初中英语同义句转换精析

1、初中英语同义句转换精析同义句转换题是近几年来中考英语试题的常见题型之一。该题型能够全面考查学生灵活运用英语的能力，要求学生反应敏捷，联想丰富，能用不同的句子或短语来表达同一意义。本文就同义句转换题的特点及转换形式进行分析，希望从中帮助同学们找出规律，提高其应试能力。Eg.Peoplewereinahurrytotakethesickmantohospital(.写出同义句)Peopletakethesickmantohospital.Peoplehurriestotakethesickmantohospital.同义句转换的实质就是替代、合并和改写句子。具体分析如下：一：替代1、用一个新的词、

2、短语替代原句中有关部分。女如IreceivedaletterfromLucy.=IheardfromLucy.(receivealetterfromfhearfrom)Ioftenwalktoschooleveryday.=Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(walkfgoonfoot)ShedecidedtostoplearningEnglish.=ShedecidedtogiveupEnglish.(stopdoingsth.fgiveupdoingsth.)2、用反义词来替代。如：3、Weareindifferentrows.=Wearentinthesamerow.(dif

3、ferentfsame)4、Mybikeischeaperthanyours.=Yourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.(cheapfexpensive)用反义词或反义短语来替换时，一般会有一个否定意义的词，如not,less,no,never,hardly等。二：合并句子合并句子一般是通过并列连词将两个简单句合并为一句。常见的并列连词有：notonlybutalso,bothand,neither.nor,eitheror等。例如：Marydidntgotothepark.Ididnt,either.=NeitherMarynorIwenttothepark.WeiH

4、uamaygotothecinema,orAnnmaybecausethereisonlyoneticket.=EitherWeiHuaorAnnmaygotothecinemabecausethereisonlyoneticket.Johnhasgotapenfriend.Mikehasgotapenfriend,too.=NotonlyJohnbutalsoMikehasgotapenfriend.=BothJohnandMikehavegotpenfriends.三：改写句子通过能够表达同一意义的不同句型、句式、语态的转换，来达到改写句子的目的。具体可分为：1、复合句改为简单句。含宾语从

5、句的复合句变简单句时，可用不定式改写，将宾语从句中的谓语动词变为不定式。如：Weallagreethatweshouldleaveatonce.=Weallagreetoleaveatonce.Couldyoutellmewhenwewillstart?=Couldyoutellmewhentostart?含宾语从句的复合句变简单句时，还可用复合宾语，即宾语加宾语补助语来改写。如：Isawhewentintotheroomjustnow.=Isawhimgointotheroomjustnow.Edisonsmotherfoundthathewasacleverboy.=Edisonsmoth

6、erfoundhimclever.WeheardthatshewassinginginEnglish.=WeheardhersinginginEnglish.to2、含状语从句的复合句变简单句时，常用以下方法以so.that引导的结果状语从句常转换为tooto或enough结构。如：Heissoyoungthathecantgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisntoldenoughtogotoschool.另外还可通过结构和语态的转换来改写。如：Icantfinishtheworkifyoudonthelpme.=Icantfinishthewo

7、rkwithoutyourhelp.=Icantfinishtheworkunlessyouhelpme.Weusecomputersinmanyways.=Computersareusedinmanyways.3、句型间的转换，要求对能够表达同一意义的常用句型结构了解甚透。如：Ittookmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.=Ispenttwohoursinfinishingmyhomework.Ifyoudonthurry,youwillbelate.=Hurryup,oryoullbelate.4、还可利用词性转换来改写。如：Therewasaheavysnowhe

8、relastnight.=Itsnowedheavilyherelastnight.UncleWanginventedthemachine.=UncleWangwastheinventorofthemachine.四：热身练习：(A)Itsgoodforyourhealthtodoexerciseoften.(B)exerciseoftencanmakeyou.(A)Thispicturelooksthesameasthatone.(B)thetwopictures.(A)Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.(B)Tomisinhisclass.(

9、A)IllgotobedafterIfinishmyhomework.(B)IgotobedIfinishmyhomework.(A)Crossthebridge,youwillfindthebuilding.(B)thebridge,youllfindthebuilding.(A)MyfatherwenttoBeijinglastyear.Heisstilltherenow.(B)MyfatherBeijinglastyear.(A)Itsalongtimesincewewetlast.(B)8.(B)9.(B)10.(B)11.(B)12.(B)13.(B)14.(B)15.(B)16.(

