初中英语讲义：初三英语UnitHowdoyoustudyforatest？讲解和练习

1、Unit1How do you study for a test .一、导入1 一只小狗爬上你的餐桌,向一只烧鸡爬去,你大怒道：你敢对那只烧鸡怎样,我就敢对你怎样,结果小狗舔了一下鸡屁股,你昏倒,小狗乐道：小样看谁狠； 2 你走在路上,一母狗扑向你,从你的脚上咬了一块肉,快速吞下去,你伸脚刚要踢它的时候,狗含着泪说：你打吧,反正我肚里已经有了你的骨肉！二、学问点回忆略三、（ 1）专题讲解专题 1：重点词汇、短语1、基本短语1.by doing 通过做某事 15.last for long 连续了很长时间 2.practice doing 练习做某事 16.regard as 把 当作 /视为

2、3.the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方法 17.try ones best to do sth 尽力做 4.get excited about 对 感到兴奋 18.with the help of. 在某人的帮忙下 5.end up doing 以做 终止 19.stay angry 连续愤怒 6.make mistakes 犯错误 20.unless 假如不 ,除非 7.join the English club 加入英语俱乐部 21.break off 突然中止,中断 8.To begin with. 以 .开头 22.take notes 记笔记 9.later

3、 on 以后,随后 23.deal with 处理,应对 10.laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 24.too to. 太 而不能 11.make up 编造 25.be angry with sb =be mad at sb 生某人的气 12.decide to do sth 打算做某事 26.look up 通过字典查阅13.It doesnt matter 没关系 27.Time goes by 时间飞逝 14.be terrified of sth/doing sth 28.have trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难 be afraid to do sth 可怕某

4、事 /做某事 29. not.at all 根本不 2、短语过关向某人求助 ask sb _ help 制作抽认卡 make _ 1 / 10 玩的高兴 have _ 处理 _ with 终止说英语 end up _ English 英语口语 _ English 嘲笑 . laugh _ 练习说英语 practice _ English 大声朗读 read _ 时间消逝 Time _ _ 在- 帮忙下 _ the help of 对- 感爱好 be _ in 在- 校队 _ the school team 如此多的时间 so _ time 犯错误 make _ 谈天 _ with 第一 _ o

5、f all 一个 8 岁的男孩 _ _ boy 有乐趣做 have fun_ 支付 _ for _ ones _令某人惊讶的是看英文节目 _ English programs 做某事有困难 have _ in _ sth 为- 感到自豪 take _ in 查字典 look _ the dictionary 转变某人的想法change ones _另一件事 _ thing 3、重点词汇、短语解读1.by + doing 通过 方式 如： by studying with a group by 仍可以表示：“在 旁”、“ 靠近 ” 如： I live by the river. “在 以前 ”、

6、“ 截止 为止 “如： I have to go back by ten oclock“乘交通工具 ”如： The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论,争论 如： The students often talk about movie after class. 同学们常常在课后争论电影；talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话3. 提建议的句子 ：What/ how about +doingsth. 如： What/ How about going shopping. Why dont you + dosth.

7、如： Why don t you go shopping. Why not + dosth. . 如： Why not go shopping. Let s + do sth. 如： Let s go shopping4. a lot 很多 常用于句末 如： I eat a lot. 我吃了很多；a lot of 很多 用于句中 如： Opening a hotel needs a lot of money. 2 / 10 5.too to太 而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 结构 too +adj. +to do sth 可用 not enough t

8、o do 和 so that 句式改写 Eg: 他太小了,不能去上学；（用三种句型翻译）so that_ too +adj. +to do sth not enough to do 6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法 ：三个词都与 大声 或洪亮 有关； aloud 是副词 ,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不肯定很大,用在读书或说话上；通常放在动词之后； aloud 没有比较级形式；如: He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听； loud 可作 形容词 或副词；用作副词时 之后；,常与 speak, talk, laug

