安徽省怀宁中学2021-2022学年高二下学期5月阶段考试英语试卷

1、试卷第 =page 23 23页，共 =sectionpages 23 23页试卷第 =page 1 1页，共 =sectionpages 3 3页安徽省怀宁中学2021-2022学年高二下学期5月阶段考试英语试卷学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解The process of finding your best fit in a retirement community has improved dramatically over the past decade. Below are some options that will have you get going on a ret

2、irement lifestyle that makes every day seem like a vacation.Saddle BrookeSaddle Brooke is an Active Lifestyle Community with excellent restaurants and a Mountain View course for golfers. Saddle Brookes Arts Center offers various shows and performances. Fitness centers, basketball and volleyball cour

3、ts, and swimming pools are just around the corner!Lakewood RanchLakewood Ranch comprises residential villages, parks, educational institutions, town centers, and a center specializing in brain research and cancer care. For three years running, its been the fastest-selling, all-ages community in Amer

4、ica.Dataw IslandDataw Island provides beautiful mansions (公寓楼), independent shops and restaurants. There are two golf courses, eight tennis courts, world-class grasslands, and plentiful social clubs. Residents can also enjoy deep sea fishing in minutes.The Forest at DukeIn the covid-19 era, its easy

5、 to get lost in separation. But thats hardly the case at The Forest at Duke, where residents continue to enjoy socially distanced chats with neighbors, the satisfaction of activity in nature, and find belonging in their new home.1. For whom is this text written?A. Officials.B. Retirees.C. Teachers.D

6、. Travelers.2. Which community has a medical research centre?A. Dataw Island.B. Saddle Brooke.C. Lakewood Ranch.D. The Forest at Duke.3. What do Saddle Brooke and Dataw Island have in common?A. They provide sports facilities.B. They offer art performance.C. They feature nature activities.D. They sui

7、t shopping convenience.【答案】1B2C3A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章为退休人员介绍了四个适合退休生活的社区。1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The process of finding your best fit in a retirement community has improved dramatically over the past decade. Below are some options that will have you get going on a retirement lifestyle that makes every day seem

8、 like a vacation. (在过去的十年里，在退休社区中找到最适合自己的过程有了显著的改善。下面是一些可以让你过上退休生活的选择，让你每天都像是在度假)”可推知，这篇文章是为退休人员写的。故选B项。2. 细节理解题。根据Lakewood Ranch中“Lakewood Ranch comprises residential villages, parks, educational institutions, town centers, and a center specializing in brain research and cancer care. (莱克伍德牧场由居住村庄、公

9、园、教育机构、城镇中心和一个专门从事脑科研究和癌症治疗的中心组成)”可知，莱克伍德牧场社区有一个医学研究中心。故选C项。3. 细节理解题。根据Saddle Brooke中“Fitness centers, basketball and volleyball courts, and swimming pools are just around the corner! (健身中心、篮球场、排球场和游泳池都在附近)”和Dataw Island中“There are two golf courses, eight tennis courts, world-class grasslands, and p

10、lentiful social clubs.(这里有两个高尔夫球场，八个网球场，世界级的草地和大量的社交俱乐部)”可知，Saddle Brooke社区和Dataw岛社区的共同之处在于它们都提供运动设施。故选A项。A year after I left college, I was given the opportunity to host the 6 oclock news in Baltimore. The whole goal in the media at the time I was coming up was try to move to larger markets, so get

11、ting the job at 22 was such a big deal. And I was so proud, because I was finally going to have my chance to be like Barbara Walters, who had been my idol since the start of my TV career. I was 22 in 1976, making $22,000 a year, it didnt feel right yet.The first sign was when they tried to change my

12、 name. The news director said to me at the time, “Nobodys going to remember Oprah. So, we want to change your name. Weve come up with a name we think that people will remember and people will like. Its a friendly name: Suzie.”I grew up not loving the name, but once I was asked to change it, I though

13、t, well, it is my name and do I look like a Suzie to you? I thought, no, it doesnt feel right. Im not going to change my name. And whether people remember it or not, thats OK.And then they said they didnt like the way I looked, so they sent me to a salon where they gave me a perm (烫发). After a few d

14、ays all my hair fell out and I had to shave my head. At last, they really didnt like the way I looked, because I was black and bald and sitting on TV wasnt a pretty picture.But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other peoples tragedies as a part of my daily duty. And

15、after eight months, I lost that job. They said I was too emotional. But since they didnt want to pay out the contract, they put me on a talk show. And the moment I sat down on that show, the moment I felt like Id come home. I realized that TV could be more than just a playground, but a platform for

