上海市同济中学2022-2023学年高考临考冲刺英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷请考生注意：1请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用05毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项，按规定答题。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The disaster-stricken village was inaccessible _ by helicopter, and the storm added to the rescuers difficulty.Ainstead ofBother thanCrather tha

2、nDregardless of2We had wanted to surprise Father with a birthday gift, but my sister _ by asking him what he would like.Alicked her lips Bate her wordsCspilt the beans Dpulled his leg3After I left _ Linchuan No.2 Middle School, I began college classes in _ September 2010.Aa; theB不填; theCthe; theD不填；

3、不填4The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a livingAthatBwhenCwhereDwhich5Peter has spent too much time on novels recently.That may _ his poor grade in the exam.Aaccount for Banswer forCapply for Dstand for6_ is important in study is diligence rather than intelligence.AWhichBW

4、hatCWhoDWhen7The meal itself was not so good_ was boringly brown including vegetables.Anothing BeverythingCanything Dsomething8I feel I am as well-behaved and as careful as my deskmate, but _ I always fall behind?Ahow aboutBhow comeCwhat ifDwhat for9Contrary to popular belief, the ants, hardworking

5、_ they are, have their time for play.AbecauseBwhileCasDwhere10Dont touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they arent covered by skin and can _ the virus more easily.Atake upBpick upCmake upDset up11Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher.Ahow farBhow soonChow

6、 oftenDhow long12I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.AwhoBthatCasDwhat13Upon entering a “new era”, what we now face is the _ between unbalanced and inadequate development and the peoples ever-growing needs for a better life.Aadministration Bviolation Ccontradiction D

7、presentation14-Could you pass me the sugar, please?-OK, _Anever mind Bsounds greatChere you go Dthere it is15It is beyond awkward when everyone around you _ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if its a joke told in a foreign language.Arun intoBbursts outCyells outDfalls into16S

8、he then took the little key, and opened it, trembling, but could not at first see anything _, because the windows were shut.Aplainly Bclosely Cfirmly Dfrequently17It wasnt easy having my friends talk about their freshman years _ I wasnt a part ofAwhomBwhenCthatDwhat18The differences the childrens ac

9、hievements can not be completely explained _ their social backgrounds.Ain front ofBin case ofCin need ofDin charge of19I _ to help you to do homework but I couldnt spare any time. I _ a composition last night and Ill finish it tomorrow.Awanted；wroteBhad wanted；was writingChad wanted；wroteDwanted；hav

10、e been writing20Where on earth have they gone?I have no idea, but I wish I .AknowBknewCwould knowDwould have known第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Construction on Knollys Tunnel began in 1896， and it was opened on August 13th， 1898 by the man it was named after-Sir Clement C K

11、nolly， Acting Governor of Trinidad It linked Rio Claro with Port of Spain Its architecture is still admired and studied today， and many are amazed that Knollys Tunnel has stood up to the earths movement over so many yearsMuch research is being done on the tunnel At the top of Knollys Tunnel are cott

12、ages covered with leaves， where visitors can sit and enjoy the beauty of nature Standing at the beginning of Knollys Tunnel， you can see nothing but the tiny light at the end The train tracks have been removed and replaced with small stones Visitors can drive through the tunnel or walk through， but

13、should do so in groups for safety In the old days， there were no lights， but now there are street lights on the way to the tunnel， though not insideOn your way in， you may notice some manholes on the walls of the tunnel These were there for individuals to step into for safety as the train passed Kno

14、llys Tunnel can be accessed through Tabaquite and through Mitchell Gap The road was recently improved， but is better when you enter from Tabaquite， and there are signs on the road directing you to Knollys TunnelOn the drive to Knollys Tunnel there are two other cottages where visitors can sit and ju

15、st enjoy nature At the site itself， there is nothing to purchase to eat or drink， but in Tabaquite there are several bars， a restaurant， and food outlets A gas station and a health centre are also close byFor those who admire architecture， Knollys Tunnel is a must-see when visiting Trinidad For the