10、B)17.(B)18.(B)19.(B)20.(B)21.(B)22.(B)23.(B)24.(B)25.(B)26.Weeachotherforalongtimesincewewetlast.(A)Hewrotethebookin2000.Thebookbyin2000.(A)LucywasbornonMarch5,1989,sowasLily.LucyisLily.(A)Wecanhardlydecidewhatweshalldonext.forustodecidewhatnext.(A)Hedoesntlikesinging.Hedoesntlikedancing,either.Heli

11、kessingingdancing.operate.(A)ThelightintheroomwassoweakthatthedoctorwasntabletoThedoctordothesuchbadlightinsidetheroom(A)Itwasveryhotlastnight.Icouldhardlysleep.ItwashotlastnightIcouldhardlysleep.(A)BillGatesknowsmuchaboutcomputers.BillGatesalotofofcomputers.(A)Onedaythelibrarianhadanidea.Onedaythel

12、ibrariananidea.(A)Wearesohappythatwecantsayaword.Wearehappysay.(A)Haveyoueverbeenabroad?Haveyoueverbeentoany?(A)Theoldmandiedtwoyearsago.Theoldmantwoyears.(A)BothMaryandAnnpassedtheexam.MarynorAnntheexam.(A)ChineseislesspopularthanEnglish.ChineseisntpopularEnglish.(A)Theyspenttwohoursontheexperiment

13、.Ittwohourstheexperiment.(A)Thatsnotaninterestingfilm,Ithink.Ithinkthataninterestingfilm.(A)Mr.SmithwasonceanEnglishteacher.Mr.SmithbeanEnglishteacher.(A)Howistheweathertoday?theweathertoday?(A)Hespent500yuanonthebicycle.Thebicycle500yuan.(A)Eachofthemhasanapple.(B)Theyanapple.27.(A)Weuseknivestocut

14、things.(B)Knivesthings.28.(A)LiLeijumpedfarthestinourclass.(B)InourclassjumpedsofarLiLei.29.(A)Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.(B)Hehaslivedhere.30.(A)Whenhewasthree,hecouldreadandwrite.(B)theofthree,hecouldreadandwrite.31.(A)Thiscoatistoobigforme.Thatcoatistoosmallforme.(B)Thecoatsaretoobigtoosmallfor

15、me.32.(A)Ifyoudontthinkhard,youwontfindtheanswer.(B),youwontfindtheanswer.33.(A)Lucysparentsareveryproudoftheirdaughter.(B)Lucyisherparents.34.(A)ThefilmisthemostinterestingonethatIhaveeverseen.(B)Ihaveseenaninterestingfilmbefore.35.(A)Bikeisshortforbicycle.(B)Bikeisanotherwaybicycle.36.(A)WhenIgott

16、here,Ifoundhewaslyingontheground.(B)WhenIgotthere,Ifoundontheground.37.(A)Wehavehadnoholidayforaboutonemonth.(B)Wehaventhadaforaboutonemonth.38.(A)Itshardtostopsmokinginashorttime.(B)Itshardtosmokinginashorttime.(A)MybrotherjoinedthePLAayearago.(B)Mybrotheraforayear.(A)Thefactoryhasbeenopenforhalfay

17、ear.(B)halfayearthefactory.(A)Shewalksslowestofthefour.(B)Shewalksthanthe.(A)Putthetreeintheholesothatitisstraight.(B)Putthetreeintheholeitstraight.(A)Itwasverylate.Jimwasstilldoinghislessons.(B)itwasverylate,Jimstillwenthislessons.(A)Mostofhisquestionswerenotabouthislessons.(B)Mostofhisquestionshad

18、towithhislessons.(A)TheywillgotoHongKongbyairnextweek.(B)TheywillHongKongnextweek.(A)Mypenfriendsoftenwriteletterstome.(B)Ioftenmypenfriends.(A)EveryoneishereexceptWeiHua.(B)WeiHuahere.(A)Idontwanttoeatanything.(B)Idonteatinganything.(A)JimisntgoodatChinese.(B)JimChinese.(A)HowmanypeoplearethereinGermany?(B)theofGermany?Key:1.Doinghealthy2.Theresnodifferencebetween3.thetallest4.wontuntil5.Goa