16、helping other people lift their lives. And the moment I sat down, doing that talk show, it felt like breathing. And thats where everything that followed for me began.4. What can we infer from paragraph1?A. The writers aim after graduation was to leave Baltimore.B. Barbara Walters was a host the writ

17、er admired most.C. The writer didnt feel right because she thought she could earn more.D. The writer was proud because she could work with Barbara Walters5. What caused the author to dislike her first job?A. Reporting tragedies every day.B. Not being good at reporting on other peoples tragedies.C. T

18、he bosss wanting to put her on another talk show.D. Being black and bald and sitting on TV.6. Which can best describe Oprah?A. Careful and considerate.B. Understanding and optimistic.C. Persuasive and emotional.D. Determined and sympathetic.7. What can we learn from the writers story?A. Pride goes b

19、efore a fall.B. Opportunity knocks only once.C. Practice makes perfect.D. Let your heart talk more.【答案】4B5A6D7D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加工作的经历，通过这样的经历悟出了一个道理：听从自己的内心。4. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“because I was finally going to have my chance to be like Barbara Walters, who had been my idol since the start of my TV

20、 career.”（因为我终于有机会成为Barbara Walters了，她从我开始电视生涯起就是我的偶像。）可知，Barbara Walters是作家最崇拜的主持人，故选B。5. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other peoples tragedies as a part of my daily duty.”（但比秃顶更糟糕的是，我真的很讨厌被派去报道别人的悲剧，这是我日常工作的一部分。）可知，每天报道悲剧导致作者不喜欢她的第一份工作，故选A。6. 推

21、理判断题。根据第三段中“Im not going to change my name. And whether people remember it or not, thats OK.”（我不会改名字的。不管人们记不记得，都没关系。）可知，作者的意志力很坚定；根据第五段中“But even worse than being bald, I really hated being sent to report on other peoples tragedies as a part of my daily duty.”（但比秃顶更糟糕的是，我真的很讨厌被派去报道别人的悲剧，这是我日常工作的一部分。

22、）可知，作者是富有同情心的，故选D。7. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“And the moment I sat down, doing that talk show, it felt like breathing. And thats where everything that followed for me began.”（当我坐下来做脱口秀的那一刻，感觉就像呼吸一样。这就是我接下来的一切开始的地方。）可知，做人做事要听从自己的内心，故选D。This may be the 21st century but when it comes to information communication t

23、echnology (ICT), the gender divide between boys and girls, shows no sign of closing.This is bad news for the ICT industry where men outnumber women by over five to one. The industry needs at least an extra million recruits(新成员) over the next five years. Obviously, women as well as men are going to h

24、ave to fill these recruitment gaps. The ICT companies are worried about the shortage of men and women to fill their vacancies(空缺) in the future.It is believed that women are very well suited to working in ICT. They enjoy working in teams and like looking for creative connections. Many women have the

25、 kind of personal skills which are considered essential in developing “new technology”. Professionals who work in Information Technology are constantly creating the world around us, and this cant be done if you dont know how people work and how they play. To come up with ideas that will actually mak

26、e a difference to modern life, you have to understand how people live and work.In spite of the fact that ICT jobs are well paid and women tend to do well in them, research shows that girls opinions of the industry are uniformly negative. Only 5% would consider entering the ICT industry compared to 1

27、4% for law and 26% for medicine. Up to the age of 11 girls see ICT as entertaining and interesting but after that age negativity sets in. By the age of 13 this negative view of ICT is confirmed.After school activities encourage some girls to use Information Technology, and getting ICT staff and othe

28、r teachers together helps to develop imaginative use of ICT. Imaginative use of ICT especially in music, art, drama, geography and media studies, all helps to open girls eyes to the fact that careers in computing can cut across so many different areas.There is a significant difference in the learnin

29、g styles between boys and girls. The ICT class in schools is often an exercise where every student completes the same class assignment largely by rote(死记硬背). Although girls follow successfully, they will achieve enjoyment and excellence if allowed to diversify and be creative. For girls, just pressi

30、ng buttons is not enough.Another initiative is setting up computer clubs aimed at younger girls aged 8 to 14. This is known to inspire girls to develop their ICT skills and to show them that ICT can be both creative and interesting.We cant afford to have girls missing out.8. Why are girls fit for th

31、e job in information communication technology?A. Because they prefer independent and fresh working style.B. Because they want to succeed and enjoy working with creative teammates.C. Because they like cooperating with teammates and exploring new things.D. Because they are interested in music, art, ge

