译林牛津选修1011课件m10u1grammar and usage

1、Unit 1Grammar and usageDear Tom, Its great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we held a growing-up ceremony for our coming 18-year-old birthday. At first we made an oath that as grown-ups we should have a sense of duty fo

2、r our society from now on. Then we showed our thanks to our parents who had gone through hardships to bring us up and teachers who have been educating us patiently. And our teachers also gave us cards expressing their good wishes to us. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing.

3、 We learned a lot from the activity. I think its very important for us. I will remember the day in my life. Yours, Li HuaObjectivesTo pay attention to the linking words in the letter aboveTo learn something about time sequence words, cause and effect words, contrasting words and addition words Whats

4、 the function of linking words? Links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other. Without these links, it is easy for readers to get confused. These links help readers work out what is going to happen next in a text. What are the four common types of links betwe

5、en sentences? time sequence wordscause and effect wordscontrasting words addition wordsTime sequence words show the order of ideas or actions.first(ly), second(ly), finally, to begin with, then, next, earlier/later, after this/that, following this/that, now, in the end, afterwardsDo you know how to

6、plant a tree?First, we need to dig a hole and stand a stick in it. Second, we need to put the sapling into the hole and tie the sapling to the stick. Finally, we need to pad the soil back in the hole and water the area.Example:Cause and effect words show the reasons or results of doing something. si

7、nce, as, so, because (of), due to, owing to, the reason why, in other words, leads to, cause, for one thingas a result, thus, so, therefore, consequently, it follows that, eventually, then, in that caseExample:A: Why do you like the film?B: Well, for one thing, I love the story the film tells. It ma

8、de me believe that true love lasts forever. Also, the splendid performances of the leading actor and actress left a deep impression on me.Contrasting words are used to introduce an idea that is in contrast to the idea mentioned before.however, on the other hand, despite, in spite of, though, althoug

9、h, but, on the contrary, otherwise, yet, instead of, rather, whereas, nonetheless, even though, compared with, in contrast, alternativelyExamples:Last summer, I went to France. This year, I am going to Italy instead.It is not hot today; on the contrary, it is cold.On the one hand, the company has be

10、en polluting the river; on the other hand, it is paying to clean it up.Addition words introduce additional information.in addition, and, similarly, likewise, as well as, besides, furthermore, also, moreover, and then, too, not onlybut, even, besides this/that, on top ofExamples:On top of his toothac

11、he, he got a high fever.To make the perfect tree house requires several things, but, above all, you must collect the necessary materials.I dont like this cloth and, furthermore / in addition / moreover, it costs too much.TimesequenceCause and effectContrastingAdditionOtherduring the 1970s and 1980s;

12、 as there-fore;as a resulthowever;instead;butmore-overin fact;as long as;stillRead and fill in the tablePage 9 (A)Read and fill in the blanks.B (1) so (2) First (3) Second (4) Third (5) However (6) For one thing Page 9 (B)1. Id like to go home now. Why not stay here for the night? It is so late now.

13、 _, it is raining so hard. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Instead D. As a result2. I cant tell you the exact time when I will get there. _, Ill be there as early as I can. A. No matter B. Anyhow C. Therefore D. BesidesI. Multiple choice3. You have made a few spelling mistakes in your composition, but _,

14、 it is fairly good.A. on the whole B. generally speaking C. above all D. on one hand4. When did you first meet Tom? On May 2, _, the first day I came to this city.A. or rather B. at least C. on the whole D. in a word5. He came home after midnight, and _, he was drunk. That made his parents very angr

15、y.A. what is more B. on the other hand C. in my opinion D. in another word6. I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident. _, lets go and see him.A. Whats more B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessary7. This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others. A. above all B. first

16、of all C. in all D. after all 8. What he said, , has nothing to do with what he did. A. to my surprise B. to my surprised C. to my surprising D. to our surprises 9. his face, the young man must be over 20. A. Judged from B. Judged C. Judging from D. Judging 10. Do you think I should get a good guide

17、book? Yes, of course. _ , you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. (04北京春)A. Whats more B. In other wordsC. By the way D. All in all11. Im afraid Mr. Wood cant see you until 4 oclock. Oh, _ I wont wait. A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way 12. _ your assistance, he finis

18、hed the job in only two hours.A. Owing toB. OwingC. Owed toD. Owed13. _ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide. A. In spite of B. On account of C. Regardless of D. Instead of 14. I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I succeeded _. A. first all B. in al

19、l C. at all D. after all 15. The idea of fish being able to produce electricity strong enough to light a lamp is almost unbelievable, _ several kinds of fish are really able to do this. A. therefore B. and C. then D. but It is usual for students to find part-time jobs.This winter vacation, I worked

20、as a waiter at a McDonalds. It was the first time that I had earned money by myself. With the money I could buy something I needed. I was quite excited about it.II. 连句成篇: 用适当的关联词把下列句子连成一篇意思通顺的短文I neednt ask my parents for money as before. I think its helpful for a student to know about the outside w

21、orld and I also think that will help me to make preparations for the future job. I understand the value of money.I know how to get along with others. I had a fruitful vacation. Nowadays, it is usual for students to find part-time jobs. This winter vacation, I worked as a waiter at a McDonalds. It was the first time that I had earned money by