云南省昆明市第十中学2022-2023学年高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1President Xi underlines that it is only with joint efforts to keep maritime peace _ build a maritime community with a shared future for mankind.Acan weBwe canCthat we canDthat can we2Please _ your ashes before it fails on the carpet.Acut offBknock offCget offDdrop o

3、ff3This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious due to _ amount of melted pure fresh cream.AequalBgenerousCinsufficientDtiny4That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.Abetrayed, takeBhad betrayed, tookChas betrayed, tookDhas betrayed, take5If you sleep

4、less than seven hours, you are three times more to catch a coldApossibleBcertainlyCprobableDlikely6Only those who have a lot in common can get along well._. Opposites sometimes do attract.AI hope notBI think soCI appreciate thatDI beg to differ7If we forgave criminals, we might become a society of e

5、ndless excuses _ no one accepts responsibility for anythingAwhichBwhereCwhenDas8Im not sure of the reason for the dogs illness, but it _ by eating too much.Amay have been causedBneed have been causedCshould have been causedDmust have been caused9A survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours

6、 of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health.Ashow; areBshows; isCshow; isDshows; are10-My son is addicted to computer games. He is hopeless，isnt he？-Yes，_he is determined to give up and start all over.AifBunlessCthoughDso11My sister _ the baby while Im at yoga.Aarranges Bminds Cassesses12We a

7、re to hold the sports meeting next weekend, _ the air quality becomes better.AwhichBwhenCwhereDwhile13Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears _Aat no time Bat one timeCin no time Dfor the time being14This course is of great interest to students, _ to improve their writing skills.Ahope Bto hopeChop

8、ing Dhoped15Are you free now? I have something important to tell you.OK, _ you make it short. I will have to finish this report before noon.Anow that Bas soon asCevery time Das long as16As teachers we shouldnt accept the argument given by some people _ standardized tests restrict educators too much

9、and take the joy out of teaching.AwhereBwhatChowDthat17The meal itself was not so good_ was boringly brown including vegetables.Anothing BeverythingCanything Dsomething18After a long absence, I went back to college, _ to pick up where Id left off.AhopingBhopeCto hopeDhoped19Some experts fear that to

10、o-early _ to computers will have harmful consequences for childrens development.AexposureBextensionCexhibitionDexpansion20Roger trained hard for the tournament for months, but unfortunately he had to _ due to a knee injury.Apull out Bwork outCtry out Dgive out第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项

11、中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）When I was 5, my father worked the night shift as a nurse in a hospital. He was always carrying his stethoscope (听诊器) so naturally, so I called him “Dr. Saldivar” while I pressed his stethoscope against his chest. But my father, as a humble man, was always correcting me: “I am not a d

12、octor, son, but you can be one.” I grew up feeling like I had no limits because of moments like this, which has helped me take risks personally and professionally in spite of the hardships I had to endure.Being born to Mexican immigrants meant that my parents had to work very hard to provide for my

13、family and I had to learn to struggle through school paperwork on my own, because my parents English was limited and they couldnt always be there motivating us through the process. If I wanted to succeed academically, my perseverance, and strength would be tested.Perseverance, strength and good educ

14、ation are the gateway to success. And this is especially true when you look at the obstacles that Latinos have to overcome to succeed in public schools. For instance, while the national high school dropout (辍学) rate has decreased significantly, we still have the highest dropout rate in the country.

15、We are more likely to live in poverty and attend racially separated schools. These issues create many other problems for Latinos.To help relieve my family burden, I found my first job when I was 14 at a local hotel. Despite the long hours on my new job, I worked hard. Meanwhile, I continually stress

16、ed the importance of getting a respectable education and did everything possible to get one step closer to making my dream a reality.Nearly a decade later, I became the first in my family to graduate from the University of Southern California. Knowing the social, economic, and political struggles th

17、at a community faces, I began to pursue journalism to give the disadvantaged minorities a voice.1、What inspired the author when he was a child?AThe encouraging words from his father.BA nurse in his fathers hospital.CHis curiosity about the stethoscope.DThe hardships he suffered.2、The example in the

18、third paragraph given by the author suggests .Amore Latinos are receiving higher education in AmericaBLatino immigrants are still facing many problemsCAmerican education system is better constructedDracial separation has long been forbidden in America3、The author chose to become a journalist, hoping