16、nature lovers， there is no better place for them to be and for the historians， they can walk or drive through Knollys Tunnel knowing that many of our ancestors toiled （worked hard） on its structure So when you visit Trinidad， dont forget to take a look at Knollys Tunnel!1、Knollys Tunnel is special i

17、n _ Aits environmentBits functionCits locationDits architecture2、The underlined word site in the paragraph 4 refers to _ ATrinidadBTabaquiteCMitchell GapDKnollys Tunnel3、What is the purpose of the passage？ _ATo suggest a visit to Knollys TunnelBTo introduce the history of Knollys TunnelCTo evaluate

18、the value of Knollys TunnelDTo witness the change of Knollys Tunnel4、The passage above is probably taken from _ Aa geography textbookBa travel journalCa sports reportDa health and fitness magazine22（8分）Not so long ago,most people didnt know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become.She was ju

19、st an average high school athlete.There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future.However,one person wants to change this.Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of tru

20、e greatness.Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so,he seemed there was something trying to get out,something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quic

21、kly produced results,and a few year later at Jamaicas Olympic games in early 2008,Shelly Ann,who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world,beat Jamaicas unchallenged queen of the sprint（短跑）.Where did she come from?asked an astonished sprinting world,before concluding that she must be one of th

22、ose one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time,only to disappear again without signs.But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder.At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to wi

23、n the 100 meters Olympic gold.She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton,becoming world champion with a time of 10.73the fourth record ever.Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile.She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fa

24、stest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless,She grew up in one of Jamaicas toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse,where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers.Waterhouse,one of the poorest communities in Jamaica,is

25、 a really violent and overpopulated place.Several of Shelly-Anns friends and family were caught up in the killings;one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived.Sometimes her family didnt have enough to eat.She ran at the school championships barefooted because she co

26、uldnt afford shoes.Her mother Maxime,one of a family of fourteen,had been an athlete herself as a young girl but,like so many other girls in Waterhouse,had to stop after she had her first baby.Maximes early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure tha

27、t her kids would not end up in Waterhouses roundabout of poverty.One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track,and she was ready to sacrifice everything.It didnt take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse.On a summer eve

28、ning in Beijing in 2008,all those long,hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit.The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty,surrounded by criminals and violence,had written a new chapter in the history of sports.But Shelly-Anns victory was far greater than

29、 that.The night,she won Olympic gold in Beijing,the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped.The dark cloud above one of the worlds toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days.“I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said.S

30、he plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons.She intends to fight to make it a womans as well as a mans world.As Muhammad Ali puts it,Champions arent made in gyms.Champions are ma

31、de from something they have deep inside them.A desire,a dream,a vision.One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.1、Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?AHe had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.BHe sensed a great potential in her desp

32、ite her weaknesses.CShe had big problems maintaining her performance.DShe suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.2、What can we infer from Shelly-Anns statement underlined in Paragraph 5?AShe was highly rewarded for her efforts.BShe was eager to do more for her country.CShe became an a

33、thletic star in her country.DShe was the envy of the whole community.3、By mentioning Muhammad Alis words,the author intends to tell us that_.Aplayers should be highly inspired by coachesBgreat athletes need to concentrate on patienceChard work is necessary in ones achievementsDmotivation allows grea

34、t athletes to be on the top4、What is the best title for the passage?AThe Making of a Great AthleteBThe Dream for ChampionshipCThe Key to High PerformanceDThe Power of Full Responsibility23（8分）Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks，there are thr

35、ee basic tools of persuasion：ethos，pathos，and logos.Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy，honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all，youre more likely to listen

36、 to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience cannot trust you，you will not be able to persuade them.Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions

37、. For example，a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear，thus making them support him. Similarly，an animal charity might show an audience pictures of inju

38、red dogs and cats，to make the viewers feel pity. If the audience feels bad for the animals，they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts，statistics，or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up y

39、our claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply sayingbelieve me.Although ethos，pathos，and logos all have their strengths，they are often most effective when used together. Indeed，most speakers use a combination of ethos，pathos，and logos to persuade their audiences. So，the ne

40、xt time you listen to a speech，watch a commercial，or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money，be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.1、Why does the author say persuasion is an art？ _AThey both entertain the audience.BThey both require great skills to achie

