高级口译听力原文与答案解析

1、 /2009.913高级口译真题9.13高口Spot Dictation(精准版)For more than two centuries, Americas colleges and universities have been the backbone of thecountrys progress. They have educated the technical, managerial and professional work force andprovided generation after generation of national leaders. Today, educat

2、ors from around thecountry are up to find many reasons for the excellence of American universities. But four historicActs stand out as watersheds.First , education for the mass. In 1862, Congress enacted the Land Grant College Act, whichessentially extended the opportunity of higher education to all

3、 Americans, including women andminorities. Each state was permitted to sell large tracts of federal land, and use the proceeds toendow at least one public college.Second, competition breeds success. Over the years, the decentralization and diversity of theAmericas colleges and universities have prom

4、oted competition for students and resources.Competitive pressure first arose during the Civil War when president Lincon created the NationalAcademy of Science to advise Congress on any subject of science and art. The Academys impactreally grew after world war II when a landmark report commissioned b

5、y the then president arguedthat it was the federal governments responsibility to provide adequate funds for basic research.Instead of being centralized in government laboratories, scientific research became decentralizedin American universities and generated increasing investment. It also gave gradu

6、ate studentsresearch opportunities and helped spread scientific discoveries far and wide, to the benefit ofindustry, medicine and society as a whole.Thirdly, investing in the future. The end of World War II saw the passage of the servicemensReajustment Act of 1944. The law, which provided for a coll

7、ege or vocational education for /returning veterans, made the higher education systmen accessible in ways that were inconceivablein Europe, opening the doors of best universities to men and women who had never dreamed ofgoing to college.Finally , promoting diversity. The creation of federal loan and

8、 subsidy programs as well asoutright grants for college students brought much needed diversity to high eduction and furtherhelped to democratize access. Since its founding in 1965, the Federal Family Education LoanProgram has funded more than 74 million student loans worth more than 180 billion doll

9、ars.首发：新东方 9.13高口SD答案1.managerial and professional2.excellence of American cation for the mass4.women and minorities5.one public college6.decentralization and petition for students and resources8.the National Academy of Smissioned vide adequate funds11.scientific research be

10、came decentralized12.gave graduate students research opportunities13.to the benefit of industry14.investing in the future15.for returning veterans16.were inconceivable in Europe /17.never dreamed of going to college18.loan and subsidy programs19.helped to democratize access20.more than 180 billion d

11、ollars9.13高口News(精准版)London, the United KingdomThe left-leaning think tank, the Institute for Public Policy Research, IPPR, has warned the UKchancellor not to use green taxes to plug the hole in government finances. Its new research showsthat government could gain3.5 billion a year through a carbon

12、tax on homes and vehicles. ButIPPR says this would harm the poor unless ministers give back all the cash in the form of benefits,tax breaks and home insulation. IPPR has developed a computer model to assess the benefits anddrawbacks of environmental taxes. The preliminary findings suggest that taxes

13、 can prove a usefultool in achieving environmental objectives. But IPPR says it would be a mistake to use them toraise money because unless they are counterbalanced, they inevitably hit the poorest hardest andare mistrusted by the public.Munich, GermanyGerman business confidence rose less than expec

14、ted in May as sluggish demand weighed onconstruction and manufacturing, though outlook for the six-month ahead improved, aclosely-watched survey showed. The Munich-based IFO institutes business climate indexincreased to 84.2 points in May from 83.7 points in April. Thats a steady increase from 82.2p

15、oints in March, the lowest level in 26 years. IFO said in release that manufacturers reported apoorer business situation this mouth than in April, but expect improvement in the next six months. /Germanys economy went into recession last fall as the global economic crisis sapped demand forits exports

16、.Washington, the United StatesPresident Obamas tougher new fuel efficiency standards bring industry, environmentalists andstates together to start cutting greenhouse gas emissions from cars. But the reductions wouldrepresent only a drop in the bucket of whats needed to address global warming. White

17、Houseofficials say the proposal would cut greenhouse gas emissions by about 900 million metric tons.Thats the total reduction of pollution from the five model years of cars and trucks covered by theproposal. Environmental Protection Agency chief Lisa Jackson notes that even though thepollution reduc

18、tions are big, theyre dwarfed by the massive challenge of global warming. “Thisaction aloneI dont want to mislead anyoneis not going to change global temperatures.Obviously, it is one step on a long road.”OPEC, AsiaA lowered edge lower last week, oil price rose to61 a barrel Monday in Asia as invest

19、ors eyedan OPEC meeting this week and weighed evidence of a global economic recovery. Trading waslight because US markets are closed Monday for Memorial Day. Benchmark crude for Julydelivery was61.32 a barrel by mid-day on the New York Mercantile Exchange. On Friday, thecontract rose to settle at61.

