14语法填空考点突破形容词及副词名词

1、15语法填空考点突破adj. /adv./n.2015二轮复习形容词及副词考点内容形容词及副词在句子中的位置/作用考点在试题中的考查形容词及副词派生词后缀归纳及运用比较级使用条件比较及及最高及变化规律形容词副词的作用 1. I am a happy teacher. 2. I am quite happy today. 3. All of you make me happy.The kids study happily in my class. adj. adv.1. 当定语，起修饰名词的作用2. 当表语，起说明特征的作用3. 当宾补，起补充宾语状态的作用当状语，修饰动词、形容词、另一个副词或

2、整个句子的作用。 小试身手Apart from his full-time job, He takes an important part in the _1_ (society) activities, and it is quite _2_ (nature) forhim to lead a busy life. For example, he is _3_ (most) out on Sundays or holidays, helping his community with all kinds of things.social1. social activities “社会活动”na

3、tural2. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.mostly3. mostly“大部分地”， 副词修饰动词谓语突破语法填空中对形容词副词的考查第一，词性转化第二，等级变化 . an old man was waiting for a ride . He saw several horsemen pass by but he didnt ask for any help. The wait seemed _16_ (end). But such a small thing couldnt _23_ (possible) destroy a village.词性转

4、化I. 例题引入 13广东高考endlesspossibly句子缺表语，用形容词，根据语境，用否定义。修饰动词用副词，形容词加后缀ly词形否定义 11深圳一模要掌握的基础知识形容词副词的词形 1) -able 2) -al 3) -ish 4) -ful 5) -ive 6) -ant 7) -y adj.-常见后缀 rely nature fool beauty act importance rain -ly adv.different reliable natural foolish beautiful active important rainydifferently不是。部分形容词也是

5、以ly结尾的。friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, manly 副词后缀-lyA. 加ly的都是副词吗？B. 副词加ly的各种形式-形容词+ly副词副词的构成形容词+ly特殊情况：辅音字母+y 结尾-去Y为I 再加ly.Prettyprettilyle 结尾的去e加yPossible-possiblynationalnationallyMerrymerrilyterribleterribly happyhappily2、形容词副词的否定义 1) dis- 2) in/im- 3) il/ir- 4) un- 前缀-常见前后缀 -less 后缀useuseless

6、honest possible legal fair dishonest impossible illegal unfair-freePollutionsmokepollution-freeSmoke-free vision nation father impress visible national fatherly impressive 即时练习1. 请用适当的后缀，将下面各单词改为形容词 gentle whole nice luckygently wholly nicely luckily2. 请用适当的后缀，将下面各单词改为副词3. 请用适当的前后缀，将下面各单词改为否定义 known

7、 moral regular satisfiedunknown immoral irregular dissatisfied Its origins are _16_ (clear) and hidden in the river of time. Nobody knows exactly . . I felt proud of my achievement. _24_ (fortunate), I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left. Lizzie managed to _20_ (succeed) pull herself and Na

8、ncy out of the water and onto a bit of high land.unclear11执信月考successfully单句07广州二模 Unfortunately09佛山二模III. 题目检测根据语境，用形容词的否定义根据语境，用副词的否定义You taste the water . an act of knidness and love. Nothing could be _39_ (sweet).Martha Berry was born in 1866. _19_ (lucky) than most Georgian mountain children, s

9、he received education.等级变化I. 例题引入 11广深联考Luckiersweeter使用条件变化形式 10广东高考1、形容词副词的等级使用条件II. 具体讲解固定搭配 1) _ than 2) Nothing cound be _3) the _, the +比较级 比较级根据语境提示，强调在三者或以上的范围中作比较。固定结构：One of the (形容词最高级）+名复数 that sb 完成时态（ever) 前者比后者更再没有比这个更 越就越 最高级4) 隐性比较级，但在语境中能体现2、形容词副词的等级变化形式 1) -er/est 2) y-ier/iest 3)

10、 e-r/st 4) 双写辅音字母-er/estII. 具体讲解 单/双音节词beautiful多音节词 more / the most small early free big smaller/smallest earlier/earliest freer/freest bigger/biggest more beautiful /the most beautifulwarmcoolbighothappybusyeasyclevernarrowbeautifulimportantbeneficialwarmercoolerbiggerhotterhappierbusiereasierclev

11、erernarrowermore beautifulmore importantmore benficial 特别留意一些不规则变化的形容词副词原级比较级最高级good / well bad / ill many / much little far old better bestworse worstmore most less leastfarther farthestfurther furthestolder/elder oldest/eldest This was the _25_ (bad) thing I ever exprienced in Interesting India. I

