2023版高三一轮总复习英语（人教版）：课时分层作业27

1、PAGE PAGE 13课时分层作业(二十七).阅读理解A(2021武汉市质量检测)Ive consulted several travel experts and found out the top places in the USA worth visiting.Where: New Orleans, LouisianaWhy：New Orleans is known for its music and food scenenot to mention the festivals.It has about 130 festivals each year so theres really n

2、o bad time to visit. Bourbon Street is the obvious choice for food, drink and jazz and its definitely a mustvisit location, especially for firsttimers to the city.Where: Vail, ColoradoWhy：Vail is the perfect destination for travelers looking to find almost everything in one central spot. Stay at the

3、 amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail which is steps away from Vail Village, a popular spot with cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets for wandering leisurely. The countrys largest free transportation system runs frequently, making it easy to access almost anywhere from Vail Village to Lionshead Vill

4、age.Where: Hudson Valley, New YorkWhy：The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation. Just an anhourandahalf drive north of New York City, the Hudson Valley is made up of impossibly charming small towns, where the air is fresher an

5、d things do move slower in the mountains.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国最值得去旅游的几个地方以及它们的特色。1You can enjoy different things in New Orleans except .AsceneryBmusicCfestivalsDfoodA细节理解题。根据Where：New Orleans，Louisiana部分的“Why：New Orleans is known for its music and food scenenot to mention the festivals.”可知，新奥尔良以其

6、音乐、美食及节日闻名，没有提及景色。故A项符合题意。2Which place would you choose if you like wandering leisurely?ABourbon Street.BVail Village.CLionshead Village.DNew Orleans.B细节理解题。根据Where：Vail，Colorado部分的“Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail which is steps away from Vail Village，a popular spot with

7、cobblestone streets for wandering leisurely.”可知，在韦尔村，游客可以在鹅卵石街道上悠闲地漫步，故B项正确。3What can New Yorkers enjoy in the Hudson Valley?AAncient towns.BHealthy diets.CSlow movement.DInner peace.D推理判断题。根据尾段的“The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and

8、 relaxation.”可知，哈德逊谷是纽约人逃离城市去亲近自然、放松一下的地方。再结合最后一句中的“the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains”可以判断，在哈德逊谷人们可以放慢节奏，享受到内心的平静。故D项正确。B(2021盐城市统一考试)Ive been writing since before I could write. As a kid, I dictated stories to my parents. About 12 years ago, I was living in New York City

9、 and pursuing a masters in creative writing. For years Id been suffering vision disorder, but in New York my symptoms worsened. I became unable to read or write for any considerable length of time. I tried vision therapy (疗法), an overhead projector, a special pair of glassesall in vain.Eventually, I

10、 discovered a computer program for the visually challenged. As I typed, my words were read aloud by an automated voice. With my screen dimmed to black, I relied entirely on audio feedback to know what I had written.Facing the blank page is worrying, but facing the black page is worse. The dark scree

11、n is a sinkhole that swallows creative hope. Sentences disappear into it like an astronaut into a black hole. I managed to complete my masters degree, but it took me years to adapt to my new reality. The greatest barrier seemed to be the automated voice, which was like a robot parrot on my shoulder,

12、 and I wanted nothing more than to drive it away. If a pianist were forced to practice on an untuned piano would it corrupt his ear over time?Of course, I could have quit writing and stopped making myself suffer. But it honestly never occurred to meand Im glad it didnt. Last year, after I told my st

13、ory on the radio, I was contacted by VocaliD, a Massachusettsbased company that created a voice modeled on my own.The first time I heard the voice they created, it is so close to my own that the two are nearly indistinguishable. Ive only just begun using this new voice. My hope is that this will res

14、tore a sense of solitude (孤独) to my writing process, allowing me easier access to that inner space where the imagination can take over, and I can forget myself, and the real work can begin.The black screen still existsit always willbut the robot parrot has taken wing.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了一位视力障碍者的写作之路

15、。4What happened to the author when he was pursuing a masters degree in New York?AHis sight started to fail due to much reading.BHis eyes couldnt sustain long hours of reading.CHe had to drop out due to his vision disorder.DHe successfully overcame his vision problem.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I was living in Ne

16、w York City and pursuing a masters in creative writing.I became unable to read or write for any considerable length of time.”可知，作者在纽约攻读创意写作硕士学位时，视力障碍的症状恶化了，不能长时间地读或写，故B项正确。5What still bothered the author after he got his masters degree?AThe untuned automated voice.BThe pet parrot on his shoulder.CTh

17、e computer with a dark screen.DThe noise from a neighboring pianist.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The greatest barrier seemed to be the automated voice.drive it away.”可知，作者觉得最大的障碍似乎是这个自动化的声音，就像一只机器鹦鹉站在他肩上，作者只想把它赶走。故A项正确。6How did the author feel when he first heard the voice created by VocaliD?AExcited.BAnnoyed.CUn

18、moved.DRelaxed.A推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，作者第一次听到VocaliD制造出来的声音时，觉得这种声音和他自己的声音太接近了，几乎无法区分。再结合下文表述的作者开始用这种声音并对它寄予希望可以推知，作者很兴奋，故A项正确。7What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe automated voice is too annoying to bear.BThe author can restore his sight to normal.CThe author starts to enjoy his writing again.