32、ography and media studies.9. What is the attitude of girls to ICT by the time they become teenagers?A. positive.B. uninterested.C. serious.D. disappointed.10. What does the underlined word “initiative” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?A. methodB. skillC. behaviorD. situation.11. What can we infer from t

33、he passage?A. We find more men in ICT industry mainly because of their interest.B. Now people cant find difference between boys and girls in ICT industry.C. Girls arent willing to choose ICT as a career for they cant get high salary.D. It is time for us to take measures to make more girls come into

34、ICT fields.【答案】8C9B10A11D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该采取措施让更多的女孩进入信息和通信技术领域。8. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It is believed that women are very well suited to working in ICT. They enjoy working in teams and like looking for creative connections.（人们相信，女性非常适合在信息通信技术领域工作。她们喜欢团队合作，喜欢寻找有创造性的联系。）”可知，女性适合信息通信技术领域工作的理由是他们喜欢

35、团队合作，喜欢寻找有创造性的联系。故选C项。9. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“By the age of 13 this negative view of ICT is confirmed.（到13岁时，这种对信息和通信技术的负面看法得到了证实。）”可推断，当女孩们成为青少年时，她们对信息通信技术是不感兴趣的（uninterested）。故选B项。10. 词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“This is known to inspire girls to develop their ICT skills and to show them that ICT can be both creative

36、 and interesting.（众所周知，这可以激励女孩发展她们的信息和通信技术，并向她们展示信息和通信技术既具有创造性又有趣。）”可猜测，“Another initiative”意为“另一项举措”，是激励8到14岁的年轻女孩发展的措施。故选A项。11. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“This is known to inspire girls to develop their ICT skills and to show them that ICT can be both creative and interesting.（众所周知，这可以激励女孩发展她们的信息和通信技术，并向她们展示

37、信息和通信技术既具有创造性又有趣。）”及文章最后一段“We cant afford to have girls missing out.（我们不能让女孩们错过。）”可推断，现在是我们采取措施让更多的女孩进入信息和通信技术领域的时候了。故选D项。Even if we used to know the truth, our brains can start repeating false information that is against the facts.Our brains are wired to believe information automatically even if it

38、s false because it helps us learn efficiently. “In many instances its a useful skill for us to accept what people tell us, because often what people tell us is true,” says David Rapp, PhD, a psychology and education professor at Northwestern University in Illinois, US.When we hear new information, t

39、hose fresh facts dont override what we already knew before. Instead, both the new and old information live together in our minds. A few factors determine which one well draw on when the situation comes up.Oftentimes, well quote (引用) the information we heard most recently even if its wrong. Because t

40、heyre fresher in our minds, short-term memories are easier for our brains to access than facts we heard longer ago. Wed have to think back further to remember previous knowledge, so people will often ignore those facts in favour of new inaccurate information, says Dr Rapp, who recently published an

41、article on recalling inaccurate information in the journal Current Directions in Popular Science. “Previous knowledge isnt difficult to recall, but it isnt as readily available,” he says.We are also used to buying into the facts that seem more believable. Often, this means they fit better with what

42、we want to believe, which could explain why people quote such different facts in political debates. “Both candidates said something that was objectively true or not, but people would ignore that information and go with their hopes, wishes, or preferences because it goes along with what they hope to

43、be true,” says Dr Rapp.Youre especially unlikely to bother thinking critically about information when youre reading for pleasure, like with a novel or a We-Chat status, because your brain is in the mindset of relaxing, not keeping an eye out for falsehood, says Dr Rapp.With all that potentially fals

44、e information overload, its worth putting in the extra effort to double-check information that strikes you as doubtful. Seek out reliable sources that back up what they say with data, quotes and other evidence, says Dr Rapp. “With the ease that we can look things up on the internet, theres no reason

45、 not to,” he says.12. According to the passage, when we get new information, _.A. our mind evaluates its reliabilityB. our previous knowledge is replacedC. it stays together with previous knowledgeD. we still believe in our previous knowledge13. What can we learn from the passage?A. People mind accu

46、racy when they read for pleasure.B. We vote for a candidate because what he says is true.C. Our short-term memory is more reliable when we quote.D. Believing what people tell us often improves learning efficiency.14. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?A. The methods of deal

47、ing with doubtful information.B. The results of believing in false information.C. The effect of overloaded information.D. The source of right information.15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Where do we find reliable information?B. How do we choose proper information?C. Wh

