherever5.Irecognizedyou_Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once 6.Hewasabouttogotobed_thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when 7._Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetin

26、totrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until 8.It_longbeforewe_theresultoftheexperiment. A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknowC.willnotbeknowD.is;know9.Whatwasthepartylike? -Wonderful.Itsyears_Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since .9DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes,Igaveittoher_I

27、sawher. A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once10. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute11. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A. when B. until C. before D. since12. _ the

28、 day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. since C. As D. While13 -Did you get home a little earlier yesterday? -No. It was six oclock _ we got home. Athat Bwhen Cbefore Dafter14 Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (2004高考.福建卷) A.

29、 since B. after C. before D. when15 . It was some time _ we realized the truth. (2005山东卷) A. when B. until C. since D. before16 - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? - He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word. (2006 四川) A. before B. until C. when D. after17She thought I was talking about

30、 her daughter, _ ,in fact I was talking about my daughter . Awhom Bwhere Cwhich Dwhile 句子翻译1我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。（be doing.when)2我们刚到车站，火车就走了。I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.3自从她大学毕业已

31、经有六年时间了4要过5到6年他才意识到自己的错误。It is six years since she graduated from the university. It will be five or six years before he realizes his mistake 5我8点钟回家了It was eight oclock when I returned homeIt was at eight oclock that I returned home6直到完成家庭作业他才睡觉He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. Not

32、 until he finished his homework did he go to bed It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed 地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. You can sit wherever you like. d. Wherever you go, Ill be right here wait

33、ing for you.When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which注意：不要和定语从句相混淆。Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditions aredifficult.(定语从句，有先行词theplace） Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult. （状语从句，无先行词theplace） 1Will

34、you go _ our motherland needs us most after graduation? A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which2 She is so good at playing tabletennis that she can hit the ball _ she wants it to go. A. that B. where C. which D. when3. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a th

35、eatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, as, since, now that, for,和considering that, seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。

36、because, since, as, for的区别:because直接原因语气最强 回答why的问题。since “既然”表示对方已经知道，无需说明原因。通常放句首as “由于”表示众所周知的原因，语气最弱。for “因为”放句中，引导后半句表原因, 或补充推断的理由。1 _ youve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.ANow that BAfter CAlthoughDAs soon as2_ you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else.

37、ASince BIf CWhen DThat3Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eyes protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. through C. unless D. if4He cant have gone out, _ the light is still on. 条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, u

38、nless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), once ( 一旦), in case (假若) , providing / provided (that)只要 等。e.g. a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on t

39、he road. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is. A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When4. -How far

40、apart do they live? -_ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood (居民区). (2003上海) A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as5The museum will have to be closed _ the government agrees to give extra money. Auntil Bif Cwhen Dunless 在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though, although, even if

41、, even though,no matter + 疑问词(what/ who/ where/ when/ which/ how)疑问词-ever(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever)特殊引导词： as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)， while ( 一般用在句首 )， whether or , whether () or notthough, although 误：Although he is rich, but he is not happy. 正：Although he is rich, yet he i

42、s not happy. 正：Although we have grown up, our parents still treat us as children. 要点归纳：though, although当“虽然”讲, 都不能和 but 连用. 但是他们都可以同yet (still) 连用. ever if, even thougheven if 和 even though 表示“ ” 即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. as引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的 、 、以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语

43、的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。 表语状语实意动词省略Hard as he works, he makes little progress. Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Object as you may, Ill go. whether or , whether () or notwhether or , whether or not 表示“不论是否”，“不管是还是”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whether you believe it or not, it i

44、s true. Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy. while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比though/ although弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。While I like its color, I dont like its shape. no matter + 疑问词 疑问词-everNo matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mi

45、nd. 替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 判断正误：误：No matter what you say is of no use now. 正：Whatever you say is of no use now. 归纳：no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而 “疑问词+ever”则可以 _ I acc

46、ept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. even though C. now that D. as though3. I really want the match, however much _. A. does

47、it cost B. costs it C. will it cost D. it costs4 If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever5._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late

48、he is 6 _ ,he is good at drawing. A.To be a child B.A child as he is C.As a child D.Child as he is7 We wont give up_ we should fail ten times.(NMET) A. even if B. since C. whether D. until8Busy _ he was, he tried his best to help you.A. as B. when C. since D. for引导目的状语从句的连词:in order that 用于正式文体中，所引从

49、句可于主句前或后。so thata. 较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so 有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词, 否则, 就成为下一种句型：b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。for fear that; in case（以防）; lest (以免)等。e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget. 注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 so as to do 或 in order to do e.g. He ran fast

50、 so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.1Read it aloud _ the class can hear you.A. so that B. if C. when D. although2Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. although B. even though C. so that D. since3Roses need special care _ they can l

51、ive through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as4 I dare not go there _ my parents will see me. A. in case of B. for fear of C. in order that D. for fear that结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由 so, so that, such that; so that 等引导。 a. So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him. b. The bus broke dow

52、n so that we had to walk home. c. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.d. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.1 She was _ tired _ she could not move an inch.A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as2He has _ little education _ he is unable to find a

53、 job.；and3 _ that none of us could follow him. A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak句子翻译1.尽管天气变冷了，他们还是像以前一样努力工作。2.即使你会失败，你也应该尽你的努力去完成工作。3.我们必须带雨衣，以防天下雨。4. 据我所知，英文语法中没有这样一条规定。 Although the weather got cold, they worked as hard as before. Even if (even thou

54、gh) you fail, you should do your best to finish your work.We must take raincoat in case it rainsAs far as I know, there is not such a rule in English grammar.5. 请把前门的钥匙放在我们容易找到的地方。6. 我刚告诉他这个消息，他就哭起来。7. 你越是努力学习英语，你说英语就会越好。8. 除非天下雨，否则飞机将正点起飞。 Please put the key to the front door where we can find it e

55、asily. No sooner had I told him the news than he began to cry. The harder you study English, the better you speak it. The plane will take off on time unless it rains.9. 我们早晨早点走，以便我们能及时赶到机场。10. 当我们听到老师告诉我们的那个消息，我们都激动得睡不着觉11. 乘务员怕旅客不明白，她又解释了一遍。We set off early in the morning in order that/so that we c

56、an arrive at the airport in time. When we heard that news which the teacher had told us, we all were so excited that we couldnt go to sleep.The stewardess explained again for fear that/in case the passengers could not understand.描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导: as, just as, as if, as though, the way

57、(that), in the way (that)等。 a. We must do as the Party tells us. b. Leave the things as they are. c. Most plants need sunlight just as they need water. d. It sounds as if it is raining. e. They did it in a way that I had never seen before. 他们以我从没见过的方式行事。 f. As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离

58、不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水1If things are left _ they are, the problems will never be settled, Im afraid. A. how B. as C. what D. where2. Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do not take drugs _ directed. A. like B. so C. which D. as比较状语从句常由下列词语引导： as as, not so / as as, mor

59、ethan, less than, the more + adj. / adv., the more + adj. / adv.a. He is not so / as healthy as his brother. b. They jumped up and down as hard as they could. c. John is less clever than Peter.d. The busier he is, the happier he feels.e. The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.f. Send f

60、or a doctor as soon as (it is ) possible.“as” 用于不同的状语从句中1. She sang as she worked2. Smart as he is ,he doesnt study hard.3. You must try to do as I did.4. She doesnt do her work as carefully as I.5. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.一边.一边 尽管按照和.一样由于1John plays football _ ,if not better