大学英语综合教程unite 1

1、Welcome to College English 4 Hu Ying huying7Teaching Schedule (2011/9/132012/1/14/)2011/9/132011/11/31 College English 4 & Presentation2011/12/12012/1/6 Listening and Speaking 4Course AssessmentThe Mark is given by the following three aspects: 1） ongoing assessment 30%2） online study 20%3） final tes

2、t (2012/1/8) 50%1.平时成绩 30（包括考勤、课堂展示与参与及其他作业）5% Attendance 25% Class Performance presentation interview discussion PresentationPowerPoint presentation in class (Time Allowance: about 20 minutes)Selected from the topic of each unitWork in groups of 4-5, every group member needs to do his/her contribut

3、ion to the presentationTime slot: 8 October (group1-4) 24 November (group5-8) Note: topics will be given one month earlier before your presentationTopic1. Which one is more powerful, Man or nature? Can man Triumph over Nature？2. Work in groups and design your own smart car! How smart do you expect i

4、t to be? What can it do for you? 3. Imagine one of you is an employer and the other a college graduate applying for a job. The employer is now conducting an interview with the applicant.4. How do you understand “globalization”? Is globalization making the world better or worse? How do you think Chin

5、a should take advantage of globalization in her modernization effort?Unit OneFighting with the Forces of NaturePre-Reading taskTry to give more examples of disaster that you know aboutwhat can you see from the pictures?typhoon cyclonetornadotwisterhurricaneWaterWindfireearthrain/snowWildfireForest f

6、ireVolcanofloodtsunami海啸drought famine 饥荒earthquakemudslide 泥石流storm blizzard 大风雪hailstorm 冰雹snow slideMovie clip: TwisterInterviewHurricane KatrinaFrequently Used Words Related to Forces of Naturecasualtydeath tollsurvivorsvictimswreckage evacuation team 伤亡人数死亡人数 幸存者 受灾者 残骸 撤运小组 Text AThe Icy Defen

7、derText Cultural Background analysis Napoleon HitlerWhat do you know about Napoleon and his wars against other nations? Lets listen to a passage about his life.A Brief Introduction to Napoleon BonaparteNapoleon Bonaparte (17691821) Emperor of the French, who consolidated and institutionalized many r

8、eforms of the French Revolution. One of the greatest military commanders of all time, he conquered the larger part of Europe. During 1802-1815 Napoleon tried to gain control of the whole of Europe. He had great success against all his enemies except Britain, whose navy under Nelson defeated the Fren

9、ch navy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and whose army fought the Peninsular War against him from 1808 to 1814, making him weaker in his other campaigns. In 1812 Napoleon lost half a million men when he invaded Russia in winter, and in 1814 the British, Russians, Prussians and Austrians entered

10、Paris. They sent Napoleon to rule the island of Elba in the Mediterranean, but he collected an army around him and returned to Paris. He was soon defeated again, at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, and was sent to the island of St. Helena in the south Atlantic, where he died in 1821. B R _ 3_2_1.1Nap

11、oleons Chronology DateEventAugust 15, 1769 Born in Corsia. April 1796 Italian campaign began.May 1798 Bonapartes Egyptian campaign beganMayJune 1800 Bonapartes second Italian campaign.May 1804 Bonaparte proclaimed as hereditary Emperor.B R _ 3_2_1.2Napoleons Chronology DateEventDecember 2, 1804 The

12、pope was brought to Paris for his coronation in Notre Dame. June 1812 Invasion of Russia.September 7, 1812 Battle of Borodino. October 1812 Retreat from Moscow began. January 1814 Allies crossed the Rhine. B R _3_2_ 1.3DateEventMarch 31, 1814 Paris fell.April 6, 1814 Napoleon abdicated.March 20, 181

13、5 Napoleon escaped from Elba and returned to Paris. June 18, 1815 Battle of Waterloo. May 5, 1821 Napoleon died on Saint Helena. Introduction of HitlerB R _3_4.1 Adolf Hitler (18891945): German political and military leader and one of the 20th centurys most powerful dictators. Hitler converted Germa

14、ny into a fully militarized society and launched World War II in 1939. He made anti-Semitism a keystone of his propaganda and policies and built the Nazi Party into a mass movement. He hoped to conquer the entire world, and for a time dominated most of Europe and much of North Africa. He instituted

15、sterilization and euthanasia measures to enforce his idea of racial purity among the German people and slaughtered millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma (Gypsies), Slavic peoples, and many others, all of whom he considered inferior.A Brief Introduction to Adolf Hitler A Brief Introduction to Adolf Hitler