48、y do we remember false information?D. Whether should we believe fresh information?【答案】12C13D14A15C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。即便我们知道真相，但我们的大脑还是会选择与事实相反的错误信息，文章分析了其的原因并提供了应对办法。12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“When we hear new information, those fresh facts dont override what we already knew before. Instead, both the new and old

49、 information live together in our minds. (当我们听到新信息时，这些新事实并不会推翻我们之前已经知道的信息。相反，新的和旧的信息一起生活在我们的头脑中)”可知，新旧信息会共存。故选C项。13. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Our brains are wired to believe information automatically even if its false because it helps us learn efficiently. (即使信息是错误的，我们的大脑会也自动地相信，因为这有助于我们高效地学习)”可知，相信别人告诉我们的信息可以提高

50、学习效率。故选D项。14. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“its worth putting in the extra effort to double-check information that strikes you as doubtful. (值得付出额外的努力来检查那些让你感到怀疑的信息)”和“With the ease that we can look things up on the internet, theres no reason not to, (由于我们可以很容易地在互联网上查找信息，没有理由不去做)”可推知，作者在最后一段想告诉我们处理可疑的信息的方法：在互联网上查找。故

51、选A项。15. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段“Even if we used to know the truth, our brains can start repeating false information that is against the facts.(即使我们曾经知道真相，我们的大脑也会开始重复与事实相反的错误信息)”讲生活中存在一种现象：即便我们知道真相，但我们的大脑还是会重复与事实相反的错误信息，第三段“A few factors determine which one well draw on when the situation comes up. (当情况出现

52、时，有几个因素决定了我们大脑将选择哪一个信息)”讲信息的选择是由几个因素决定的，第四、五和六段分别列举了3个影响我们大脑作出选择的因素，即我们选择与事实相反的错误信息的原因，所以本文主要说明了，为什么我们会选择记住错误的信息。故选C项。二、七选五Most students hate tests. The fear of failing them is really unpleasant. _16_ Give these four study tips a try and see how much better you feel during your next exam.1. Survey y

53、our textbook before you read.Take a couple of minutes to find the word-list, index, questions and other important information. Then, when you sit down to study, youll know where to find the answers you are looking for. _17_. These questions let you know what you can probably expect in any upcoming t

54、ests.2. _18_As you read, summarize each section of the chapter on a post-it note. After you have read the entire chapter, go back and review the notes. It is an easy and efficient way to review information. And you can easily find the information you need.3. Make your own practice test.After you fin

55、ish reading, pretend you are a professor writing a test for the chapter. Review the material you just read and make up your own practice test. Include all vocabulary words, study questions, and highlighted words you can find, as well as any other important information. _19_ If not, go back and study

56、 some more.4. Create visual flashcards.Flashcards will help you remember important terms, people, places and dates. On the front of the card, write down the term or the question. This will help ensure that you grasp the study material. _20_ Review these cards and quiz yourself before the actual test

57、.A. Use sticky notes.B. Prepare a note book.C. Take the test to see if you remember the information.D. If all the questions are included, there is no need to worry.E. But there are a few tricks you can learn how to avoid the worry.F. On the back write down the definition or the answer.G. Make sure y

58、ou read any study questions before you read the chapter.【答案】16E17G18A19C20F【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了几种学习方式来摆脱考试焦虑的策略。16. 根据空前“The fear of failing them is really unpleasant.”（担心考试失败的恐惧是令人不安的。）以及空后“Give these four study tips a try and see how much better you feel during your next exam.”（尝试一下这四种策略，然后看下一次考试你

59、的感觉会有多好。）可知，空前提出了考试令人焦虑，空后提出了四种策略，故此处E项“但是你可以学会几种策略来避免焦虑。”承上启下，承接前文考试焦虑，引出下文的策略，故选E项。17. 根据本段小标题“Survey your textbook before you read”（阅读之前先浏览一下课本）可知，本段主要讲述在学习课本之前的工作。且根据空后“These questions let you know what you can probably expect in any upcoming tests.”（这些问题能让你知道，你在即将到来的考试中可能遇到的题。）可知，空后提到“these que

60、stions”，故G项“确保你在读这一章节之前，你读到了所有的问题。”符合，本选项提到“any study questions”，空后用“these question”指代，确保学习课本之前预测了问题，有助于更好地学习本章节，这些问题可以帮助你预测下次考试的内容，故选G项。18. 根据本段内容首句“As you read, summarize each section of the chapter on a post-it note.”（当你阅读时，将每一章节的内容总结在一张便利贴上。）可知，本段主要讲将笔记记在便利贴上，便于复习，故A项“使用可粘贴的笔记。”符合本段小标题，故选A。19. 根