2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市长兴县德清县安吉县高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：1答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。2第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。3考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_some people criticize graffiti for being ugly and destructive, those graffiti lovers still see it as real art.AAs

2、BWhileCOnce DUntil2He _ it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.Amust have doneBmight finishCcould have finishedDcould finish3It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that _ for the death of so many innocent people.Aare blamedBwas to blameCwas blamedDwere to blame4As its economy is

3、maturing，Chinas _a greater role in critical issues like climate and development.Adefining Bassuming Cguaranteeing Dassuring5I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensiveIf you really want to buy them, I will give you a _ of 10 percentAquantityBamountCdiscountDaccount6Cathy is not coming to yo

4、ur birthday party tonight.But she _!Apromised BpromisesCwill promise Dhad promised7By the time he realizes the mistake he _，it will be too late for him to do anything about it.Ahas madeBmadeCmakesDwill make8Im afraid that I cant attend Toms wedding party _ next weekend.Ato be heldBbeing heldCheldDis

5、 to be held9When they first came to the city, my parents often went to neighbors for a talk, just as they _ in the countryside.Awill doBhad doneChave doneDwere doing10It is not surprising the new course on electronic games has attracted many students.Awhat BwhichCthat Dwhere11_ is important in study

6、 is diligence rather than intelligence.AWhichBWhatCWhoDWhen12You didnt let me drive. If we _ by turns, you _ so tired.Adrove; didnt getBdrove; wouldnt getCwere driving; wouldnt getDhad driven; wouldnt have got13When did you return last Friday?It was not until midnight _ it was raining hard.AwhenBwhi

7、chCthatDbefore14- Who is dancing to music in the next room?- _ the children.AIt isBThey areCThat isDThere are15If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you _ be there.AcanBwillCmayDshall16- How did you like the concert last nig

8、ht? - I enjoyed it very much, but the dancers _ a better job.Acould have doneBcouldnt have doneCcould doDhad done17_ many Chinese holidays are directed towards services remembering ancestors, the Ching Ming Festival is beyond doubt the largest.AUnlessBSinceCOnceDWhile18It is what you do rather than

9、what you say _ matters.AthatBwhatCwhichDthis19Some business owners are keen on public welfare. This is local services have been funded.AwhetherBwhatCwhereDhow20The beautiful mountain village we spent our holiday last year is located in is now part of Guangxi.Awhich; whereBwhere; whatCthat; whatDwhen

10、; which第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Plants on Earth have grown for hundreds of millions of years, yet President Donald Trumps pick to lead his new climate team insists that they need more carbon dioxide (CO2) to boom.Princeton physicist and carbon dioxide-advocate William

11、Happer has been selected to head the brand new Presidential Committee on Climate Security. The atomic scientist, who achieved recognition for his work on atomic collisions (原子碰撞), not climate science, declared that the planets atmosphere needs significantly more CO2, which is reported to speed up cl

12、imate change. Happer said plants use CO2 to live and more CO2 is actually a benefit to the Earth. He also stressed that Earth is experiencing a “CO2 starvation”, and concludes that “If plants could vote, they would vote for coal.”Earth and plant scientists, however, find Happers insistence that the

13、plant kingdom would benefit from increased CO2 wrong-headed and it lacks evidence. For example, Earths CO2 levels have increased sharply in the last century, and are now at their highest levels in at least 800,000 yearsthough other measurements show CO2 levels are higher than theyve been in 15 milli

14、on years. “The idea that increased CO2 is universally beneficial to plants is very misguided,” Jill Anderson, an evolutionary ecologist specializing in plant populations, said in an interview. Data shows the evolution of global average temperature and CO2 concentration from 1850 to 2019. Though 2019

15、 is a bit cooler than recent years, it still is one of the warmest years ever and lies close to the trend line of global warming.Both independent academic organizations and government agencies around different parts of the world concluded more CO2 will bring many negative impacts to plant environmen

16、ts. And they added that “If someone is going to claim it is good, its necessary for them to show evidence.”1、Why does Happer think plants need more CO2?APlants vote for more CO2.BCO2 speeds up climate change.CPlants need more CO2 to live.DCO2 is actually a benefit to the Earth.2、What can be inferred

17、 from paragraph 3?A2019 is a bit warmer than recent years.BCO2 levels must be the highest in history.CThe plant kingdom must benefit from increased CO2.DThere are adequate evidence to support Happers insistence.3、What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably refer to?AMore CO2.BT

18、he plant.CThe world.DThe US government.4、The authors attitude in writing this passage can be described as _.AcriticalBobjectiveCpositiveDnegative22（8分） Microplastics are small plastic pieces that have accumulated in the marine (海洋的) environment following decades of pollution. These pieces can cause

19、significant issues for marine creatures that ingest them, including inflammation (炎症), reduced feeding and weight-loss. Microplastic pollution may also spread from organism to organism when one creature is eaten by others. Since the pieces can bind to chemical pollutants, these associated poisons co

20、uld accumulate in predator species.Mesopelagic (中层的) fish serve as a food source for a large variety of marine animals, including swordfish, dolphins, seals and sea birds. Typically living at depths of 2001,000 meters, these fish swim to the surface at night to feed and then return to deeper waters