12、 walked much _17_ (slow), so I could find out where it was coming. The donkey worked _16_ (hard) so the farmer fed him more food.13广州二模worst11惠州二模slower12茂名二模harder单句III. 题目检测归纳-解题方法1.固定搭配2. 把握语境，决定合适的等级变化。 . Yet all those things do not really matter. _17_ matters to the storyteller is that the stor

13、y is heard-without _18_ (interrupt), statement or judgement. Listening to someones story costs _19 _ (little) than expensive diagnostic testing but is key to healing and analysis. I often thought of what a woman once taught me, and I reminded _20_ of the importance of stopping, sitting down and _21_

14、 (true) listening. P13-12 What interruption短篇 myself truly less巩固练习1. 填形容词：句子缺_, _或宾补2. 填副词： 句子缺_。 语法填空中提供单词题填形容词副词 定语 表语解题时，判断所缺的词的词性，进行适当的词性变化。再从固定搭配或语境判断，是否需要用否定义或比较等级。归纳总结 作用状语 1. 形容词后缀 2. 副词后缀 3. 表否定的前后缀词性转化等级变化 1. 等级的使用条件及固定搭配 2. 等级的变化形式名词只能用复数形式的短语：do exercises （做操）take notes (做笔记）take turns

15、（轮流）make friends with （交朋友）shake hands with (握手）as follows （如下）in rags （衣衫褴褛）in dozens （成打的）名词 抽象名词具体化 （1）可以复数形式出现； （2）表示“某种”或“一次” 意义时，可和不定 冠词连用。 常构成“a/an(形容词)抽象名词”。 How did you smooth away the difficulties? （指各种具体困难）； It is a great pleasure to talk with you.练习：A success-一个成功者 一件成功的事情A failure-一个失败者

16、 一件失败的事情 名词在句子中的作用 功 能 例 子 主语Bush was elected president. 表语These are not goats but sheep. 宾语She was reading a book.同位语Mr. Smith, the manager, will host the meeting. 定语You are supposed to gather at the school gate. 补语Marx made London the base of revolution. 状语The couple walked shoulder to shoulder. 连

17、词The moment they saw the tower, they cheered.常见构成名词的后缀1.v+-er / -or表示 “的人; 供做的物”, writer, learner, designer, advisor2.ist表示 “做的人; 家; 主义者”, communist共产主义者， socialist社会主义者, pianist钢琴家, typist打字员, 3.n/adj+ism表示 “主义; .学说; 行为; 状态”,socialism社会主义, tourism旅游业4.adj.+-ness, darkness, carelessness, gentleness,

18、 kindness, 5.v+-ing, sightseeing, feeling, painting, finding, saving, earning, meaning, training, greeting6.v+tion, invitation, invention, pronunciation, composition, contribution, collection, 7.v+sion, 如: expression, impression, permission8.V+ment, 如: government, movement, treatmentdevelopment, equ

19、ipment, punishment,9.n+ship表示 “的状态; 的技能; 术”, friendship, partnership伙伴关系, hardship困苦, readership读者群, scholarship会员身份, ownership所有制10.n+hood表示身份, 资格, 时间, 集体, 状态, brotherhood兄弟般的关系, likelihood可能性, neighborhood邻里, childhood童年时代, boyhood少年时代, girlhood少女时代11.adj+ity, reality现实, ability能力, activity活动, pos

20、sibility可能性, regularity正规, nationality国籍, disability残疾, minority少数12.v+ence, 如: difference区别, existence存在, silence沉默, occurrence事件, reference提及, conference会议13.v+-ance, 如: appearance出现, performance表演, acceptance接受, assistance帮助, distance距离14.v+-ure, 如: pleasure快乐, failure失败, exposure暴露, closure关闭, m

21、ixture混合, gesture姿势15.后缀ess表示女性或雌性, 如: hostess女主人, mistress主妇, waitress女服务员16.后缀th, 如: truth真理, strength力量, length长度, growth成长, depth深度17.v+al, 如: removal除去, survival幸存, proposal建议, trial试验, 18.v+ant表示 “做事的人或物”, 如: accountant会计, applicant申请者, consultant请教者, servant服务员, assistant助手, expectant期待者19.v+

22、ee表示 “受者,行为者”, 如: employee受雇者, payee收款人, referee受委托者, interviewee21.n+-ful表示 “满量”, 如: basketful一篮, handful一把, houseful满屋子22.n(国家名）+ese表示 “的人, 语”, 如: Japanese, Cantonese广东人, This time, she gave me a smile with _25_ (satisfy) and gratitude in her eyes.satisfaction单句11深圳二模III. 题目检测 注意长难词的拼写. she said, my grandma told me the secret of happy _22_ (marry).marriage13深圳二模 Frankly, these teachers good _19_ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students interest in .suggestions11汕尾一模 注意名词是否需要