9、h 等动词连用 ,多用于比较级 ,须放在动词如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点； loudly 是副词 ,与 loud 同义 ,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人厌恶或打搅别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后；如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑；7. not at all 一点也不,根本不如： I like milk very much. I do nt like coffee at all. 我特别喜爱牛奶；我一点也不喜爱咖啡； not 常常

10、可以和助动词结合在一起,at all 就放在句尾8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对 感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋；9. end up doing sth 终止做某事,终止做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而终止； end up with sth. 以 终止

11、如： The party ended up with a song. 晚会以一首歌曲而告终；10. first of all 第一. to begin with. 以.开头 later on 后来、随后11. also 也、而且 （用于确定句）常在句子的中间 如： either 也（用于 否定句 ）常在句末 如： too 也 用于确定句 常在句末如：3 / 10 12. make mistakes 犯错 如： I often make mistakes. 我常常犯错； make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误；13. la

12、ugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如： Dont laugh at me. 不要取笑我 . 14. take notes 做笔记,做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜爱做 愿意做 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜爱踢足球； enjoy oneself 过得开心 如： He enjoyed himself. 他过得开心；16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成 如： Twelve girls make up the team. 18. one of +the+ 形容词比较级 +名词复数形式

13、其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的老师之一；形容词 +for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说 做某事 19. It 如： It s difficult for me to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了；句中的 it 是形式主语, 真正的主语 是 to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她常常练习说英语；21. decide to do sth.打算做某事 如：

14、 LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经打算去北京；22. unless 假如不,除非（引导条件状语从句）如： You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力,你会失败；I won t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写,要不我不写 23. deal with 处理 如： I dealt with a lot of problems. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担忧某人 / 某事 如： Mother worried about his son just

15、now. 妈妈刚才担忧他的儿子；25. be angry with sb. 对某人愤怒如： I was angry with her. 我对她愤怒；26. perhaps = maybe 或许 27. go by 时间 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了；28. see sb. doing sth 观察某人正在做某事 强调正在发生see sb. do sth 观察某人在做了某事事情做完了 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她观察他正在教室里画画；29. each other 彼此 4 / 10 30.

16、 regard as 把 看作为 . 如： The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜；31. too many 很多 修饰可数名词 如： too many girls too much 很多 修饰不行数名词 如： too much milk much too 太 修饰形容词 如：（ much） too beautiful 32. Changeinto 将 变为 如： The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书；33. with the help of sb. = with o

17、ne 在某人的帮忙下如： with the help of LiLei = with LiLei 在李雷的帮忙下34. compare to 把 与 相比如： Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比,你是幸运的；35. instead 代替 用在句末,副词（字面上常不译出来） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替,而不是 用在句中,动词如： Last summer I went to Beijing. This year Im going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去北京 , 今年我将要去上海； I

18、 will go instead of you. 我将代替你去；He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳；专题 2：重点语法1. 动词不定式做后置定语The best way to learn English is reading aloud. The fastest way to travel is by plane 2. 动名词： 在动词后加ing 为动名词doing ,相当于名词,在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等；1作主语（谓语为第三人称单数）Memorizing the words of pop songs

19、also helps a little. 记流行歌曲的词也起作用；Swimming is good for our health. 2作宾语 在动词 keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind 后 只用 ing 作宾语Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door. 5 / 10 3作表语Babysi

20、sters job is washing, cooking and taking care of the children ； 3.现在完成时A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开头,连续到现在的动作或状态； 现在完成常常用时间状语有recently , lately , since+时间点,for+ 数字 +时间, in the past few months/years 等 确定形式： have/has + done 否定形式 ：have/has + not +done 一般疑问句 ： have或 has放于句首；B. 现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示

21、的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响； Eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了；（结果：车子已在门口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了；（结果：窗户仍破着）区分： have been to, have gone to, have been in have been to,表示 去过 某个地方,不过现在已经回来了例如：Have you been to Beijing before. 你以前去过北京么？have gone to 表示 去了 ,但仍没有回来 例如： A: Is Mr.Wang at home. B: No,he is

