宾语从句 课件-初高衔接英语

1、宾语从句Leading-in宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语的从句。He knew that he should study hard.I doubt if/ whether he will succeed.Kate is interested in what she has seen at the exhibition.We didnt know when she would come back.Leading-in连接词：连接主句和宾语从句的词。从属连词：that, whether, if. That 在宾语从句中不作成分，无实义，一般情况下可以省略。Whether, if 在宾语从句中也不作成

2、分，但有实义，翻译为“是否”，所以不能省略。连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever。连接代词在宾语从句中作主语，宾语和定语，有实义，不可省。连接副词：when, where, how, why, wherever, whenever, however。连接副词在宾语从句中作状语，有实义，不可省。宾语从句的语序宾语从句语序用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。He knew (that) he should study hard.Can you tell me which class are yo

3、u in? He asked me if he could come in. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句语序用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。He knew (that) he should study hard.Can you tell me which class you are in?He asked me if he could come in. 宾语从句的语序陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。She said: “I will leave a message on the desk.”She said (that) she would leave a

4、message on the desk.宾语从句的语序一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时, ?“Are you a student?” I asked him.I asked him?“Where are the tickets?” I asked him.I asked him?宾语从句的语序一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称、时态和语序的变化。“Are you a student?” I asked him.I asked him if/ whether he was a student. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.I ask

5、ed him where the tickets were.宾语从句的连接词从属连词that 引导的宾语从句，that 一般情况下可以省略。I think (that) he is right.I know (that) he has returned.宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句中不可省略that 的情况：1) 动词带有多个并列的that 引导的宾语从句时，除了第一个that 以外，其他的that 均不可省略。He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt understand.宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句中不

6、可省略that 的情况：2) that 引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that 不能省略。I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句中不可省略that 的情况：3) that 引导的宾语从句中还有复合句时。I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it.宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句中不可省略that 的情况：4) 宾语从句的主语是this, that 或有this, that 修饰时Some people thi

7、nk that this part of Scotland with its lakes and mountains is more beautiful than the West of England.宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句中不可省略that 的情况：5)主句中的谓语动词是explain, agree等词时He explained that it had been a difficult film to make.Most people nowadays agree that a good pub is one of our best traditions.宾语从句的连接词 从属连词if

8、, whether 引导的宾语从句：I doubt if/ whether he will succeed.I dont know if/ whether you can help me.一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互换宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether 和if 不可以互换的情况：1)连接词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，一般用 whether，不用if。He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man.I wonder whether it is true or not.宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether 和if 不可以互

9、换的情况：2)介词后的宾语从句一般用whether，不用if。We are talking about whether well have a picnic.The teacher worried about whether she had hurt the girls feelings.I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether 和if 不可以互换的情况：3)在容易产生歧义的句子中，常用whether不用if。翻译句子：请让我知道你是否想去。宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether

10、 和if 不可以互换的情况：3)在容易产生歧义的句子中，常用whether不用if。Please let me know whether you want to go. 请让我知道你是否想去。Please let me know if you want to go. 请让我知道你是否想去。/如果你想去的话，请让我知道。宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether 和if 不可以互换的情况：4)有些动词如discuss, decide后的宾语从句常用whether不用if。The old lady hasnt decided whether she will live with her daught

11、er in the city.Were now discussing whether we should cooperate with these three companies.宾语从句的连接词 从属连词whether 和if 不可以互换的情况：5)宾语从句置于句首时，一般用whether不用if。Whether they will join in the Winter Camp, I dont care.宾语从句的连接词请找出下面句子中的宾语从句，并分析标红单词在宾语从句中所作的成分。I dont know who will pick me up.Kate is interested in

12、 what she has seen at the exhibition.I have three cars, and you may have whichever you like.I dont know whose watch it is.宾语从句的连接词连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作主语，宾语和定语，有实义，不可省。I dont know who will pick me up. （作主语）Kate is interested in what she has see

13、n at the exhibition. （作宾语）I have three cars, and you may have whichever you like. （作宾语）I dont know whose watch it is. （作定语）宾语从句的连接词连接副词when, where, how, why, wherever, whenever, however引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作状语，有实义，不可省。请分析以下句子的成分，并翻译：I will tell you why I asked you to come.We didnt know when she would come b

14、ack.Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态常常受到主句的时态的影响，因而在使用时要注意主句与从句两部分时态要保持一致。宾语从句的时态1) 主句如果是现在时或将来时，从句可用除过去完成时、过去完成进行时以外的任何所需要的时态。I know you dont know what I think at all.I know he didnt tell you that he would come then.I will let you know whether I will come or not direc

15、tly I check my schedule. You are telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow.宾语从句的时态2) 主句如果是过去时态，从句一般要用过去的某种时态。They asked what Jean was doing then.Linda said that the train had left.宾语从句的时态3) 宾语从句表示客观事实和真理时，无论主句使用何种时态，从句都用一般现在时。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He told us his sister is ten years o