2023版高三一轮总复习英语（人教版）：课时分层作业7

1、PAGE PAGE 13课时分层作业(七).阅读理解A(2021福州市质量检测)The new year always brings predictions. You know who gets them right?BLUETOOTHIn his futuristic 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury anticipated Bluetooth, describing wireless earphones that allowed for “an electronic ocean of sound, music and talks” to be

2、transferred through the air. Imagine how thrilled he would have been with a Bluetooth toaster! That was the idea behind Griffins Connected Toaster, which warned you via your smartphone when your toast was done. At $100, this baby cost a lot of bread，which may be why it was discontinued just two year

3、s after being launched.SMART WATCHThe Apple Watch lets you chat, play games, and watch videos on a device fastened to your wrist. Cool, huh? The Jetsons thought so. in 1962when Steve Jobs was still in second grade!WIFINikola Tesla called it! In 1909, the famous electrical engineer told The New York

4、Times, “It will soon be possible to send wireless messages all over the world so simply that any individual can carry and operate his own equipment.” No doubt he was thinking of the Krastase Hair Coach brush, which measured brushing speed and employed a microphone to listen to your hair, all to comp

5、ute an overall hairquality score sent to your smartphone.(Alas, it is gone too.)GPSWriter Arthur CClarke (2001：A Space Odyssey) saw a world in which no one got lost. In 1956, he wrote that satellites could make possible a positionfinding grid (坐标方格) whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a

6、couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch. Clarke didnt mention that his system might also track another person, such as a criminal.Last year, the New York City police arrested a robber who was wearing a GPS ankle monitorbecause he was still on probation(缓刑) for a prior crime.【语篇解读】

7、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了过去一些人对科技方面的预测，包括蓝牙和全球定位系统等。1Which of the predictions is the earliest?ABLUETOOTH.BSMART WATCH.CWIFI.DGPS.C细节理解题。根据各种预测的内容可知，C项对应的时间为1909年，而A项对应的时间为1953年，B项为1962年，D项为1956年，故选C。2Why might Griffins Connected Toaster disappear?AToo expensive.BOut of date.CA little awkward.DEnergyconsuming.A

8、细节理解题。根据题干中的Griffins Connected Toaster定位至BLUETOOTH部分，根据该部分中的“At $100，this baby cost a lot of bread，which may be why it was discontinued just two years after being launched”可知，其消失的原因可能是价格太高，故选A。3What was Clarkes prediction?AA GPS ankle monitor.BA robberarresting instrument.CA watch that could see the

9、 world.DAn instrument that could locate a person.D细节理解题。根据题干中的Clarkes定位至GPS部分，根据该部分中的“whereby anyone could locate himself by means of a couple of dials on an instrument about the size of a watch”可知，答案为D。B(2021济南市模拟)The only thing better than receiving a book is getting one delivered by a horse.Caitl

10、in Gooch，the founder of Saddle Up and Read(SUAR)，literally saddles(跨上马鞍) up one of her familys horses and visits primary schools, libraries and youth groups to encourage students to read. The nonprofit in Wendell，North Carolina，also organizes book drives and schoolwide reading competitions.Along wit

11、h her five brothers and sisters，Gooch grew up on a family farm owned by her father.Although he worked as a used car salesman，he built a race track on their 87acre farm，where he hosted races.Gooch said she grew up around 80 horses and felt blessed to have grown up with them.In 2017，Gooch，who had been

12、 working at daycare centers and youth groups，noticed that some of the younger children struggled to read.She decided to work with a local library：Any student who checked out more than three books would be entered into a prize draw.Five names would be selected out of the draw and each received a trip

13、 to visit the horses on the Gooch family farm.It was a hit.Gooch expanded her services by creating her nonprofit，SUAR.When Gooch shared her organizations story on social media，it reached over 70,000 likes in a week.She even got a shout out from Oprah Winfrey，a famous talk show hostess.Shes raised ov

14、er $20,000 from supporters across the world.“Now that its sort of，all eyes on me，theres definitely an opportunity to do something more，”Gooch said.Gooch isnt just encouraging children to read more.Shes also showing them that horseback riders can look like her.Online，shes often referred to as the“Bla

