双重谓语的用法2014年6月12日

1、双重谓语的用法2014年6月12日双种谓语语言现象讲解在英语中，有时某些实意动词可兼作系动词，在句中具有既表行为又表状态的双重作用。这种有双重作用的谓语我们称之为双重谓语Double Predicate。由于这种双重谓语有其自身的特点，与系表谓语又有所区别，学习时应特别注意。 双种谓语语言现象讲解一、双重谓语的形式与特点： 双重谓语的根本形式是：行为动词表语说明主语从事该行为时所处的状态，用作双重谓语的动词多为那些表示位置移动变化的行为动词。如：return，leave， go，come，arrive，start等。其具体的构造形式主要有以下几种：双种谓语语言现象讲解【1】动词形容词 He l

2、eft this morning very gayHe was very gay when he left this morning上午离开时，他很开心。 双种谓语语言现象讲解 . Mr. Smith lay ill in bed. =Mr.Smith was ill when he lay in bed斯密斯先生卧病在床。双种谓语语言现象讲解All the time she sat silent in the corner.=All the time he was silent when he sat in the corner她一言不发地坐在角落里。. The day dawned mis

3、ty and overcast.=It was misty and overcast when the day dawned这天天亮时雾气很重，天上布满了乌云. Holding the note in the hand, he stood there dumbfounded.=Holding the note in the hand, He was dumbfounded when he stood there他手拿钞票，站在那里目瞪口呆。Sighing, he dipped his brush and passed it along the topmost board.and sat dow

4、n on a box discouraged.他叹了口气，用刷子蘸了灰浆，顺着顶上一层木板刷过去就在一只木箱上垂头丧气地坐下来了。双种谓语语言现象讲解She lay there motionlessShe was motionless when she lay there她躺在那儿一动不动。 双种谓语语言现象讲解【2】动词名词 She left a shy girl and returned a young motherShe was a shy girl when she left and a young mother when she returned她离开时还是一个害羞的女孩，回来时却是

5、一位年轻的母亲。 He died a martyr to the cause of the revolution.=He was a martyr to the cause of the revolution when he died他为革命事业牺牲了。 They parted the best of friends.=They were the best of friends when they parted他们极其友好地分手了。 She left a child and came back a mother of three children.=He was a child when sh

6、e left and he was a mother of three when she came back她去时是一个孩子，回来时己是三个孩子的妈妈了。He died a poor man.=He was a poor man when he died 他死时很穷。. Lincoln was born a poor farmers boy and died president of the United States.Lincon was a poor farmer when he was born and a president of the United States when he d

7、ied林肯出生时是一个贫苦农夫的儿子，死时那么是美国总统。双种谓语语言现象讲解He lived a hero and died a martyrHe was a hero when he lived and a martyr when he died他生前是英雄，死后为烈士。 双种谓语语言现象讲解【3】动词介词短语 He died in despairHe was in despair when he died他死时非常绝望。 双种谓语语言现象讲解He left in tearsHe was in tears when he left他离开时眼含泪水。 双种谓语语言现象讲解He ran int

8、o the room out of breathHe was out of breath when he ran into the room他冲进房间时已是上气不接下气。 双种谓语语言现象讲解【4】动词分词短语 They lay there chattingThey were chatting when they lay there他们躺在那里聊天。 双种谓语语言现象讲解He wandered wonderingHe was wondering when he wandered漫步时，他在冥思。 双种谓语语言现象讲解He came home exhaustedHe was exhausted

9、when he came home他回家时已是筋疲力尽。 双种谓语语言现象讲解He came running (He was running when he came )他是跑着过来的双谓语构造与系表构造的区别双谓语构造与系表构造的区别一双谓语构造去掉后面的形容词句子意思仍然完整，而系表构造去掉形容词那么句子意思不完整1. She married young.她出嫁时年龄不大。去掉young，She married.句子意思仍然完整。 2. He remained silent. 他仍一言不发。去掉silent，He remained句子意思不完整。.双谓语构造与系表构造的区别 二双谓语构造最

10、为常见的时态是一般过去时，而系表构造的时态可因情况不同而比较灵活。He died a poor man.=He was a poor man when he died他死时很穷。双谓语构造与系表构造的区别三判断一个句子是否是双谓语构造可以用连系动词代替谓语动词的方式来验证：如果一个句子用系动词替代谓语动词不影响原句意思的那么为系表构造.如“He went mad.可变为“He became mad.，原句意思不变，那么它为系表构造。而“He came back sick.如变为“He was sick.虽然句子仍旧成立，但意思却发生了改变，“回来的意思消失了，影响了原句的本意，故它属于双谓语构造。四、双谓语构造与实义动词加副词构造的区别双谓语构造与不及物动词加副词构造不同，后者的副词修饰动词，作状语。 1. He came in drunk.他醉醺醺地走了进来。句中drunk是形