2022年上海新世纪高二英语第四单元重点归纳及课后练习

1、上海新世纪高二英语第四单元重点归纳及课后练习Unit4 Sports around the world Part1新题型 The Olympics are the _ important international competition in terms _ scale, skills, and number of athletes. The games are divided _ two parts-the Summer Games and the Winter Games. The two parts _ hold in such a way that there are two yea

2、rs in between but four years before one is repeated. The Olympics were first celebrated in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and were held every four years _393 AD. Then, they were brought to an end _ the Roman emperor. It was not until the 1890s that the world saw the modern summer games. In 1896 the firs

3、t modern Summer Olympics were held in Greece _ that was where the tradition started. After that the Olympics would move to _ different city every four years. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were added to the schedule. The Games were to take place in a separate, colder place. The event was cancelled dur

4、ing World War and World War for reasons known to all. B Examples of modern Summer Olympic events are track and field events, ball games, diving, gymnastics, swimming. Typical Winter Olympic events are skating and skiing. The Olympic records are the world _. An Olympic gold medal carries as much weig

5、ht as, or even more than any other gold medal won at other international competitions. The skills and determination demonstrated at the Olympics have come to stand for the peak of human physical strength and will power. It was not until the late twentieth century _ Chinese athletes began to amaze th

6、e world with their excellent performance at the Olympics. Coming out number one many times in the Olympic events, Chinese athletes _ bring home one gold medal after another in swimming, diving, gymnastics, weight lifting, and _ number of ball games. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the world

7、 witnesses Beijing being selected by the International Olympic Committee IOC as the host city for the 2022 Olympics. This has added a brilliant touch _ the picture of modern Chinese sport history. Though once marked _ “ the Weaklings of East Asia ” , the Chinese have always been looking forward to _

8、 achieve the dream of becoming a sports giant. After continuous efforts for years the dream is gradually coming true, and it is understandable _ the Chinese let out cries of joy the night Beijings bid to host the 2022 Olympics was approved.Keys: the most important; of; into; were held; until; by; be

9、cause; a Ones; that; have brought; a; to; as; achieving; why Part2 Module 4 Sports around the world Module 4 教材精讲：1. 把握-ing分词完成式和被动式的用法；2. 把握本课显现的重要词汇；scale, gymnastics, demonstrate, peak, witness, touch, achieve, giant 3. 把握本课显现的重要短语；in terms of, every four years, will power, come out number one, o

10、ne. . . after another, at the turn of, come true 4.把握本课显现的重要句型；It is not until. . .that 5.才能要求；按空间次序来组织段落；语言点详讲：1.-ing分词的完成式的用法-ing分词的完成式用作状语, 强调一个动作在另一个动作开头前已经完成,连续一段时间后发生其次个动作,也强调两个动作之间有一段间隔；或强调第一个动作例: Having originally created the environment we live in. plants may be called on once more to save

11、it. . -ing分词的完成式用作宾语时,强调它表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前,但有时,也可 用分词的一般式代替完成式例： Jack admitted having broken the window in the class room. =Jack admitted breaking the window in the classroom. 2.-ing分词的被动式的用法-ing分词的被动式可用作主语或宾语它的规律主语是它所表示动作的承担者；例： I am not used to being treated like that. -ing分词的被动式仍可用作定浯、时间状语或缘由状语,含有

12、被动、完成两层意思；例： It is said that the book being written by the famous film star will be published next month. Being examined by the doctor,I felt nervous. 3scale的用法 n. the relative size,extent,etc；a system of grading people or things规模等级 例： The business had to be reduced in scale. 【拓展】相关词组on a big/large

13、/small scale大小规模地 out of scale 不合比例4demonstrate的用法v to show clearly by giving evidence；to exhibit 表达,显示,示威 例： How did he demonstrate the truth of his theory. 跟宾语 Can you demonstrate that the earth moves around the sun. 跟宾请从句 【拓展】词性转换 n demonstration论|正说明表现5peak的用法 n. the point at which a process o r

14、 an activity is the strongest, the most successful or the most fully developed 顶峰最高点高峰期 例： We saw a victory by an athlete at the very peak of her career高峰期 +旺期 Dont go there in the peak season 一it ll be hot and crowded Traffic is really bad at peal hours. 6witness的用法v to be present and see sthan eve

15、nt,an accident etctake place目击 例： China has witnessed great historic events. n.Ca person who sees an event见证者 例： He was a witness of the accident. 7touch的用法n a little bit; a detail that is added to something and makes it took or sound stronger or better 少许例： a touch of fevercold有点发烧感冒；v to feel a pa