19、DIt is likely that the technology will improve.C推理判断题。根据尾段可知，黑屏仍然存在它将一直存在但这只机器鹦鹉已经飞走了；据此可推知，作者的视力没有恢复，但之前写作时看似最大的障碍已经解决，作者又开始享受写作了，故C项正确。C(2021南昌市八一中学模拟)The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found.Keeping the mind occupied with tasks no matter how meaningless keeps off negative emoti

20、ons, the study found.However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University.In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first, they w

21、ere made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that approximately twothirds (68 students) chose the

22、 lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put.Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had policy implications.“Governments may increase the happiness of i

23、dle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless，” he proposed.At the individual level, he advised,“Get up and do something. Anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it.” He added,“Incidentally,thinking deeply or engaging in selfre

24、flection counts as keeping busy, too.”“You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.”8Keeping busy can make people happy because .Ait can help people get rid of lazinessBit can make people sleep betterCit can help get rid of negative emotionsDit ca

25、n give people a sense of achievement9Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?AThe finding may contribute to politics.BThe officials have taken Prof. Hsees advice.CIn the study half students handed in the first survey nearby.DGovernments can increase citizens happiness by b

26、uilding bridges.10What can we infer from the passage?AEverybody is born to be happy.BOnly by keeping working all the time can you gain happiness.CProf. Hsees finding was published in Psychological Science.DKeeping busy goes against human nature.11What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A

27、To explain what happiness is.BTo advise people not to sit around.CTo advise people to do what they like to.DTo show people how to take life correctly.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了科学家们通过研究发现，使人们快乐的秘诀就是让自己忙起来，有事可做就会提升幸福感。8C推理判断题。根据第一、二段“The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the min

28、d occupied with tasksno matter how meaninglesskeeps off negative emotions, the study found.”(一项研究发现，快乐的秘诀就是让自己忙起来。研究发现，让大脑忙于各种任务，不管它们多么毫无意义，都能抵御负面情绪。)可知，忙碌能让人快乐是因为它可以帮助摆脱不愉快的感觉。故选C项。9A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had policy implications.”(他说，这项发表

29、在心理科学杂志上的研究结果具有政治意义。)可知，这一发现可能有助于政治。故选A项。10D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University.”(而坏消息是，据芝加哥大学行为科学家Christoper Hsee教授说，为了节省能量，人类似乎生来就懒惰。)可推知，忙碌有悖于

30、人的天性。故选D项。11B推理判断题。根据第一、二段“The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the mind occupied with tasksno matter how meaninglesskeeps off negative emotions, the study found.”和最后一段中的“You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.

31、”(你没必要到处跑。你只需要有事忙，无论是身体上还是精神上。)可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了建议人们不要无所事事。故选B项。D(2021福州市质量检测)Can a fish be depressed? This question has been in my head ever since I spent a night in a hotel across from a sadlooking fish.The pleasant woman at the front desk assured me that he was well taken care of. Was I incorrectly

32、assuming his laziness was a sign of being upset?When I sought answers from scientists, I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous, but they did not. New research has been totally shifting the way that scientists think about fish cognition (认知), building a case that pets and owners are no

33、t nearly as different as many assumed. The neurochemistry (神经化学) is so similar that its scary, said Julian Pittman, a professor. We tend to think of them as simple living things, but there is a lot we dont give fish credit for.Dr. Pittman likes working with fish, in part because they are so obvious

34、about their depression. A zebra fish gets dropped in a new tank. If after five minutes it is hanging down in the lower half, its depressed. If its swimming up the top, then its not.Is depression the right word? Theres an obvious issue that we cannot ask animals how they feel, says Dr. Diego APizzaga

35、lli. Neither fish nor rats can catch the entire range of depression as we know it.There is a heated debate about whether “anxious” or “depressed” is a more appropriate term. But what has convinced Dr. Pittman and others over the past ten years is watching the way the zebra fish lose interest in just

36、 about everything: food，toys, exploration, just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn. The same is true of fish.One of the things were finding is that fish are naturally curious and seek novel things out, said Dr. Braithwaite. In other words, your goldfish is probably bored. To help get