16、 DateEventApril 23, 1889 Born in Austria, son of a customs official.1914 1918 Volunteer in German Army. Wounded, and decorated.September 1919 Joined German Workers Party, which he reorganized as the National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party. November 11, 1923 Arrested for leading the Munich Bee

17、r Hall putsch (coup) against the German national government.B R _3_Hitlers Chronology DateEventAugust 19, 1934 Following the death of Paul von Hindenburg, Hitler assumed presidency while maintaining his other title as chancellor.September 1, 1939 Invaded Poland, provoking Britain and France to decla

18、re war on Germany two days later. January 30, 1933 Appointed chancellor after Nazis won one-third of votes.March 7, 1936 Sent troops into the Rhineland in violation of treaties of Versailles.April 30, 1945 Committed suicide in Berlin bunker. What does “the icy defender” refer to ?The severe Russian

19、winter raw, bitter and bleak. Text AnalysisGlobal ReadingPart division of the text:Paras. 1-2: Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of _. Paras. 3-11: Napoleons military campaign against RussiaParas. 12-20: Hitlers invasion against the Soviet UnionPara. 21: _ must be consider

20、ed in any military campaign.the severity of the Russian winter The elements of natureParts 2 & 3A Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two Invasions:Invading countryCountry invadedStarter of warStarting time of invasionStrength of invading forcepredictionFranceGermanyRussia Soviet UnionNapoleonHi

21、tlerSpring, 18126/22/1941600,000The largest land campaign in historyQuick victory, conquest of Russia in 5 weeksBlitzkrieg (lightning war, lasting no longer than 3 months)Initial resistance strategyCapture of the Russian capitalMajor battlesTruce offerFate of the invading forceWar-starters fateRefus

22、ing to stand and fight; retreating eastwards, burning crops and homes“scorch the earth, fierce fight to defend major citiesyesnoSmolensk, Borodino, the Berezina RiverLeningrad, StalingradBy Napoleon, rejected by the CzarnoOnly 100,000 survivedHeavy lossesNapoleon abdicated and went into exile, his e

23、mpire at an endHitler committed suicide, his empire collapsingWorld War II Quiz1. World War 2 began in which year?A. 1938 B. 1940 C. 1939 D. 1942C2. The First Nation invaded by Nazi Germany was _.A. Austria B. Poland C. Czechoslovakia D. Belgium B3. Mein Kampf, My Struggle, was a book dictated by Ad

24、olf Hitler about his life and political philosophy. A. True B. False Mein Kampf(My StruggleorMy Battle) is a book written by Hitler. It combines elements ofautobiographywith an exposition of Hitlers political ideology.A4. During WWII, who were the three principal partners in the Axis Powers alliance

25、? A. United Kingdom, United States, and FranceB. Germany, Italy, and Poland C. United States, Greece, and United KingdomD. Germany, Japan, and Italy two opposing military alliances :the Allied Powers & the Axis Powers D5. Who was the president of the United States during World War II? A. President F

26、ranklin Delano Roosevelt (32nd,1933-1945)B. President Herbert Clark Hoover （31st，1929-1933）President Harry S. Truman (33rd, 1945-1953)President Calvin Coolidge (30th, 1923-1929)A6. China had the largest number of civilian casualties, with 7,750,000 reported deaths by the Japanese during WWII.A. True

27、 B. False B7. The Manhattan Project, the development of the first nuclear bomb, was led by which American physicist? A. Dr. Ernest RutherfordB. Dr. Julius R. OppenheimerC. Dr. James ChadwickD. Dr. Ernest T. Walton B7. What was the name of the historic battle between Nazi Germany and the Royal Air Fo

28、rce over British Airspace? A. Battle of NormandyB. Battle of BritainC. Battle of Crete (a battle on theGreek island ofCrete )D. Operation Market Garden (the largest airborne operation in WWII ) B8. What is the name of the event that was termed for the genocide of 6 million European Jews during World

29、 War 2? A. HolocaustB. D-Day C. Manhattan ProjectD. Battle Of Iwo Jima (硫磺岛战役1945.2 )AThe day of theNormandy landingsa research program, led by the United States, that produced the firstatomic bomb in WW II in which theUnited States captured theIwo Jimaisland from Japan 9. The last conflict of WW 2

30、ended with the surrender of which Axis nation on August 15, 1945? A. GermanyB. ItalyC. JapanD. Hungary CLanguage Study Introductory Paragraph Pride comes before a fall.How do you translate this? 1. in the case of : as far asis concerned -The rise in interest rate will be disastrous in the case of sm