22、 not in, he has gone to Shenzhen. have been in 指的是 在 某个地方,从过去始终连续到现在 例如： My family have been in Hong Kong since 1998. 2）现在完成时所表示的动作开头于过去,连续到现在；常用 for 和 since 表示一段时间的状语或 so far,today,this week month ,year等表示包括现在时间在内的状语；eg.He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 2022. Now I ha

23、ve not finished the work. （2）变式练习 一 .单项挑选 1. Look at the old man. He makes money selling old books. A. in B. for C. at D. by 6 / 10 2. - How do you improve you English. - By . A.read and speak B.to read and to speak C.reading and speaking D.reading and speak 3. Did you find very interesting to play

24、football. A. this B.its C. that D. it 4. -Many students dont know how to _ stress. -I think theyd better ask their teachers for help. A. argue with B. deal with C. quarrel with D. come up with 5. The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon. A. but B. since C. as soon as D.unless 6. _ it

25、 doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the beach. A.If B. Although C. Unless D. Because 7. The teacher asked Tom a difficult question in class. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered 8. - Our country _ a lot so far . - Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ； well B.changed ； good C.has

26、changed ； better D.changed ； better 9.Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ； studying B. will ； study C. has ； studied D. are ； studying 10. His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 二、同义句转换 1. Why dont you learn English by making flashc

27、ards. Why English by making flashcards. 2. I find sleeping well important. I find sleeping well important. I find important well. 3. I dont know how I can use the computer. I dont know use the computer. 四、巩固练习 一、挑选填空 1. He learnt English by _ English songs. 7 / 10 A. listen B. listen to C. listening

28、 D. listening to 2. If you practice _ English every morning, you will improve it quickly. A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading 3. Its Sunday today. What about _ the mountains. A. to climb B. climb C. climbing D. climbed 4. Tom decided _ in China. A. travel B. traveling C. to travel D. travele

29、d 5. Do you enjoy _ on the Internet. A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed 6. She said she had some trouble _ her homework. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished 7. Do you find thisbook _. A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration 8. Can you tell me the best way _ the prob

30、lem. A. solve B. solved C. to solve D. solving 9. Jenny does not know where _ on National Day. A. to go B. going C. goes D . will go 10. I spend some time _ newspaper every day. A. read B. reading C. to read D. on read 11. _ you work harder ,you will not pass the examination . =If you dont work hard

31、er ,you will not pass the examination D. Unless A. Until B .If C. Till 12. There is _milk in the bottle. Lets go to buy some. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 13. I spent half an hour _ my homework . A. finish doing B. to finish doing C. finishing to do D. finishing doing 五、拓展训练 一、挑选填空 1. At th

32、e age of 18 he began to work_ a teacher in a country school. 8 / 10 A. as B. by C. in D. at 2. Have you decided which coat_. A. choose B. choosing C. chosen D. to choose 3. I read very slowly. I cant spell some English words, _. A. also B. either C. but 4. Lucy thinks that _ English movies isnt a go

33、od way. A. watch B. watched C. watching 5. At first they hated each other ,but they ended up _ on very well . A. get B. got C. getting D. to get 二、完型填空ALast year my English class was _1_for me. First of all, it wasnt easy for me to understand twhen she _2_to the class. To begin with, she spoke too q

34、uickly, and I couldnt _3_every word.I realized it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word, _4_ I was afraid to speak in class because I thought my classmates might laugh _5_me. I cou ldn t always make complete sentences, either. Then I started to _6_ English-language TV . It helped a lot. I

35、think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of _7_a good language learner. Another thing that I found very difficult was English _8_. So I decided to take lots of grammar notes in every class. 1. A. lucky B. happy C. difficult D. great. 2. A. talked B. talk C. sing D. sang 3. A. think B. believe C. forget D. understand 4. A. either B. neither C. also D. too 5. A. to B.