16、rt of oneusually with ones hand例： Dont touch the exhibits.v to be associated or connected with sth例： I wouldn t touch anything illegal.与某事 有联系或有关系V to makesbsbs feelingssympathetic or sad 感动 例： The story touched us all. 【拓展】相关闻组keep in touch 和 保持联系 get in touch with 和 取得联系 lose touchout of touchwith

17、 与 失去联系词性转换 adjtouching令人怜悯的8achieve的用法 v to succeed in fulfilling an aim or in making a dream come true 实现,达到,完成例： achieve successones ambitionones goal【拓展】词性转换 n achievement完成,达成成就9giant的用法n. an imagined person of great size and strength,esp. one mentioned in ancient or childrenstories；a person or

18、 thing 0f great size or importance巨人,大力士 ,伟人 例： Yao Ming is a giant of the basketball team. a giant pumpkin重要人物10divide的用法 V. to split something into parts；to go into parts分,分裂【拓展】相关词组 divide sthinto把 分成 例： Divide the apple in halfinto halves. 11every的用法 every other+单数名词,意思是 “每隔一 ”例： every other day

19、每隔一天 every other tree每隔一棵树个 every+基数词 +复数名词或 every+序数词 +单数名词,意思是 “每隔 ” 较英语数词少一例： every three days, every third day 每隔两天每三天 every two days=every other day每隔一天每两天 every few day5 每隔几天12add的用法v . to put something together with something else so as to increase the size, number, amount, etc 加,添 增加【拓展】相关词组

20、add A to B把A加到B上 add to增加,增加 add up把 加起来 add up to加起来总共 词性转换naddition 加 adj. additional附加的,另外的13schedule的用法ntimetable时刻表vto arrange sthfor a certain time 为某事支配时间clock this afternoon.例： Jay Chou was scheduled t0 arrive at three o【拓展】相关词组 be on schedule准时14carry的用法有,含有,使承担v to have or possess；to invol

21、ve ；to support the weight of sth例： She knew that her opinion carried very little weight. 有 This pillar carries the whole roof承担 The newspaper carries some news含有 15weight的用法n degree of heaviness重,重量【拓展】相关词组 grossnet weight毛重净重 be a weight on ones mind 思想上的负担词性转换 Adj. weighty 重的,繁重的,繁重的16. amaze的用法 v

22、tto fill sb with great surprise 0r wonder 使某人大为诧异 例： Your knowledge amazes me. 【拓展】相关词组 be amazed atby为 感到诧异 例： We were amazed atby the news that David had got married. be amazed to findseehear发觉看到听到某事而感到诧异 词性转换 1adjamazing令人诧异的 通常褒义 例： It was amazing to hear that David had got married. 2nUamazement

23、 17turn的用法 n. a road which leads away from the side of another road; a change in something that is happening or being done 转向,转弯,转折点 例：we got as far as the cinema,and there we made a right turn. at the turn of the twentyfirst century 在21世纪之初【拓展】相关词组 at every turn 事事,到处,经常 by turns轮番 in turn依次按次序 tak

24、e a new turn有了新的转折 turn down拒绝 turn out生产结果是 turn up露面18host的用法na person who receives or entertains one or more other people as guests 主人例： Our host greeted us at the door. the host country=the host nation东道国 Who will be the host of tonights performance. 谁是今晚节目的主持人 . v to act as a host or hostess 作

25、的主持 例： host a TV talkshow主持一场电视脱口秀19dream的用法have a happy dreamdream a happy dream 作了一 个美梦dream of,about doing sth 理想期望得到做某事,做理想到 例： I dreamed ofabout you last night. dream that 做理想到常用于否定句中 例：She dreamed that one day she would be famous. 20continuous的用法adj. going on without stopping or being interrup

26、ted 不问断的,连续不停的例： a continuous flight 【拓展】比较 continual连续不断的,频繁的,表示时断时续的 例： I hate their continual arguments. 21effort的用法 n努力,尝试 例： It takes times and effort to learn English well. 【拓展】相关词组spare no effortsto do 不遗余力去做某事 make an effort t努力22approve的用法v. to officially accept a plan,proposal,etc 批准,通过赞成

27、例： He doesn t approve the policy.I quite approve of your proposal【拓展】词性转换 1nUapproval 批准,认可,赞同 2vdisapprove不批准不认可,不赞同 23the Olympic Gamesthe Olympics的用法 奥林匹克奥运会 作主语时 ,谓语常用复数；例： The Olympic Games are held every four years. 24in terms of的用法as regards, regarding就 而言,从 来看 例： A computer is powerful in te