20、67. Oil has rallied on investor optimism that the worst of the globaleconomic downturn is over. In Asia , there are signs that the drop in exports has bottomed,although the outlook remains murky.LAquila ItalyScores of people were killed and tens of thousands left homeless in central Italy today afte

21、r apowerful earthquake shook a mountain region, severely damaging a historic city and leaving /hundreds feared trapped in rubble. At least 92 people were known to have died , and more than1500 people had been injured, the Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, told a pressconference in LAquila ,

22、 the badly damaged capital of the Abruzzo region, close to the quakesepicenter. The 6.3-magnitude tremor was the countrys deadliest since the Irpinia quake in thesouth in November 1980, which killed more than 2400 people.6.Why has the left-leaning IPPR warned the government not to use green taxes to

23、 raise money?7.Which of the following best describes Germanys current economy?8.Which of the following statement is true about President Obamas proposal about new fuelefficiency standards?9.What price was oil on Monday in Asia?10.At least how many people were known to have died in the recent earthqu

24、ake in central Italy?2009年 9.13高级口译考试 News上海新东方口译研究中心 K语部分涉及。对于新闻涉及环保、经济危、温室气体、石油价格等，我在新东方高口课堂上列举的“十大新闻热点话题”都有。第一则新闻的考点在第一句话，重点在“not to use green taxes to plug the hole ingovernment finances.”21世纪应是绿色、环保的世纪，所以，这一热点话题所涉及的词汇，我在考渗透环保热点词汇中。相信这个话题也将继续“热”下去，。希望参，认真复习这一热点的。 /第二则新闻涉及的是经济危“rose less than exp

25、ected”。经济危。对于新闻，都是大家必须熟知的话题。第三则新闻是奥巴马执政的“绿色思维”，首先，我们应对一些世界政要的人名与时俱进，并且，他的执政思路也可以从他的就职演讲中得。第四则新闻是石油价格问题，是我在课堂上要求大家始终关注的三大话题之一，其他两个为汇率。对，是对数字的考察，比较简单“rose to $ 61 a barrel”。另外，希望大家对 OPEC之类常见组织的英文缩写好好掌握。第五则新闻是关于地震灾祸的消息。是对伤亡人数的考察，比较简单。- “At least 92people were known to have died”Passage Translation1. Ho

26、w to write a good news story? Unless the correspondent is an eye witness, it is rare to trustany single source. Rumor and gossip can confuse the situation. So you have to check informationas much as possible. Using commonsense and experience as final checks to help establish justwhat is likely to be

27、 the truth or close to it. Once the information is avalable, it has to be written inan interesting and easily understood way. Particularly for a radio, since while a newspaper readercan turn back and reread a sentence or two, the radio listener has only one chance. So there shouldbe an element of re

28、petition.如何写一篇好的新闻？除非是亲临现场的记者，否则不要相信任何消息。谣言传闻容易。一旦信混淆视。所以你必须尽可能核实信息。利用常识息可采用，必须将其写得易懂、有趣，特别对于广播被读者反复阅读，而收音，因为报纸的一页或一两句话可以，所以写作时可以略。2. Volvo, Swedens largest car-making group, has announced plans to make 500 staff redundant atits U.K. based subsidiary in Scotland. The redundancies are part of a move

29、by Volvo to improve /productivity. But the news of redundancy has been badly received here in Scotland. I spoke tosome of the workers at a Volvo subsidiary factory. They say these are unnecessary job losses. Itsdevastating. It will destroy entire communities. Volvo strongly denies that communities w

30、illcollapse as the result of the job losses. They say they will improve investment and business. Thegroups cost-cutting measure also extends to Spain, where they will make job cuts at its othersubsidiary factory, which employed 30.000 people.沃尔沃这一瑞典最大的汽车，宣布计划在苏格兰的英国分公司裁。但在苏格兰这一消息却反，这样很可怕，会影500人。这一裁。

31、我沃尔沃分公司的工人谈过，他们说裁。沃尔沃强烈否认裁。他们说他们会改进投资。集团的，那里的分公司将在 30000名。2009-9-13高口句子/37432702_d.html首发：新东方 FLO发布 9.13高口阅读 P1评新东方口译研究中心祁慧2009秋季高口 Section 2第一篇文章解高口阅读 Section 2的第一篇文章相对于后面的文章而言比较简单，这对稳定考生情绪是很有帮。第一篇文章主要是阐述在金融危HR在下岗裁，所以这类文章依然是最近我们在新东方口译课堂上反复强。调的有关金融危所带以下是对具体文章的解。 /Talk about timing. Your question arr