21、during the day. Through these upright movements, mesopelagic fish play a key role in the cycling of carbon and nutrients from the surface to the deep seaa process known as biogeochemical cycling. This means they could spread microplastic pollution throughout the marine ecosystem, by carrying micropl

22、astics from the surface down to deeper waters, affecting deep-sea organisms.To investigate this further, researchers set out to catch fish in a remote area of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. The researchers caught mesopelagic fish at varying depths, and then examined their stomachs for microplastics b

23、ack in the lab. They used a particular air filter so as not to introduce plastic fibers in the air from the lab environment.The team found a lot of microplastics in the fish stomachs. As the researchers were extremely careful to clear pollution with fibers from the air, they were confident that the

24、fish had eaten the fibers in the sea all over the world.The researchers plan further studies to learn more about how these fish are ingesting and spreading microplastics. It will be particularly interesting to see whether the fish eat these microplastics directly as mistaken foods, or whether they e

25、at them through eating other species, which have previously eaten the microplastics.1、What does the underlined word “ingest” in paragraph 1 mean?AAttack.BSwallow.CIgnore.DAvoid.2、What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AHow deep-sea fish feed themselves.BWhy Mesopelagic fish are important.CHow micro

26、plastics spread to deep sea.DHow dangerous microplastics are to the sea.3、What conclusion did the researchers draw from the study on mesopelagic fish?AFish in the remote area are safe to eat.BPlastic fibers in the air may enter fish.CThey are all polluted by microplastics.DMesopelagic fish live at v

27、arying depths.4、What will further studies focus on?AIn what way microplastics enter Mesopelagic fish.BHow seriously microplastics affect sea creatures.CWhether fish with microplastics harm humans.DHow microplastics spread in the deep ocean.23（8分）Until recently, voice cloning or voice banking, as it

28、was then known was a customized industry which served those at risk of losing the power of speech to cancer or surgery. Synthesizing（合成） a voice was a long and expensive process. It meant recording many phrases, each spoken many times, with different the history of the KidPass blog emotional emphase

29、（s重音）and in different contexts (statement, question, command and so forth), in order to the tips on writing good articles online cover all possible pronunciations.Not any more. Software exists that can store pieces of recorded speech which is merely five milliseconds long, each marked with a precise

30、 pitch（音高）. These can be put together to make new words, and adjusted individually so that they fit harmoniously into their new sonic homes. This is much cheaper than conventional voice banking, and permits novel uses to be developed.This year Vivo Text plans to release an app that lets users select

31、 the emphasis, speed and level of happiness or sadness with which individual words and phrases are produced. Mr. Silbert refers to the emotive quality of the human voice as “the ultimate instrument”. Yet this power also troubles him. Vivo Text licenses its software to Hasbro, an American toymaker ke

32、en to sell increasingly interactive playthings. Hasbro is aware, Mr. Silbert notes, that without safeguards a naughty child might, for example, type impolite words on his mothers smartphone in order to see a younger sibling burst into tears on hearing them spoken by a toy using mums voice.More troub

33、ling, when tested against voice-biometrics software like that used by many banks to block unauthorized access to accounts, more than 80% of the fake voices tricked the computer. Alan Black, one of Festvoxs developers, thinks systems that rely on voice-ID software are now “deeply, fundamentally insec

34、ure”.Dr. Saxena and his colleagues asked volunteers if a voice sample belonged to a person whose real speech they had just listened to for about 90 seconds. The volunteers recognized cloned speech as such only half the time (ie, no better than chance). The outcome, according to George Papcun, an exp

35、ert witness paid to detect fake recordings produced as evidence in court, is the appearance of a technology with “enormous potential value for disinformation”.As might be expected, countermeasures to recognize such deception （ 欺 骗 ） are being developed.Nuance Communications, a maker of voice-activat

36、ed software, is working on algorithms（算法） that detect tiny skips in frequency at the points where slices of speech are stuck together. Adobe, best known as the marker of Photoshop, an image-editing software suite, says that it may add digital watermarks to speech synthesized by a voice-cloning softw

37、are called VoCo it is developing. Such technology may help computers recognize suspicious speech. Even so, it is easy to imagine the chaos that might be created in a world which makes it easy to put authentic-sounding words into the mouths of opponents be they colleagues or heads of state.1、Paragrap

38、hs 1 and 2 are mainly about .Asignificant elements influencing voice cloningBpossible applications of voice cloning in realityCcomplexities of creating a synthetic copy of a voiceDdifferences between traditional and existing voice banking2、Whats Hasbros attitude towards Vivo Tests new app?AOptimisti

39、c. BConservative.CUnconcerned. DSubjective.3、The experiment carried out by Dr. Saxena and his colleagues shows that volunteers .Aidentified cloned speech in about 45 secondsBpreferred a real speech to a voice sampleCproved only a little harder to fool than softwareDfound it hard to use the software

40、to record their voices4、What can we infer from the last paragraph?AInvestments should be increased to advance voice cloning.BLong-term measures should be taken to popularize the idea of voice cloning.CDisagreements among firms about the way to treat voice cloning are getting serious.DProblems of voi

