2022年不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳

1、不规章动词过去式和过去分词、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规就、不规章动词过去式和过去分词归纳（一）、不规章动词过去式和过去分词动词的过去式和过去分词是中学英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规章变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规章变化也不是毫无规律可循的；现将中学英语中一些常用的不规章动词变化介绍如下；一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是 t 或 d；如：cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hu

2、rt, spread-spread-spread 特别：动词 read 的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一样,read-read-read ,但发音分别是 ri:d-red-red ；二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的；如：come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同；如：1. 把单词结尾的字母 d 改为 t；如：lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 转变单词中间元音字母；如：si

3、t-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以 eep 结尾的动词,把 eep 改为 ept；如：keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept 4. 过去式和过去分词都以 augh 或 ough 结尾的动词；如：buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caugh

4、t 5. 有的以 ay 结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把 ay 变成 aid；如：say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的变化；如：have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt 四、有些动词原形中含有字母 i,在过去式中变 i 为 a,在过去分词中变 i 为 u；如：五、以字母 ow 或 aw 结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成 e

5、,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加 n；如：blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known 六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加 n 或 en,变成以 en 结尾的单词；如：rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten 特别：write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, r

6、ide-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten （二）、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规章动词过去式和过去分词有规章变化和不规章变化两种；1 规章变化情形例词读音与说明动词原形过去式过去分词一般在动词原形后加-ed look d call open d,在元音后发音也为need looked called opened needed looked lukt called kC:ld opened 5EupEnd needed ni:did -ed 在清辅音音素后发音为t,在浊辅音后发音为-ed 在 t、 d后发音为 id 但 fix 的过去式和过去分词 x 不双写,为 fixed.

7、 以-e 结尾的动词加 -d move phone hope agree moved phoned hoped agreed moved mu:vd phoned fEund hoped hEupt agreed E5ri:d -ed stop 以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词,变y 为 i,再加 -ed study carry try studied studied carried studied 5stQdid carried 5kArid tried traid 以原音字母加y 结尾的词,直接加-ed play enjoy stay played enjoyed stayed played p

8、leid enjoyed in5dVCid stayed steid 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加plan fit stopped planned fitted stopped stCpt planned plAnd fitted 5fitid 以-r 音节结尾的词,双写r 字母,再加 -ed prefer refer preferred referred preferred prIf:d referred ri5fE: 2 不规章变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规章,可分为五种情形；1动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形；例：原形过去式过去分词 cut

9、（切）hit（打）cast （扔）hurt （损害）put（放）let（让）shut （关）cost （花费）set（放）rid（清除）hit cast hurt cut put let shut cost set rid cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid 2过去式与过去分词完全同形；例：原形过去式过去分词find （找到）pay（支付）leave （离开）lend （借出）meet （遇见）keep （保持）lose （丢失）teach （教）sit（坐）lead （引导）win（赢）除）paid left lent met kept l

10、ost taught sat led won found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won found 3动词原形与过去分词同形例：原形过去式过去分词come （来）run（跑）become （成为）ran became come run become came 4动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同；例：原形过去式过去分词 give （给）fly（飞）drink （喝）see （观察）go（去）know （知道）wear （穿）speak （说）gave beaten （过去分词）flew drank saw went knew

11、 wore spoke given flown drunk seen gone known worn spoken 5过去式和过去分词有两种形式例：原形过去式过去分词burn （燃烧）burned burnt burned burnt learn （学习）learned learnt learned learnt smell （闻）smelled smelt smelled smelt spell （拼写）spelled spelt spelled spelt shine （照耀）shined shone shined shone leap （跳）leaped leapt leaped lea

12、pt 提示a. beat 的过去式与原形同形：比：beat （打击）beat （过去式）b. lie 有规章变化和不规章变化两种,含义不同比：lie lied, lied （说谎）lay, lain （躺,位于）c. hang 有规章变化和不规章变化两种,含义不同比：hang hanged, hanged（处绞刑）（正）iN go hung, hung 挂,吊 d. welcome （欢迎） 一词是规章动词, 不行误用为不规章动词比：welcome welcomed, welcomedwelcome, welcome（误）e.不要将不规章动词误用为规章动词比：hit（打）hit, hit （正

13、）hitted, hitted （误）6 现在分词的变化规章规章动词原形现在分词及发音一般在动词原形词尾加-ing , -ing 发音为push play carry going 5EuiN pushing 5puFiN playing pleiiN carrying 5kAriiN 以不发音的e 结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加 -ing take write leave taking 5teikiN writing 5raitiN leaving 5li:viN 重读闭音节结尾的动词,假如词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop 读音