32、ived in our in-box the same day that we received a notefrom an acquaintance who had just been let go from his job in publishing, certainly one of theindustries that is facing, as you put it, “extreme change.” He described his layoff as a practicallyOrwellian experience in which he was ushered into a

33、 conference room to meet with anoutplacement consultant who, after dispensing with logistics, informed him that she would callhim at home that evening to make sure everything was all right.第一段以特写类新闻体的常见手法，例子入手，引出了文章要讨论的话题：如何对待下岗。碰，出题者通常会在此安插一道例子，Q1以 Why开头+具体的例子，所以可以当即判断是例子偏颇。，做此类题目一定要结合文章主旨才不会产生“I a

34、ssured her I had friends and loved ones and a dog,” he wrote, “and since my relationshipwith her could be measured in terms of seconds, they could take care of that end of things.”“Memo to HR: Instead of saddling dismissed employees with solicitous outplacement reps,” henoted wryly, “put them in a r

35、oom with some crockery for a few therapeutic minutes of smashingthings against a wall.”While we enjoy our friends sense of humor, wed suggest a different memo to HR. “Layoffsare your moment of truth,” it would say, “when your company must show departing employeesthe same kind of attentiveness and di

36、gnity that was showered upon them when they entered.Layoffs are when HR proves its mettle and its worth, demonstrating whether a company reallycares about its people.”此段以 While一词引起，是对上述两段例子的一个总结，引发出下面对下面一句话的思考“layoffs are your moment of truth.” Q2即是对这一句话的句意理解，通常我们讲句意理解题当作这一段的段意总结，因为出题者所需要考生理解的句子多为抽象

37、的引申主题的句子。 /Look, weve written before about HR and the game-changing role we believe it canandshouldplay as the engine of an organizations hiring, appraisal, and development processes.Weve asserted that too many companies relegate HR to the mundane busy-work of newsletters,picnics, and benefits, and

38、weve made the case that every CEO should elevate his head of HR tothe same stature as the CFO. But if there was ever a time to underscore the importance of HR, ithas arrived. And, sadly, if there was ever a time to see how few companies get HR right, it hasarrived, too, as our acquaintances experien

39、ce shows.这篇文章的篇章结，用传统的 first-second-finally平行结人，主题句就是在第一个平行结First。So, to your question: What is HRs correct role nowespecially in terms of layoffs?（主题句）First, HR has to make sure people are let go by their managers, not strangers. Beingfired is dehumanizing in any event, but to get the news from a “

40、hired gun” only makes mattersworse. Thats why HR must ensure that managers accept their duty, which is to be in on the oneconversation at work that must be personal. Pink slips should be delivered face-to-face,eyeball-to-eyeball.Q4是对 “pink slips”一词的理解，根据谓语delivered我们可以推知必然是一封信件之类的物，其次，这一段是在讲如何以一种能为，

41、故可推出必然是一封解雇信。Second, HRs role is to serve as the companys arbiter of equity. Nothing raises hacklesmore during a layoff than the sense that some peoplenamely the loudmouths and thelitigiousare getting better deals than others. HR can mitigate that dynamic by making sureacross units and divisions tha

42、t severance arrangements, if they exist, are appropriate and /evenhanded. You simply dont want people to leave feeling as if they got you-know-what. Theyneed to walk out saying: “At least I know I was treated fairly.”Finally, HRs role is to absorb pain. In the hours and days after being let go, peop

43、le need tovent, and it is HRs job to be completely available to console. At some point, an outplacementconsultant can come into the mix to assist with a transition, but HR can never let “the departed”feel as if theyve been sent to a leper colony. Someone connected to each let-go employeeeithera coll

44、eague or HR staffershould check in regularly. And not just to ask, “Is everything O.K.?”but to listen to the answer with an open heart, and when appropriate, offer to serve as a referenceto prospective employers.Three years ago, we wrote a column called, “So Many CEOs Get This Wrong,” and whilemany

45、letters supported our stance that too many companies undervalue HR, a significant minoritypooh-poohed HR as irrelevant to the “real work” of business. Given the state of things, we wonderhow those same HR-minimalists feel now.If their company is in crisis or their own career perhaps at last theyve s

46、een the light. HRmatters enormously in good times.It defines you in the bad.总而言之，言而总之，只要考生能够把握住 Feature类型文章的写作特点，谨记各类题型的解题技巧，第一篇文章大满贯是没有问题的。首发：新东方 FLO发布 9.13高口阅读 P4评新东方口译研究中心 Florence /相对于第一篇文章，第二篇文章难度骤然而升，该文章出自于 2009年 2月 13日基督教箴言报的一篇关于“碳税，减缓全球变暖”的报道，所以环保类绿色话题也是新东方课堂上重点提及的话题之一。值得庆幸的是该篇文章中第 9题的词义理解题“

