复旦大学考博英语模拟题

1、复旦大学博士研究生入学考试英语析试题一 PART Vocabulary and Structure Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through t

2、he center. 1. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to _ the consequences. A. answer for B. run into C. abide by D. step into 2. The wealth of a country should be measured _ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce. A

3、. in line with B. in terms of C. in regard to D. in case of 3. I tried very hard to persuade him to join our groups but I met with flat _ . A. disapproval B. rejection C. refusal D. decline 4. It is strictly _ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few. A. secured B. forbidden

4、C. regulated D. determined 5. Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be _ with everyone who comes to the store. A. accepted B. admitted C. admired D. acquainted 6. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must _ the qualities and varieties of p

5、roducts we make to the world market demand. A. improve B. enhance C. guarantee D. gear 7. It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _ free medical care. A. entitled to B. involved in C. associated with D. assigned to 8. Your kindness in giving _ to the consideration of the above p

6、roblem will be highly appreciated. A. importance B. advantage C. priority D. authority 9. Big businesses enjoy certain _ that smaller ones do not have. A. transactions B. privileges C. subsidies D. substitutes 10. Peter will _ as managing director when Bill retires. A. take off B. take over C. take

7、to D. take up 11. One of the wrong notions about science is that many scientific discoveries have come about _ . A. accordingly B. accidentally C. artificially D. additionally 12. Jack _ to the manager for the mistakes he had made. A. excused B. pardoned C. forgave D. apologized 13. _ scientists hav

8、e observed increased pollution in the water supply. A. Late B. Later C. Latter D. Lately 14. This watch is _ to all the other watches on the market A. superior B. advantageous C. super D. beneficial 15. Fresh fruits and vegetables are generally less expensive when they are in _ . A. sale B. need C.

9、season D. time 16. We can surely _ all difficulties that may come up. A. get on B. come over C. get over D. come across 17. He _ very quickly after his illness. A. recovered B. discovered C. uncovered D. covered 18. The designing of a satellite in the heavenly environment is _ an easy job. A. by all

10、 means B. by any means C. by every means D. by no means 19. The good harvest _ the price of strawberries. A. brought down B. cut out C. arose from D. added to 20. Most great artists are exceptionally _ people. A. sensitized B. sensitive C. senseless D. sensory 21. He came back later, _ which time th

11、ey had left. A. after B. by C. from D. for 22. Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her teens, were reaching the _ of their adolescence. A. crisis B. criterion C. causality D. credibility 23. At first Jackie prayed, frozen in fear, but gradually his terror _ curiosity. A. put up with B. lived up

12、 to C. did away with D. gave way to 24. The International Olympic Committee rejects the accusations that Beijings budget-cutting move might _ its preparation for the games. A. degrade B. deliberate C. deploy D. defend 25. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians

13、but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals. A. critical about B. indignant at C. indifferent to D. subject to 26. The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ. A. compelled B. posed C. pressed D. tempted 27. It is naive to

14、expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _ . A. for long B. in and out C. once for all D. by nature, 28. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in _ and lack of unity in style. A. conflict B. confrontation C. disturbance D. dish

15、armony 29. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _ . A. thrived B. swelled C. prospered D. flourished 30. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.

16、A. overturn B. overtake C. offset D. oppress PART Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark correspon

17、ding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.Passage 1 There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to five children something to do. In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played wi

18、th some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the

19、roles and responsibilities of the adult world. What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys w

20、ith regard to their development in all part of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的)peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate

21、 their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles. Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel t

22、o the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of a

23、vailable materials. 31. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that _ . A. their social roles are rigidly determined B. most boys would like to follow their fathers professions C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mother

24、s D. they like challenging activities 32. One aspect of the universality of toys lies in the fact that _ . A. technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys B. the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities C. the exploration of the univer

25、se has led to the creation of new kinds of toys D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over 33. Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys? A. The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged. B. Toys have remained basicall

26、y the same all through the centuries. C. The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years. D. Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character. 34. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys _ . A. follow a direct line of ascent B. also appeal greatly t