19、 to .Ashow his success as a LatinoBenjoy a different lifeCspeak for the disadvantaged LatinosDrepay the sacrifice his parents made4、What does the author try to tell us with his own experience?AImmigration is an approach to personal success.BGood education is a way to successful life.CDisadvantaged L

20、atinos are facing fewer challenges.DAmerican Dream is inaccessible to the Latinos.22（8分）Your 38 Reading List, Provided by Bill GatesMost of us cant live like billionaire Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, but we can read like him. Gates recommended four books in 38though some were published earlier.Le

21、onardo da Vinci, by Walter Isaacson (37)The bestselling biographer of Steve Jobs and Albert Einstein researched deeply into da Vincis contributions beyond art, highlighting the breadth of his scientific, technological, and creative output. “Leonardo nearly understood almost all of what was known on

22、the planet at the time. Thats mostly because of his curiosity about every area of natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir, by Thi Bui (37)Gates calls this graphic novel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter of Vietnamese refugees who came

23、to America after the fall of Saigon, and becoming a parent inspired her to look into her own parents miserable history. “I was struck by how the experiences Bui illustrates manage to be both universal and specific to their circumstances,” said Gates.Lincoln in the Bardo, by George Saunders (38)Saund

24、ers, a long-time short story writer, won high praise for this novel. The book imagines the ghosts that haunt (萦绕) the basement of Willie Lincoln, Abraham Lincolns son, who died at 11 in real life. “Willies death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding of the grief hes creatin

25、g in other families by sending their sons off to die in battle,” said Gates.Origin Story: A Big History of Everything, by David Christian (38)This new book is by the creator of Big History, a free, online social studies course. It traces history in wide, sweeping movements, starting with the Big Ban

26、g, and it provides, in effect, a short course in modern science. This is a brief history of the universe. “David gets a little stuck on the current economic and political problems in the West, and I wish he talked more about the role innovation will play in preventing the worst effects of climate ch

27、ange,” said Gates.1、Which books refer to the field of science?AOrigin Story and Leonardo da Vinci.BLincoln in the Bardo and Origin Story.CLeonardo da Vinci and The Best We Could Do.DThe Best We Could Do and Lincoln in the Bardo.2、If you are interested in thrillers, whose book will you most probably

28、choose?AWalter Isaacson.BThi Bui.CGeorge Saunders.DDavid Christian.3、Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe Best We Could Do is an autobiography.BLincoln in the Bardo has been warmly received.CDavid Christian talks much about the part that innovation will play.DReaders can only read about Le

29、onardo da Vincis contributions towards art.23（8分）A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow a

30、nd blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度) of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether the

31、re was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6. 1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.They also studied the econ

32、omic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio(比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur p

33、er month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $ 2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate (证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow i

34、n other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, were also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a com

35、parison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors.” Explained Prof Ho.1、Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?ABecause yellow can be seen more easily.BBecause yellow signals a warning of danger.CBecause drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.DBecause people act

36、more quickly in yellow surroundings.2、Whats Prof Hos study based on?APhysical risks taxi passengers experience.BThe economic effect of changing taxi color.CData from Singapores largest taxi company.DPersonal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.3、What do Prof Hos words in the last paragraph suggest?A

37、School buses should be painted yellow.BTheir findings are worth popularizing.CTheir study will be furthered.DYellow should be widely used in public transport.4、What can be the best title for the text?ACaution: yellow taxis ahead BSafer to ride in yellow taxisCWhy are yellow taxis preferred? DHow can

38、 colors help prevent accidents?24（8分） An experimental cleanup device called RemoveDEBRIS has successfully cast a net around a dummy (仿真的) satellite, imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first succe

39、ssful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.Millions of pieces of junk are turning around in orbit, the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space cle

40、an. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a satellite can cause critical damage.Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area.The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the U. K.s

41、Surrey Space Center and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. and Frances ArianeGroup.Guglielmo Aglietti, the director of Surrey Space Center, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the

42、debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coming months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a specific piece

43、of debris.Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, said the success of this weeks experiment was exciting, but he cautioned against “over- publicizing” it.There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational cleanup tasks are underway, he said