47、shore up”恰恰是今年模考的一道题目，当时模考的答案是 prop up支持，这里应该选择（c）to give support to。相信参同学在看！下面我想请考生注意这篇文章的写作手法，这篇文章是在对比 carbon taxcap and trade program。考生要在第一遍读文章的时候分清楚正反观点，作者是支持碳税，反对所谓的 cap and trade措施的。请考生们尤其要关注于段首的一些表示起承转合的连接词，这对于理清文章思路是很有帮重点划出。大家请祥看全文。，这些词我已经用横线Sen. Barbara Boxer of California announced this m

48、onth she intends to move ahead withlegislation designed to lower the emission of greenhouse gases that are linked by many scientiststo climate change. But the approach shes taking is flawed, and the current financial crisis can helpus understand why.The centerpiece of this approach is the creation o

49、f a market for trading carbon emissioncredits. These credits would be either distributed free of charge or auctioned to major emitters ofgreenhouse gases. The firms could then buy and sell permits under federally mandated emissionscaps. If a company is able to cut emissions, it can sell excess credi

50、ts for a profit. If it needs to emitmore, it can buy permits on the market from other firms.Cap and trade, as it is called（“Cap and trade”一词的意思其实也就是上面一段的具体解释：就是如，它可以通过销售配额。如放量，它也可以从市场上购买其他公司配额。）, is advocated by several policymakers, industry /leaders, and activists who want to fight global warming.

51、 But its based on the trade of highlyvolatile financial instruments: risky at best.The better approach to climate change? A direct tax placed on emissions of greenhouse gases.The tax would create a market price for carbon emissions and lead to emissions reductions or newtechnologies that cut greenho

52、use gases. This is an approach favored by many economists as thefinancially sensible way to go. And it is getting a closer look by some industry professionals andlawmakers.该段的自问自答句子“有更好的？直接在温室气体排放上征税吧。”直接引出了解决全球变暖的手法就是征收碳税。At first blush, it might seem crazy to advocate a tax increase during a major

53、 recession. Butthere are several virtues of a tax on carbon emissions relative to a cap-and-trade program.“在大萧 ，对碳排放征税有以下若增税看起。但相对于限额干优点。”该段还是以“欲擒故纵”的手法说明了对碳排放的支持。For starters（首先）, the country already has a mechanism in place to deal with taxes（国家有完整的）. Tax collection is something the government has

54、 abundantexperience with. A carbon trading scheme, on the other hand, requires the creation of elaboratenew markets, institutions, and regulations to oversee and enforce it.Another relative advantage of the tax（另一相对优税收的灵活性） is its flexibility. Itis easier to adjust the tax to adapt to changing econo

55、mic, scientific, or other circumstances. If thetax is too low to be effective, it can be raised easily. If it is too burdensome it can be relaxedtemporarily.In contrast（作者在此对比了“限额”项目的弊端，反衬了碳税的重要性）,a cap-and-trade program creates emissions permits that provide substantial economic value to /firms and

56、 industries. These assets limit the programs flexibility once under way, since marketactors then have an interest in maintaining the status quo to preserve the value of the assets.Whats more（进一步指出该项目的弊端）, they can be a recipe for trouble. As my AmericanEnterprise Institute colleagues Ken Green, Stev

57、e Hayward, and Kevin Hassett pointed out twoyears ago, sudden changes in economic conditions could lead to significant price volatility in acap-and-trade program that would be less likely under a carbon-tax regime.Recent experience bears this out（举例子开始了，我们也稍微放） . Europehas in place a cap-and-trade p

58、rogram that today looks a little like the American mortgage-backedsecurities market-its a total mess. The price of carbon recently fell-plummeting from over $30 toaround $12 per ton-as European firms unloaded their permits on the market in an effort to shoreup deteriorating balance sheets during the

59、 credit crunch.It is this shaky experience with cap-and-trade that might explain an unlikely advocate of acarbon tax. Earlier this year, ExxonMobil CEO Rex Tillerson pointed in a speech to the problemswith Europes cap-and-trade program-such as the programs volatility and lack of transparency-asreaso

60、ns he prefers a carbon tax.That said, new taxes are a tough sell in Washington, which helps explain the currentpreference for a cap-and-trade scheme.Despite this, there are ways to make a carbon tax more politically appealing.（碳税政策引人的地方） The first is to insist that it be revenue neutral. This means