28、rms of capacity and speed【拓展】相关词组 medical terms医学术语25in between的用法在 中间,在 期问每隔 例： two houses and a yard in between 26bring sthto an end的用法终止例： The principal brought the meeting f；all end at 6 this afternoon. 【拓展】相关词组1come to an end终止 例： Everyone hoped that the wa r would come to an end 2by the end of

29、到 为止 例： By the end of last yearwe had learned 2,000 words3at the end of在 的终点27It was not until that 例： it was not until the 1 890s that the modern Summer Olympic Games resumed. 这是强调句正常的语序是：The modern summer Olympic Games were not resumed until the 1890s 例： It was not until the following week that th

30、ey found her. until 表示动作、状态的连续 直到 为止 例： 1 waited until three o,but he didnt come.The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight 否定句,常与表示瞬时动作的动词连用 Not until 主句部分倒装,从句不倒装 例： Not until that evening was she able to recover her self-control28Be to do sth的用法将要方案必需做某事例： They are to be married next month

31、29take place的用法举办,发生 没有被动 例： They decided that the opening ceremony should take place on Thursday 30for reasons known to all的用法由于众所周知的缘由例： For reasons known to a11he failed to pass the exam. 31come out number one的用法得第一 例： She came out number one in the examination. 【拓展】相关词组 come out显示,表示,露出开头显现,开花32

32、one after another的用法一个接一个例： They won one victory after another33be labeled as的用法被说成,被称为 例： The phrase is labeled as slang in the dictionary【拓展】相关词组putplacepaste a label on a box贴标签34100k forward to的用法anticipate sthwith pleasure希望期望 例： We are looking forward to her coming. I am looking forward to you

33、r birthday party35come true的用法兑现,实现例： His dream of becoming a doctor has come true361et out的用法发出 叫声 例： She let out a cry of pain let sbsthout释放,泄露例： He was let out of prison yesterday let the air out of my tyre 把我的轮胎里的气放掉let the newssecret out泄露,透露They let out cars by the day 出租 He let out his coatt

34、rousers放长,放宽衣服 37the night的用法con相当于 on the night when,引导时间状语从句后面不需要加 法仍有：when；类似的用the moment,the minute,the instant,the second 一 就 例： He called her the instant he arrived home. 活学活用 : 动词填空：_not learn the idioms before, I cannot understand the meaning of these sentences. 2动词填空： Diana was upset for _n

35、ot invite to the ball. 3动词填空： He couldn t stand _make fun of when his wife w as present. 4改错： All the essays having written and collected, the teacher sent the pupils home. 5翻译：他们正大规模地预备与伊拉克的战争； 6翻译：请示范如何操作那台新机器； 7翻译：本世纪见证了上海发生的庞大变化； 8 Here is my card. Lets keep in _.A touch B relation C connection

36、D friendship 9 Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _one-year old twins at the headAisolated Bseparated Cdivided Dremoved 10翻译：每隔 9分钟就有一班车到车站； 12翻译：他定于下周一演讲； 13翻译：有权力就要承担责任； 14 翻译：我们对西湖的美感到诧异；（amaze） 15.Under the present system, state enterprises must_

37、 all profits to the government. A. turn down B. turn up C. turn out D. turn in 16翻译：北京主了 2022奥运会； 17. Ann never dream of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there to be B. there be a chance C. being a chance D. there being a chance 18. Please stop your _ question. A. continuous B. consistent C

38、. continual D. convincing 19. According to the studies conducted recently, those security _ appear to fail to reach the expected goal. A. efforts B. effect C. affect D. afford 20 My girlfriend wrote me a desperate letter as she 1earned that there was no way we could be together due to her pa rents_a

39、pprove. 21翻译：就经济而言这是很糟糕的一年； 22翻译：在 20世纪末旧的法律停止使用； 23翻译：直到我离开了家才明白我以前是多么欢乐； 24翻译：下周二将举办运动会； 25翻译：由于众所周知的缘由,David未能入选国家队去参与世界杯赛； 26 The rain stopped and the sun _ . A came across C came out B came down D came up 27,The Chinese people have been looking forward to_ hostthe Olympic Games for years. 28 Th

40、e mother said she would _her son _ washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supperA let,down B let,alone C let,off D let,out 29翻译：香港回来祖国的那一天,她儿子出世了；the day 课后精练Grammar and Vocabulary 1. Wheres Jack. I think hes still in _bed, but he might just be in _bathroom. A././ B. the. the C.

41、 the. ./ D. /.the 2. Every officer and every soldier _obey the rules. A. had to B. have to C. has to D. must have to 3. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 4. After the war, a new school building was put up _there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when 5. _from