27、o adults C. are not characterized by technological progress D. reflect the pace of social progress 35. The author used the example of a rattle to show that _ . A. in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials B. even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology C. it often

28、takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making D. even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the timePassage 2 The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pi

29、lots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobi

30、le telephones. RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during critical stages of light, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Curre

31、ntly, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights. The difficulty is predicting

32、 how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircrafts computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of

33、 knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not. The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受损的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio system in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who cant hear the instructions to turn off

34、his radio because the musics too loud. 36. The passage is mainly about _ . A. a new regulation for all airlines B. the defects of electronic devices C. a possible cause of aircraft crashes D. effective safety measures for air flight 37. What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past

35、15 years? A. They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems. B. They may have taken place during take-off and landing. C. They were proved to have been caused by the passengers portable computers. D. They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference. 38. Few airlin

36、es want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because _ . A. they dont believe there is such a danger as radio interference B. the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved C. most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and

37、 cassette players D. they have other effective safety measures to fall back on 39. Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplanes computers? A. Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane. B. Because it remains a mystery wh

38、at wavelengths are liable to be interfered with. C. Because research scientists have not been to produce the same effects in labs. D. Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research. 40. It can be inferred from the passage that the author _ . A. is in favor of prohibiting passengers use

39、of electronic devices completely B. has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference C. hasnt formed his own opinion on this problem D. regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flightPassage 3 The rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communica

40、tions technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR. Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U. S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago,

41、 for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming ore sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activ

42、ities, compared to about one-third of U. S. companies, It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR. Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of wo

43、rld geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U. S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage co

44、nversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts

45、read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country. Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word foreign would no longer be used on CNN news broadc

46、asts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign. 41. According to the passage, U. S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because _ . A. an unparalleled increase in the number of pub

47、lic relations companies B. shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologies C. the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U. S. D. increased efforts of other countries in public relations 42. London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because _ . A. Brit

48、ish companies are more ambitious than U. S. companies B. British companies place more importance on PR than U. S. companies C. British companies are heavily involved in planning activities D. four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned 43. The word provincial (Line 2, Para. 3)

49、 most probably means _ A. limited in outlook B. like people from the provinces C. rigid in thinking D. interested in world financial affairs 44. We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry _ . A. speak at least one foreign language fluently B. are ignorant about worl

50、d geography C. are not as sophisticated as their European counterparts D. enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications 45. What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN? A. American PR companies should be more internationally-minded. B. The American PR industry shou

51、ld develop global communications technologies. C. People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages. D. People involved in PR should avoid using the word foreign.Passage 4 It is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses. I

52、n the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bracket went down. Millionaires are now commonplace. Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers. It is not the bosss job

53、 to worry about the well-being of his subordinates although the man with many enemies will be swept out more quickly in hard times; it is the company he worries about His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of his company and the industry so he goes home nightly with a full

54、briefcase. At the very top-and on the way up-executives are exceedingly dedicated. The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual. Although his wife may be on the b

55、oard of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits. His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields. Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing. These days, he probably attempts some form of

56、aerobic exercise to keep the old heart in shape and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running. But his doctors admonition to take it easy falls on deaf ears. He likes to work. He knows there are y

57、ounger men nipping at his heels. Corporate head-hunting, carded on by executive search firms, is a growing industry. America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly raid each others managerial ranks. 46. We can infer from

58、the second paragraph that _ . A. promotion depends on amiability B. chief executives do not work hard enough at the top level C. it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his subordinates D. a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the industry 47.

59、 The term aerobic exercise (first line in second last paragraph)is a kind of _ . A. hallucination exercise B. physical exercise C. meditation exercise D. entertainment 48. From the last paragraph we can gather that _ . A. there are too many aggressive executives B. individual talent is not essential

60、 for a company C. the job of an executive search firms is corporate head-hunting D. it is not common for companies to undermine each others managerial ranks 49. For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a place where _ . A. they can conduct their business B. they can indulge themsel