37、 rid of depression, she urges introducing new objects to the tank or switching the locations of items.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。最新科学研究发现鱼也会有抑郁情绪，这颠覆了人们以往的认知。12What is paragraph 3 mainly about?AFish are considered simple living things.BPets and owners are always assumed to be the same.CScientists have learnt a

38、lot about fish cognition.DFish and human beings have something in common.D段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“building a case that pets and owners are not nearly as different as many assumed”及“The neurochemistry is so similar that its scary”可推知，该段主要讲鱼和人类有一些共同之处，故选D。13What does the underlined word “withdrawn” in paragra

39、ph 6 probably mean?AQuiet and shy.BHappy and excited.CInterested and careful.DDisappointed and surprised.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“just like clinically depressed people who are withdrawn”可知，该画线词描述患抑郁症的人的特点，结合常识可推知，A项(安静且羞怯)符合语境。14Why can fish become bored according to the text?AThey need oxygen from the air.B

40、They are not born to be curious.CThey lack new things to explore.DThey cant locate the positions of items.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One of the things.seek novel things out”及“To help get rid of depression，she urges introducing new objects”可推知，鱼有厌烦情绪的原因是其没有新奇的事物去探索，因此选C。15What might be the best title for the te

41、xt?AFish Depression Is Not a JokeBFish Can Be a Boring PetCFish Need More Better CareDFish Cognition Does Not ExistA标题归纳题。根据文章首段中的“Can a fish be depressed？”，第三段中的“When I sought answers from scientists, I assumed that they would find the question ridiculous，but they did not.”及第六段中的“The same is true o

42、f fish.”可知，全文的主题是鱼也会抑郁，故A项“鱼会抑郁不是一个笑话”可作文章的最佳标题。.阅读七选五(2021山东部分重点中学综合考试)Criticism (批评) is harmful to healthy relationships. Its okay to express disappointment if someone is behaving in a way that hurts you . 1 The following are some ways to catch criticism before it begins. 2 Before you criticize, p

43、ause and consider whether you really need to say anything at all. If someone did something to get on your nerves, would you really need to point it out? Sometimes, its best to let small rudeness go . Take a few deep breaths and leave the room instead of criticizing.Be realistic. Critical people ofte

44、n have very high expectations of those around them. Your tendency to criticize may come from expecting too much from others. Sometimes you may find yourself consistently annoyed or disappointed with others. 3 Separate the individuals from their actions. Critical people often focus on the negative as

45、pects of a situation or a person, failing to see good qualities alongside negative ones. If you find yourself making assumptions about a persons character, stop yourself. 4 We all behave poorly sometimes, but a single action is not a reflection of the character.Focus on positives. Oftentimes, being

46、critical results from how youre choosing to see a situation. 5 However, the vast majority of people have good qualities that outweigh the bad ones. Try to focus on a persons positive qualities over their negative ones.ANever criticize others.BThink before you speak.CEveryone has drawbacks and imperf

47、ections.DIt may be a good idea to adjust your expectations.EWe should focus on other peoples disappointing actions.FTry to separate a disappointing action from the person doing the action.GBeing overly critical, however, can cause tension in a relationship over time.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种防止批评发生的方法。1

48、G考查上下文衔接。该空前一句说如果有人的行为伤害了你，表达失望是可以的，空后又表达下面是一些在批评开始前将其阻止的方法，空处前后表示语义上的转折，故选G项“然而，过于挑剔会导致一段关系随着时间的推移而紧张”。2B考查段落小标题。该空需要填的是本段的小标题，本段的主要内容为在批评前需要停下来考虑是否有必要说些什么，故选B。3D考查总结句。根据空前内容可知，批判性的人往往对周围的人有很高的期望，批评的倾向可能来自对别人过高的期望，再结合本段小标题可知，D项“调整自己的期望值可能是个好办法”符合语境。4F考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题“将个人和他们的行为分开”可知，F项“尽力把一种令人失望的行为和做

49、这种行为的人分开”与小标题呼应，与此处匹配，故选F。5C考查上下文衔接。空后提到，然而绝大多数人的好品质多于坏品质，尽力把注意力集中在一个人的正面品质上，而不是负面的品质上，故C项“每个人都有缺点和不完美”符合语境。.完形填空(2021武汉市部分学校质量检测)My journey to isolation(隔离)was somewhat accidental.I saw an advertisement for a job as a leader for an expedition(探险) to Antarcticaand I have to 1 it was the penguin in t

50、he ad that 2 my attention.The ad noted that they were looking for someone to lead a 3 of expeditioners in one of the most 4 and isolated places on the planet.I took part in an 5 and then got the job.I knew I would regret if I didnt 6 it.Leading 18 strangers for a full yearthrough months of darkness and with no 7 from the freezing coldI learned some 8 lessons.After the journey，I wrote two bestselling books and became a motivational speaker.Being in isolation m