31、all firms. c.f. in case of: if sth. happens - In case of fire, walk quickly to the nearest door. 2. stand/get/be in the way: prevent from doing sth. -Fierce competition keeps getting in the way of kids development.3. launch (para 2)(1)to start (2) to send sth. on its courseCollocation: launch an att

32、ack launch a companylaunch threats at sb.Launch a satellitelaunch into （积极有力地投入）开始演说或批评 launch out into （精力充沛或戏剧性地）开始从事- He launched into a long speech about the danger of taking drugs.- She wants to be more than a singer and is launching out into e/go to the aid of sb.(para 2): help or aid Also see

33、: come/go to ones aid/rescue-The police came to their rescue 15 minutes after they called 110. 5. retreat (para 4): move back or withdraw when faced with danger or difficultyto retreat from 从撤退to retreat to 撤退到 - 我们采取如下策略：敌进我退，敌退我追。- We adopted the following strategies: When theenemy advances, we re

34、treat; when they retreat,we pursue.retreat 的反义词是advance，例如：to advance against (on, to, toward) 朝前进,发起进攻 6.be/get bogged down (para 4): be unable to make progress -Most of the tanks were bogged down because of mechanical defects and inexperienced crews.7. Engage (para 5)Paraphrase “engage” in the fol

35、lowing sentences:- We tried to engage him in our conversation, but in vain.- We failed to engage any active support for our project.- They engaged the enemy.- Studying engages most of a serious students time.draw into; involveattract sb.s interest begin fighting with sb.occupy Collocation: engage as

36、 使聘为engage in 从事；使参加engage with 与啮合，交战A . to give order or directions to instruct sb. to do sth./that 8. instruct (para 13): give orders or directions to somebody我被吩咐等在这儿，直到那位老师来了再走。 Ive been instructed to wait here until the teacher arrives.B . to give knowledge instruct sb. (in sth.)He instructed

37、me in the best way of doing the work. instruct, direct & order 都有“吩咐、命令”之意instruct 指向人下命令或指示、指导等，还可指交待direct 一般指上级对下级进行的指示、命令等，对采取的行动有准确说明order 是普通用语，往往带有强制性，语气较强Fill in the following blanks with the above three words.The officer _ them to advance. He hasnt _ us where to go. The policeman _ the moto

38、rist to stop. directedinstructedordered9. catch sb. off guard (para 13): take sb. by surprise乘某人不备 -The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard. 10. render(para 13)：A.cause (sb.sth) to be in a specified condition -Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.B. to give sth.(for

39、sth./to sb.)- render good for evil. 向灾民提供援助 render help to disaster victims. 以德报怨11.toll (para 21): 1.the number of people or animals killed or injured in particular circumstances; 2.money paid for the use of a bridge or road -The toll of road deaths and injuries is on the rise. -The local governmen

40、t was allowed to charge tolls for the use of the roads. take ones/ a toll: cause damage, injuries or deaths of/on -His hard work has taken its toll on his stomach.After-1.useful-1Useful Expressions1. 骄兵必败pride comes before a fall2. 战无不胜nothing could stand in their way3. 奋勇抵抗fierce resistance4. 堪称无敌b

41、e unequaled5. 痛苦的教训a painful lesson6. 速决速胜a quick, decisive victoryAfter-1.useful-2Useful Expressions 7. 面临着一个重要抉择be faced with a crucial decision 8. 孤注一掷take the gamble 9. 激战fierce battle10. 等待时机bide ones time12. 成为一场噩梦turn into a nightmare11. 向提出停战offer a truce toAfter-1.useful-313. 拖着脚步行进drag on1

42、4. 溃不成军的幸存者the tattered survivors15. 不宣而战without a declaration of warUseful Expressions16. 闪电式战略 lightning war17. “焦土”政策“scorch the earth” 18. 处境变得危急the situation becomes desperate19. 食品匮乏food runs outAfter-1.useful-420. “泥泞将军”“General Mud”Useful Expressions21. 发起反攻 launch a counterattack22. 无法形容的苦难

43、unspeakable suffering23. 被考虑到be reckoned with Phrases Turn to page 14 and look at the table at the bottom. You will see some words and phrases. Please pay attention to the phrases only. Look at the exercise on page 15 and work out No. 11, 12, 14 and 15. You can choose phrases from the table on page

44、14.Words and patternsAlliance campaign casualty conquest crucial decisive declaration efficient engage heroic instruct invasion launch limp minus occupation offensive raw reckon region render retreat siege stroke toll weaken at the cost of be faced with be bogged down bring to a halt catch sb.off guard die from drag on in the case of press on stand in the way take a gamble take a toll thanks to turn the tide (against) vocabularyMorebe faced withbe/get bogged down catch sb. off guardstand/get/be in the waytake a gamblebid