加拿大奶牛肉牛瘟

1、牛瘟Rinderpest (Cattle Plague)Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt病因/发病机理 Cause & Pathogenesis副粘病毒-种类多，抗原一样Paramyxovirus many strains but antigenically identical国际兽医组织列为A类传染病OIE Reportable Disease List A高发病率(to 100%)高死亡率(to 100%)High morbidity (to 100%) and high mortality (to 100%)亚洲、非洲、中东地区流行Disease is endemi

2、c in some Asian, African and Middle Eastern countries牛和猪的高度接触、致死性疾病Highly contagious, fatal disease of ruminants and swine伴有高热、口腔炎、肠炎Disease is characterized by high fever, stomatitis and enteritis感染动物排泄物中含有病毒Virus shed in all secretions from clinically infected animals危险因素Risk Factors从流行地区引进动物Intro

3、duction of animals from endemic countries临床症状Clinical Findings6-9天潜伏期Incubation period of 6-9 days发热、精神萎靡、食欲下降Fever, depression and anorexia侵然口腔、鼻孔、阴唇、阴道Oral erosions plus erosions of nares, vulva and vagina严重腹泻、有时里急后重Severe diarrhea, sometimes dysentery and tenesmus 眼有脓性排泄物、面部痉挛Purulent discharge f

4、rom eyes and severe blepharospasm 会阴、大腿内侧、腹侧皮肤有带痂的湿疹Skin of perineum, inner thighs and flanks becomes moist with scabs严重脱水和消瘦Severe dehydration & emaciation斜卧，6-12天内死亡Recumbency and death in 6 12 days诊断Diagnosis依据临床症状和地理特点Based on clinical signs and geographic location通过实验室诊断Confirmed by laboratory

5、procedures鉴别诊断Differential Diagnosis口蹄疫FMD病毒性腹泻病毒/风牛病BVD/MD牛恶性卡他性粘膜炎Bovine Malignant Catarrh 蓝舌病绵羊-山羊Bluetongue - sheep & goatsPeste Des Petits Ruminants sheep & goats实验室和病理学诊断Laboratory and PathologyAGID技术和 PCR探针等技术测定病毒抗原Confirm clinical diagnosis by detection of virus antigen by AGID technique or

6、PCR probes治疗Treatment支持疗法None other then supportive预防Prevention & Control无疫病国家Rinderpest-free countries防止从高发区进口动物Prevent importation of animals (including zoo animals) from high-risk countries建立疫苗接种动物隔离带Barrier zone of vaccinated animals at high-risk land borders若爆发屠宰，焚烧，同时接种动物If outbreak occurs sla

7、ughter and burn and vaccinate if unable to contain生物安全和围堵政策Bio-security and containment measures地方流行性国家Enzootic countries全部接种易感动物，90%免疫状态Vaccinate all susceptible animals annually until 90% immune status achieved下一年度接种全部犊牛Vaccinate all calves then repeat the following year疫苗Vaccines疫苗有时会有不利影响，特别是英国牛和青年牛Vaccines can cause severe adverse reactions especially in British breeds and young animals 初乳免疫持续4-8月Colostral immunity lasts for 4-8 months疫苗有时会出现免疫抑制现象Vaccines are immuo-suppressive 疫苗均为灭活苗All va