44、, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects.Aglietti, the Surrey professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said “The challenge will lie in persuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks.” Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup t

45、asks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.1、What is the use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite?ADemonstrating space technology.BImitating a developing technique.CCollecting wastes existing in space.DSymbolizing great progress in space.2、How does the RemoveDEBRlS satel

46、lite work?ABy throwing a net to take the junk from orbit.BBy fastening it to the main satellite tightly.CBy dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.DBy targeting large pieces of junk carefully.3、What does the underlined word “sponsor” in the last paragraph probably mean?AAccomplish.BSupport.COppose

47、.DProvide.4、Whats the best title for the text?AThe RemoveDEBRIS Project Is PerfectBHow RemoveDEBRIS Is Invented in the LabCWhy the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is InventedDSatellite Collects Space Junk for the First Time25（10分）What makes a family? How do family memembers get along with each other? Japanes

48、e director Hirokazu Koreeda tries to answer these questions in his films.His laterst film, Shoplifters, is about his favrite topic family relations. With this film, Koreeda won this years Palme dOr (金棕榈奖), the Cannes Film Festivals top honor.Shoplifters tells the story of a poor family living in Tok

49、yo. Three generations living under the same roof survive by stealing from local shops.Obviously, what they are doing is wrong. But the director focuses more on the heartwarming details of the familys daily life, according to The Playist. Koreeda shows how the family memebers love and support each ot

50、her. For example, the family plans a beach trip for the youngest sister. They carefully pick out swimwear for the girl. At the beach, they play happily. The girl draws a picture to help her remember their time together.This causes viewers to forget about their moral judgments(道德审判).This is another f

51、eature of Koreedas filming style. He is good at presenting ordinary life. Its slow and full of small details sometimes its even boring. But there is tension(冲突) present as well. In Shoplifters, the surprise is that the family memembers dont actually have blood ties to each other, but they are still

52、closer than a real family. They all have their own stories.In Japan and most other Asian countries, blood ties are what defines (定义) family. But Koreeda questions that by looking at different kinds of relations.1、How does the family in the Shoplifters make a living?ABy drawing pictures. BBy working

53、in local shops.CBy begging from neighbors. DBy stealing from the local stores.2、What is the feature of Koreedas filming style?ANo tension present at all.BBeing full of small boring details.CFocusing on the hard time of poor families.DShowing ordinary life through the details of daily life.3、What doe

54、s Koreeda want to show us in the movie?AThe meaning of a family.BHow to get long with our families.CThe ordinary life in a Japanese family.DThe different relationship in a poor family.4、This passage is mainly about _.Afamily relations Ba film directed by KoreedaCa famous Japanese director Dfeatures

55、of Koreedas films第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）Wherever in the world youre reading this right now, you will be aware of just how mixed modern society has become in terms of race. Within the UK, mixed-raced children are the largest 1 ethnic minori

56、ty. Bringing home a partner of a different 2 to yourself is no longer viewed as, “strange” or “different” in a lot of families. When Joseph brought home Hari, the 3 that she was of Indian parentage was never even talked about she made him happy. They made each other happy. And that was all that 4 Bu

57、t the reason why they were together for 11 years before they got 5 is that Hari was afraid of telling her 6 about the person that shed fallen in love with. She was afraid of the consequences it would 7 for her younger sisters. Would they be packed off to India? Would they end up in arranged 8 they m

58、ay not want? At 22 years old, when she first fell in love with him it was a large burden to 9 But she loved him, and 10 they moved in together and then bought a house by the Brighton coast, where they have 11 for almost 8 years. All the while her parents didnt know. Her sisters did, and they too lov

59、ed Joseph they 12 him as the brother theyd never had.But after nine years together, she finally had to tell her father (her mother 13 away a few years ago). We were on tenderhooks（惶恐不安）the weekend she went up North to tell him.It was emotional and as a family we were worried. Hari had been 14 of our

60、 family for so long, we felt for her. We knew how 15 it would be. She loved her father, but knew this would hurt him, who was a very traditional Sikh man.1、AgrowingBslowingCreducingDageing2、AsexBraceCcitizenshipDnationality3、AfactBideaCstatementDnews4、AworkedBmeantCexistedDmattered5、AreunitedBaccept