15、ck Cowgirl”“It feels amazing to be that kind of representation，”Gooch said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Caitlin Gooch创立了公益组织“马鞍上阅读”，骑马向孩子们送书，鼓励孩子们阅读，提高阅读能力，她在网上分享了公益组织的故事后，得到了著名脱口秀主持人Oprah Winfrey的支持。4Why does Gooch deliver books on horseback?ATo deliver books quickly.BTo promote family business.CTo get students

16、to read.DTo advertise her organization.C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“who had been working at daycare centers and youth groups, noticed that some of the younger children struggled to read”可知，Gooch注意到一些年龄较小的孩子阅读很艰难，于是和当地的一家图书馆合作推出了旨在促进孩子们阅读的公益活动，故C项正确。5What did Gooch do to help kids with reading difficulties?AHol

17、d reading competitions.BWork with the youth groups.CDonate books to a local library.DOrganize visits to the family farm.D细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Five names would be selected out of the draw and each received a trip to visit the horses on the Gooch family farm.”可知，获奖者可以去Gooch家的农场参观马匹，故D项正确。6What can be learned

18、 about SUAR from paragraph 4?AIt is well received.BIt has made a big profit.CIt needs further expansion.DIt was criticized by Oprah.A推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Gooch创建了自己的非营利组织SUAR，扩大了她的服务，该组织很受欢迎，在社交平台上获得很多赞；据此可以判断，非营利组织SUAR很受欢迎，故A项正确。7What can best describe Gooch?AHonest.BInspiring.CBrave.DPatient.B推理判断题。根据尾

19、段第一、第二句“Gooch isnt just encouraging children to read more. Shes also showing them that horseback riders can look like her.”可知，Gooch不仅鼓励孩子们多读书，还向他们展示骑手可以像她一样。再结合全文内容可以判断，Gooch是一个鼓舞人心的人，故B项正确。C(2021湖南省六校联考)The summer holidays are in full swing and protests have begun in a number of popular European ci

20、ties.Barcelona，in particular，is at the centre of these mounting concerns about the rapid growth of tourism in cities，especially during peak holiday periods.In fact，Destination Barcelona estimates that there were 30 million overnight visitors in 2017，compared to a resident population of 1,625,137.Ove

21、rtourism is not a new problem.While many tourists want to“live like a local” and have an authentic and immersive experience during their visit，the residents of many tourismdependent destinations are seeing the unique sense of place that characterised their hometowns vanish beneath a wave of souvenir

22、 shops，crowds，tour buses and rowdy bars.They are also suffering as local amenities (便利设施) and infrastructure are put under enormous strain.It is a truly global issue.Recently，Thai authorities were forced to act when a number of tourists visiting Maya Bay，the beach made famous by Danny Boyles film Th

23、e Beach, led to shocking environmental damage.Overtourism is harming the landscape，damaging beaches，and putting infrastructure under enormous strain.It can have an impact in multiple ways.The international cruise industry，for example，delivers thousands of passengers daily to destination ports.While

24、comparatively little is returned to communities，the cruise activity creates physical and visual pollution.City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth.As cities transform itself to cater for tourists，the global travel supply chain prospers.This coincides with increasing property speculation a

25、nd rising costs of living for local communities. Airbnb，for example，has been accused of reducing housing affordability and displacing residents.Overcrowding and the establishment of typical tourismfocused businesses，such as clubs，bars and souvenir shops，overwhelm local businesses，and rowdy and unman

26、ageable tourist behaviour is common.This diminishes the unique ambience of destinations and leads to crowd and waste management pressures.Local government and planning authorities have so far been powerless to deal with the overwhelming influence of the global tourism supply chain.This has led to wi

27、despread “touristphobia” first described by Manuel Delgado more than a decade ago as a mixture of repudiation, mistrust and contempt for tourists.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是过度旅游带来的一系列不好的影响。8Whats the purpose of writing the first paragraph?ATo present a phenomenon.BTo introduce the topic，overtourism.CTo g