41、ce cloning are unavoidable despite the efforts that have been made.24（8分）Three divers enter a hole leading to a water-filled cave on Mexicos Yucatan Peninsula. They swim for an hour. Finally, they reach a large room 60 feet underground and about the size of two basketball courts. Here, they discover

42、 an upside-down human skull (the bones of a persons head). Other bones lay nearby.The team came across the skull in 2007. The divers then told the Mexican government about the finding. Soon the government formed a team of scientists to look into it. The group, which included archaeologist (考古学家) Dom

43、inique Rissolo, believed that the skull belonged to someone who lived in the last ice age. At the ice ages height some twenty thousand years ago, sea levels dropped and new land appeared. Over time, rain and wind ate holes into some of the land.“The person may have died after entering the cave,” Ris

44、solo says. Then, when the ice age ended some ten thousand years ago, sea levels rose. Water flooded the cave, covering the remains.Worrying that moving the skull might destroy it, scientists decided to examine it at its watery resting place. They collected information about the skull and other piece

45、s of bones. They found that the bones belonged to a 15- to 17-year-old girl who lived at least twelve thousand years ago. The team named her Naia after some sea creatures in Greek myths.Naia is the oldest nearly complete human skeleton (骨架) ever found in the Americas. DNA tests showed that shes a di

46、rect ancestor of present-day Native Americans. Naias DNA also matches with people native to Siberia, a part of Russia. Scientists have long thought that ancient people from this area arrived in Alaska during the last ice age. They were the first humans to live in the Americas. And Naia proves how fa

47、r south they went. (Mexico is a country to the south of the US.)In 2014 the scientists decided to bring up Naias skull from the cave to protect it from curious divers. So it was taken to a lab, where it remains today.1、What do we learn about the skull?AIt was left alone in the cave.BIt lay under a b

48、asketball court.CIt drew the governments attention.DIt was discovered by three scientists.2、When did Naia probably live?AAfter the last ice age ended.BBefore the last ice age ended.CBefore the last ice age started.DAt the beginning of the last ice age.3、Why was the skull studied in the cave for seve

49、ral years?AScientists tried to protect it.BThe temperature was fine in there.CIt was against the law to take it out.DIt would help scientists study the cave,4、Who were Naias distant ancestors?AEarly humans in Greece.BEarly humans in Siberia.CEarly humans in Alaska.DEarly humans in Mexico.25（10分）Oh m

50、y God, the robots are taking over! Were doomed! Doomed! Now that Ive gotten that out of my system, its become clear that while we may or may not be doomed, the robots are taking over. The latest example is the governments new guidelines for self-driving cars.Tesla, Google and Uber are already testin

51、g driverless cars in cities across America. Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick is among those predicting that by 2021, self-driving cars will play a big part in urban settings.Nearly 40,000 people died last year in this nation in automobile-related accidents, and we believes driverless cars can sa

52、ve tens of thousands of lives annually.Makes sense. Robot drivers are less likely to get drunk, drive without a license, text while driving or feel agitated at the scene of a pileup. On the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitive cars will react, with walkers constantly dashing into the stre

53、et. Will they jam on the brakes every 10 seconds?But theres a bigger picture. Not only are robots replacing humans behind the wheel, but behind the work desk, in warehouses, senior homes, you name it. Robots arent just taking over in the workplace.The question is, where cant a robot function better

54、than a human? How about writing songs? A robot can go through every combination of notes in record time and come up with a pleasing melody. The lyrics might be a different story. Is a Grammy-winning song co-written by Hank Human and R-3071 in our future?Finally, its only a matter of time until we ha

55、ve robot politicians and presidential candidates. Why not? They can be programmed to be experts in world and domestic affairs and come up with the best solutions without corruption and bad humors.Actually, its too bad such technology isnt available in 2016. Pretty sure the robot would win in a lands

56、lide.1、What does the underlined word “agitated” mean?ATired BCautiousCCareful DAnxious2、What doubt does the writer have about self-driving cars?AHow passengers behave in it.BHow robot drivers get the licenseCHow they avoid crashing into other carDHow they respond to walkers on a busy street3、The las

57、t questions asked in the sixth paragraph reflects the writers .Aconfidence in robots, winning Grammy AwardsBeagerness to listen to songs written by robotsCdoubt about robots ability to write songsDcuriosity about the future Grammy songs4、What might be the most suitable title for the text?ARobots wil

58、l control the world in every fieldBRobots are coming but not soon enoughCRobots are being used in our daily lifeDRobots can drive cars and write music第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago whose h

59、usband died suddenly of a heart attack. About a week after his death, she _ some of her insight with a classroom of students. As the late afternoon sunlight came streaming in _ the classroom windows and the class was nearly over, she moved a few things aside on the _ of her desk and sat down there.W

60、ith a gentle look on her face, she paused and said,Before class is over, I would like to share with all of you a thought _ I feel is very important. Each of us is put here on earth to learn, share, love, appreciate and give of ourselves.and _ of us knows when this fantastic experience will end. It c