14、/e/ stop fit begin forget cutting 5kQtiN stopping 5stCpiN fitting 5fitiN beginning bi5iniNforgetting fE5etiN 以 ie 结尾的动词,要把ie 改为 y,再加 -ing lie die tie lying 5laiiN dying 5daiiN tying 5taiiN （三）、不规章动词过去式和过去分词归纳A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-h

15、it shut-shut-shut hurt-hurt-hurt read-read-read lie-lied-lied 说谎lay-laid-laid 放置,下蛋lay- lain 躺下,位于,平放eg. The hens don_eggs during such cold weather. She _ her books on the table. _ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同1. 过去式和过去分词中含有 ought, aught, 读音是:tbright-brought-brought think-thought-thought buy-bought-bought catch-c

16、aught-caught teach - taught -taught 2. 动词原形中的 e 为 o,变成过去式和过去分词；get-got-got sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 3. 动词原形中 i 为 a, sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat 4. 动词原形中 i 为 o, win-won-won shine-shone/ shined-shone / shined 5. 动词原形中 an 为 oo, stand-stood-stood understand-understood-understood 6. 动词原形中的 ay 为 ai, s

17、ay-said-said pay-paid-paid 7. a ）动词原形中的 d 为 t, send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent build-built-built b 动词原形最终一个字母改为 t , smell-smelt-smelt lose-lost-lost c 动词原形后加一个字母 t, learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant 读音 /e/ d 动词原形中的 ee 去掉一个字母 e, 然后在词尾加 t. 字母 e 发音 /e/ feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slep

18、t sweep-swept-swept keep- kept- kept 其它 meet-met-met have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made dig-dug-dug hear-heard-heard find-found-found hang-hung-hung C.原型与过去分词相同come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-become D. 原形,过去式,和过去分词完全不同1. 把动词原形中 i 改为 a 变成过去式,改成 u 变成过去分词begin - began -begun drink-dran

19、k-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung 2. 把动词原形中 o 改为 e 变成过去式,在原形词尾加 n 变成过去分词blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-known throw - threw - thrown fly -flew /flu:/ -flown 和以上相像 3. 以下动词的过去分词都以 en 结尾,故把它们分为一类a 把动词原形中 i 改为 o 变成过去式,在词尾加 n 变成过去分词drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wro

20、te-written 双写 t ride-rode-ridden 双写 d b 把动词原形中 ea 改为 o, 在词尾加 e 变成过去式,在过去式后加 n 变成过去分词speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken c 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为 o 变成过去式 , 在过去式后加 n 变成过去分词wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten （双写 t,加 en ）d 其它过去分词以 en 结尾的动词eat

21、-ate-eaten beat- beat - beaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given see-saw-seen take-took-taken mistake- mistook- mistaken hide-hid-hidden （双写 d ）E. 没有过去分词的动词can - could may- might shall- should will - would 其它am, is - was- been :are-were- been do-did- done draw-drew- drawngo-went- gone show-showed-sho

22、wn wear- wore - worn 不规章动词的过去式（初二）不规章动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下：也是一个难点； 同学们应通过不规章动词的动词原形和它们1. 把动词原形中的 o 改为 a,变成过去式；过去分词不变如：become became, come came 2把动词原形中的 i 改为 a,变成过去式；如：begin began ,drink drank ,give gave ,ring rang ,sing sang ,sitsat ,swim swam ,sink sank ,3把重读开音节中的 i 改为 o,变成过去式；如：drive dr

23、ove , riderode ,shine shone ,win won ,write wrote 4动词原形中的 e 改为 o,变成过去式；如：getgot ,forget forgot 5动词原形中的 eep 改为 ept ,变成过去式；如：keep kept ,sleep slept ,sweep swept 6. 动词原形中的 an 改为 oo,变成过去式；如：stand stood ,understand understood 7改动词原形中的 aw ow 为 ew,变成过去式；如：draw drew ,grow grew ,know knew ,throw threw （动词 show 除外, show showed ）8动词原形中的 eak 改为 oke,变成过去式；如：break broke ,speak spoke 9动词原形中的 ell 改为 old ,变成过去式；如：sellsold ,tell told 10以 ought 和 aught 结尾,且读音是:t的过去式；如：bring b