28、ive readers a vivid description.DTo show the protests in Barcelona.B写作意图题。根据题目定位到文章第一段，通读该段可知，该段主要提到了过度旅游的问题，结合下文主要围绕过度旅游带来的一系列不好的影响展开可知，该段是为了引出主题过度旅游，故B项正确。9The example of Thai authorities shows .AMaya Bay in Thai is a popular tourist destination attracting a great number of visitorsBvisiting famou

29、s places shown in movies is a global phenomenonCtoo many visitors will cause great damage to the local environmentDmany local governments have already taken action to prevent overtourismC推理判断题。根据题干中的“Thai authorities”定位到文章第二段最后一句，由此可知，过多的游客造成了惊人的环境破坏，泰国官方不得不采取行动，由此可推知，泰国官方的例子表明过多的游客会对当地的环境造成极大的破坏，故C

30、项正确。10According to the passage，overtourism will .Aimprove the local cruise industryBmake the local business boomCcause the rising costs of living for the residentsDincrease the business of AirbnbC细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“City residents also bear the cost of tourism growth.This coincides with increasing prope

31、rty speculation and rising costs of living for local communities.”可知，过度旅游会导致居民生活成本上升，故C项正确。11What will the writer most probably talk about in the following paragraph?AMeasures to deal with overtourism.BProblems caused by overtourism.CProtests caused by overtourism.DEnvironmental pollution caused by

32、overtourism.A推理判断题。文章前几段主要讲了过度旅游带来的一系列不好的影响，最后一段提到到目前为止，地方管理和规划部门还无力应对全球旅游供应链的巨大影响，这导致了“游客恐惧症”的蔓延。由此可推知，作者在下段最有可能介绍解决过度旅游的措施，故A项正确。D(2021武汉市质量检测)Never play games with a bot (robot)it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco, has develope

33、d artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hideandseek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools to help win.Bowen Baker at OpenAI and his colleagues wanted to see if the teambased dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to produce skills that could one day

34、be useful to humans.The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated (模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls, movable boxes and ladders，and left them to play team games of hideandseek.The bots each had their own view of the world and couldnt communicate with each other directly.At first, the hi

35、ders simply ran away. But they soon worked out that the quickest way to stop the seekers was to find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. The seekers learned that they could move boxes around and use them to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team playerpassi

36、ng objects to each other or cooperating on a hideoutwas the quickest way to win.But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults. Seekers found that if they pushed a ladder towards a wall, they could launch themselves into the air and spot hiders from above. Hiders f

37、ound that they could get rid of the ladders by pushing them aside.It shows that AI bots are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe theyll even be able to solve problems that humans dont yet know how to.”However,it is a large leap (跳跃) from virtual hideandseek to real problemsolv

38、ing.“The main limitation is that it is in simulation，” says Chelsea Finn at Stanford University.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种通过玩捉迷藏自学合作技能的人工智能机器人，这种机器人还学会了使用基本工具来帮助自己获胜。12Why did Baker and his colleagues conduct the research?ATo teach bots to play games.BTo train bots to use basic tools.CTo find if bots

39、may cheat like humans.DTo see the potential of bots cooperation.D细节理解题。第二段讲到OpenAI的Bowen Baker和他的同事们想看看OpenAI Five人工智能机器人的团队互动能否被用来产生将来对人类有用的技能。由此可知，Bowen Baker和他的同事进行这项研究是为了看机器人合作的潜力。故D项正确。13Whats the third paragraph mainly about?AThe tools of the research.BThe design of the research.CThe competito

40、rs of the game.DThe environment of the game.B段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段主要介绍了研究的设计：研究人员将机器人置于一个充满固定墙壁、可移动的盒子和梯子的模拟环境中，让它们玩团队捉迷藏游戏，且彼此不能直接交流。故B项正确。14What does the underlined word “It” in the last paragraph refer to?APassing objects.BMoving boxes around.CMaking use of faults.DHiding themselves from view.C代词指代题。根

41、据第五段第一句“But the real surprise came when the bots started making use of problems or faults.”可知，但真正令人惊讶的是，机器人开始利用问题或错误；第五段最后两句给出了相应的例子；结合尾段第一句可以判断，该句主语It指代的是“机器人利用错误”，故C项正确。15What does Chelsea think of the finding of the research?AIt can bridge a gap in the AI research.BIt will not be influenced by th

