考研英语词汇：Lesson 2 笔记

1、Lesson 2Incentive激励/刺激,指的是物质/金钱上的刺激（motivation激励，鸡汤）/Subsidy津贴（数额稍 微大一点“allowance零花钱（数额小一点）/9rant 基金（fund ） /授予（钱）Incentive例句：A bill，law 账单 , 法案 by Democratic Senator 参 议员 Robert Byrd of West Virginia（后置定语）,which would offer financial incentives （背景知识:降税 tax/ 发补贴）for private industry私营企业（定语从句），is a

2、promising startState-owned industry 国营企业Promising有前景的Trying棘手的He is a Learned 博学的 student.Subsidy 津贴-ly副词-一句中做状语，表程度I love youI love you deeply 我爱死你了I love you slightly我爱上你了（我对你有爱意了）I hardly/rarely/seldom/barely love you 我不爰你 例句：The townsfolk 小镇居民 don t see it this way（不这么看）and （句间并列，看一半即 可）local co

3、uncil（委员会议会-5）does not contribute directly to=give the subsidy 津贴（钱） of the Royal Shakespeare 莎士比亚 Company言下之意：当地政府不是特别看得上这家公司Allowance零花钱彳列句：Instead = However, the claimant 申请者 receives a time-limited 有 时 限 的 allowance 救济金，conditional = basedconditional = basedi=i于 actively seeking a job;noentitlem

4、ent 权利（birth-right） and no insurance 保障，at71.70 a week, one of the least generous 慷慨的二最小气的in the EU.Wage Grant 例 句 :federal research grants rose fourfold=four times between 1960 and 1990例句:Over the past decade, thousands of patents（专利）have been granted 授予二given for （宾从）what are called business metho

5、ds.Be/have/make/do/say/givetake A for granted认为A是理所当然的Don t take my love for grantedValue价值/估值，重视 valuableOver-value高估(价值/价格)价值重视伊:Your wisdom 智慧 is highly=very valued 重视二stress by the team对价值评估Rule规那么/准那么V.裁决(The judge ruled thatooo )例句 ：These rules say they must value 评估 some assets 资产(宾从)at the p

6、rice ( which ) a third party would pay (定语从句),not the price ( which ) managers and regulators 监管者 would like them=assets to fetch=match.背景：金融腐败类的文章会相关Over-value例句:It was banks that were on the wrong planet=mistake, with accounts that vastly overvalued 高估 assets 资产.My mistake=I am on the wrong planet

7、银行坏账Currency 流通（钱）Current n. 流（sea current 洋流 electric current）hard currency 硬通货 gold dollarCurrent=today=nowadays=at this moment adj.当前的（题干和原文的同义替换的时间词）例题：The author holds=say that the current 当前的 collective=shared二general 共同的，集体的,群众的 doctrine信条shows人们扭曲的价值观对应原文In today s world, it has become norma

8、l 通常的，正常的，平常的二common=general=collective doctrine thatwell-paid 高薪的 executives 管理者=高管 shouldnot be accountable for 对。负责 what happens in the organizations 机构 / 公司 that they run=operate 运营.（定从）Capital首都，首字母大写（capitalism）Capital资本（钱）Capita lism资本主义例句：It （形式主语）s increasingly叩parent明显的that （主语从句，真正的主语）tha

9、t （主语从句，真正的主语）theabsence=lack=dearth 缺乏二二二没有 of purpose 目的, of a moral 道德的 language （道德观念） within government, media or business（主语）could become （变成，谓语）one 0f the most dangerous goals forcapitalism （终极目标：自由）and freedom.”美国人不要脸，只要钱Fiscal （专指政府） 财政的二financialFiscal policy财政政策后置定语:对其之前的名词做限定和解释，翻译的时候，后置

10、定语，前置翻译N+ adj + prep+ N形容词短语做后置定语例：The book （that is）useful for the students is on thewayN+prep+N介词短语做后置定语 例:The book （which is）on the table is mine.N+ to/doing/done +N非谓语短语做后置定语 例:The man （who is）walking on the street is my brother.例句：Finally, figures （解决 figure out/数据 data/夕卜形 shape/有影响力的人物）（who a

11、re ） dose to theFrench government （后置定语）have murmured 私 下说二say Eurozone members 欧盟成员国 should agree （ agreement t办议）to 认可 some fiscal （钱）and social harmonization 和谐：eg, curbing 限制competition=和谐in 0）小。血怕2乂但岭之公司税率 （钱）or labor costs （钱）（interest rate 利率）背景：成员国之间各种资源竞争Afford承当，负担/affordable可负担的（与钱相关）I ca

12、n afford it.AffordAffordable美国公立大学18000美金/year私立大学35000美金/year例句：Law-school法学院debt债务（因）means （前后是因果） that （果） many （ graduates 毕业生 ）cannot afford to go into government or non-profit （非盈利机构）work （to pay the debt）,fearsomely=veryand that(果)they have to work hard (to pay the debt).Budget预算例句:Todays fam

13、ilies have budgeted to 做预算the limits of their new two-paycheck 支付，支 票status身份形容词廉价的dirt-cheap 二 budgeta budget travel agent廉价的旅游代理商Monetary（policy/inflation通货膨胀-控制消费一加息/deflation通货紧缩-刺激消费-降息）货币的Monetary policy 货币政策Interest rate adjustment 利率调整Stock/stock-market 月殳市/share/shareholder 股东Stock股票share股份

14、=钱经济萧条Depression 大萧条(CET4/6 ) /slump 大幅度下 降Great DepressionCrisis 危机Financial crisis/housing crisis/recall crisis 召回 危机Decline 衰il/downturn 下彳亍/recession 不景气 declineEconomic declineMoral decline道德沦丧/败坏Mournful令人哀叹的Decline衰退/衰败ofJournalism 新闻业The fashion industry would decline 衰退.RecessionRecess例句： M

15、eanwhile, as二when the recession is looming=gradually/becoming 越来越 large, people are getting anxiousStandstill/stagnation 静止,停滞(经济类-贬 义)【字母组合st表示不动，稳定】standard n.标准 standardize a standardized exam 标准化测 试(gauge/criteria )steady adj. a steady job increasestable adj.相对出现频率更高例句:the African plates has been stable for 30 million years still adv. stand stillestablish v. estab