41、ve.CThey both demand full attention from the audience.DThey were both common topics of ancient Greek writers.2、How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience？ _ABy expressing her sympathy with the audience.BBy telling the audience about her personal preference.CBy using beautiful language t

42、o make her statements attractive.DBy showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.3、What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion？ _AEthos is the most important aspect of persuasion.BEach aspect has a different effect on the audience.CHonesty is the key to making your argumen

43、ts believable.DPolitical leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.4、An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria”is mainly using _ .Aethos BpathosClogos Da combination of all three24（8分）I have a neighbor we call “H

44、appy”. I have never seen her angry at anything and never heard her say a harsh (苛刻) word to anyone or about anyone.Happy and her husband Ben, 70, have a huge garden. They spent many happy hours together working on it. Most of the neighbors watched interestingly as Ben doubled the size of their garde

45、n. As the cost of food climbed faster than Bens beans, we all wished we also had such a large garden. As the rest of us spent our dollars at the market, Happy could be seen picking beans in her back yard.Last month, Happy and Ben invited most of the neighborhood over for an “all-day food fest”. We w

46、ere told to bring gloves and arrive very early in the morning. We didnt know what was about to take place.By 9:00 am, there were nine of us in the garden picking tomatoes, beans, okra, and squash. By 10:00 am, there was lots of laughter. We shared a lot of stories. By five oclock, everyone was a lit

47、tle drunk from the wine and beer. After dinner, we played games. As we were leaving, Happy and Ben handed each of us a shopping bag filled with the bounty（收成）of the day, already packaged and frozen. What a delightful gift!Well, the point wasnt so much about the food. The true gift was a day of frien

48、ds enjoying one anothers company. None of it would have happened if it had not been for Happy and Bens garden. Now they have a blog about gardening in case we decided to plant a garden. And I am so proud of my tomato plants!1、We can infer that Happy and her husband Ben_.Adont like spending time with

49、 othersBsometimes quarrel with each otherClive on the food they grow in their gardenDare a generous and warm-hearted couple2、According to paragraph 2, people wish they also had a garden so that_.Athey didnt have to spend so much money on foodBthey could grow vegetables and sell at the marketCthey co

50、uld invite their neighbors and hold parties in itDthey could spend happy times together with their family in it3、For what purpose did Happy and Ben invite the neighbors to their garden?ATo ask them to attend a birthday partyBTo help them get to know each other.CTo let them enjoy what they grew in th

51、e garden.DTo ask them to share some interesting stories.4、What did the writer most probably think of the time he spent in the garden?AIt was too long. BIt was wonderful.CIt was not as good as he thought. DIt was too terrible.25（10分）In the story of “The crow and the Pitcher” from Aesops Fables, a thi

52、sty crow (乌鸦)drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement (移位) work to their advantage, experiments show. The results suggest that the birds

53、 are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, presented six crows with tubes filled with water. Inside the tubes, a worm or piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating, just out of reach of the crow. In fro

54、nt of the tubes, the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink, and some plastic objects that would float. The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.However, the birds handled awkwardly in experiments i

55、n which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the sn

56、ack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didnt realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a pe

57、anut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.1、How did the crows get the snack in Sarahs experiment?ABy breaking the tube.BBy dropping in erasers.CBy standing on the wood.DBy removing the wood.2、What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in paragraph 4?AThey were u

58、nable to tell different shapes.BThey dropped objects only into narrow tubes.CThey were not aware of the snack at first sight.DThey mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.3、What does the text mainly focus on?AStories of Aesops Fables.BThe development of crows.CCrows intelligence.DHuman-animal

59、 communication.4、What can we learn from the passage?ACrows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects.BCrows understand water displacement completely.CChimps and children are much smarter than crows.DThe story of “The crow and the Pitcher” lacks evidence.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分

60、）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）Abby Harris has a dream. But unlike most ordinary 15-year-old girls, Abbys dream has 1 to do with expensive shopping, meeting her 2 boy bands or throwing huge parties with her friends. This US teenager wants to be the 3 astronaut to walk on Mars. An