42、e real world.CIt will definitely help the real problemsolving.DIt may not be realized out of the virtual world.D推理判断题。根据尾段尾句中Chelsea Finn所说的话“The main limitation is that it is in simulation”可知，Chelsea Finn认为主要的局限在于机器人的互动是处于模拟状态下的。据此可以判断，Chelsea Finn认为超出模拟范围，这种结果可能不会出现。故D项正确。.阅读七选五(2021温州市适应性测试)Due t

43、o COVID19，moms have had a rough year.Day care centers are closed. 1 At the same time theyre homeschooling and cleaning everything.Looking back 50 years or so，I found that my own mother was a mysteriously effective role model.She never hit me or raised her voice.She didnt directly boss anyone around.

44、She indirectly gave my sisters and me very clear guidance on what behaviors were expected in our home，and out in the world. 2 But once，when an African American family moved into our allwhite neighborhood，she quietly and firmly sat my sisters and me down and told us that we would always treat them wi

45、th respect.We did.When my mom got serious，we never questioned her authority.My mother taught us to love our neighbors，showed us how to treat everyone with kindness and respect and modeled how we could be generous with our time and energy by focusing on the needs and interests of others.One time，she

46、was driving and a car roared past us in a nopassing zone. 3 She said，“Ill be very disappointed if you ever drive like that.” For the next 5 decades，including my teen years，my friends and family have laughed at me for my slow，conservative driving. 4 I remembered what she said.I still dont want to dis

47、appoint her.Once，when the family was out watching a film，a violent scene started. 5 I was taken away from the theater.My mom didnt want me to see or hear things that might lead me down the wrong path.She would cover my eyes and ears to stop me from being exposed to negative influences.Shed always fi

48、nd a way to show us how we should admit our mistakes，take personal responsibility，and resist the temptation to blame others.AMy mother said it once.BMoms are working from home.CShe would gather us for a lesson.DShe sighed and glanced over at me.ERarely did my mother tell us how to behave.FImmediatel

49、y，my mom patted my dad on the shoulder.GAll this led me to wonder how my mother would handle it.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过回忆小时候的经历讲述了母亲对自己的爱、教育和影响。1B空前讲到由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响，妈妈们这一年都过得很艰难，日托所关闭了。空后讲到妈妈们要在家教孩子、打扫卫生，所以空处应是在继续描写妈妈们的“艰难”，故B项符合语境。2E空格后面的转折连词But说明上下文之间是转折关系。下文讲到妈妈平静而坚定地让我和妹妹们坐下，并告诉我们，我们会一直尊重他们，这表明妈妈当时在教我们

50、应该如何去做。E项能与下文形成语意上的转折，符合语境。3D根据下文的“Ill be very disappointed if you ever drive like that”可知，此处内容是有关妈妈看到驾车人的表现后的反应，故D项“她叹了口气，瞥了我一眼”符合语境。4A根据下文的“I remembered what she said.”可知，空处应该与妈妈说了什么有关，故A项“妈妈曾经这样说过一次”符合语境。5F前一句讲到电影里有暴力场景出现，后一句讲到我被带离剧院，由此可知，空处应涉及母亲看到暴力场景后是如何做的，故F项“妈妈立即拍了拍爸爸的肩膀(示意他带我离开)”，符合语境。.完形填空(

51、2021湖北省部分重点中学联考)Hello, Mr. WiFi. Life without you is next to impossible.Were happy to sing your name from morning till evening，sometimes till dawn. 1 I know you help me, sometimes youre making me do things with 2 attention. Many times I promise myself that Ill 3 my feelings towards you, but youre 4

52、me closer and closer. Youve entered both my home and my workplace. Youre just a window for our 5 and information. But we people arent 6 only with the window.So we open all our doors for you. Is this a(n) 7 or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment

53、, will you 8 me the lifelong togetherness?We want you all days. Cant you take a few days off so that both you and I can 9 ？ Youre a poisonnot a slow one but a superfast poison which holds our mind and makes us dance 10 your tune. Nowadays youre so 11 that anyone can buy and make you become our companion. Youll never be bothered about our health but well 12 be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.If you were a 13 person made of flesh and blood, would we love you the same? You control us with your numerous talents and we eve