2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit4BodyLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第一册

1、UNIT 4BODY LANGUAGE核心单词阅读词汇1.gesture n.手势；姿势；姿态2.identical adj.相同的3.cheek n.面颊；脸颊4.bow vi.鞠躬vt.点头；低(头) n.弓；蝴蝶结5.waist n.腰；腰部6.barrier n.隔阂；障碍7.fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的8.trial n.& v.审讯；审判；试验；试用n.孪生之一；双胞9.twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的胎之一10.internal adj.内部的；里面的11.pose n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁；问题等)12.bend

2、 vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向13.perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解14.chest n.胸部；胸膛15.weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪16.inquire vi.& vt.询问；打听17.ultimately adv.最终；最后ponent n.组成部分；零件高频词汇1._ vt.表现；表达；说明；证明demonstrate2._ vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n.目击者；证人3._ n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突witness4._ vt.揭示；显示；露出incidentreveal5._ vt.把放低；降低；减少adj.下面的；下方的；较小的lowerimplyoc

3、cupy6._ vt.意味着；暗示7._ vt.占据；占用8._ vi.盯着看；凝视n.凝视9._ vi.& vt.区分；辨别distinguish10._ adj.羞愧；惭愧ashamedmerely11._ adv.只是；仅仅；只不过botherconflict12._ vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因操心n.麻烦；不便reacttone13._ n.矛盾；冲突vi.冲突；抵触14._ vi.(对)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应15._ n.语气；腔调；口吻stare拓展词汇1._ n.交流；相互影响interact v.交流2.vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变_ adj.各种各

4、样的_ n.多样性interactionvariousvariety3.appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的_ adv.合适地_ adj.不合适的；不恰当的appropriately4.approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过_ n.批准；同意inappropriateapprovalemploy5._ vt.使用；应用；雇用employment n.雇用；就业_ n.失业unemployment6._ vt.把理解(解释)为vi.& vt.口译interpretation n.解释；翻译_ n.口译员；演绎者7.differ vi.相异；不同于_ adj.不同的_adv.不

5、同地_ n.不同differentdifferently8._ vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于n.帮助；恩惠；赞同favourable adj.支持的；赞同的differencefavour9._ n.愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒angry adj.生气的；愤怒的_ adv.生气地；愤怒地angerangrilyinterpretinterpreter10.rely v.依赖；依靠；指望_ adj.可靠的；可信赖的reliableslightlyassess11.slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的_ adv.略微；稍微clarificationeducateeducationeducat

6、ed12._ vt.评估；评价assessment n.评价；评定13.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清_ n.阐明；澄清14._ vt.教育_ n.教育educator n.教师；教育工作者；教育家_ adj.受过教育的；有教养的15._ n.趋势；倾向tend v.往往；倾向于16.bare adj.光秃的；赤裸的_ adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚tendencybarelyanxious17.anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕_ adj.焦虑的18.embarrass vt.使尴尬；使难堪_ n.尴尬_ adj.难堪的；尴尬的_ adj.令人尴尬的embarrassmen

7、tembarrassedembarrassing19._ vt. 调 整 ； 调节vi.& vt. 适应 ； ( 使 )习惯adjustment n.调整；适应_ adj.可调节的adjustadjustable联想积累【派生构词】1.clarify(y 变 i)cation(动词名词后缀-cation同义名词)identify(y 变 i)cation 辨认classify(y 变 i)cation 分类apply(y 变 i)cation 申请2.employment(动词名词后缀-ment新名词)assessment 评价；评定adjustment 调整amusement 娱乐(活动)；

8、愉悦重点短语1._ contrast 相比之下bybymake2._ comparison (与)相比较3._ inferences 推理；推断4.break_ 消除；分解；打破downup5.straighten _ 直起来；整理；收拾整齐6._ other words 换句话说；也就是说in7.call _ (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请onattothrough8._ work 有某种影响；在工作9.vary from._.由到变化不同10.get_ 通过；接通(电话)精选佳句教材原句1.And if we are feeling down or lonely, there

9、 is _ _ seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独， 没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。nothingbetterthan句式结构句式 1：本句是“否定词比较级”句式， 是用比较级表达最高级的句式之一， 意为“没有比更的”教材原句noteveryone2.Of course, _ _ who looks up is payingattention in class.当然， 并不是每个抬头的学生都在专心听讲。句式结构句式 2：not everyone 为部分否定教材原句asthough3.Their eyes barely

10、 move, and they always have the samedistant expression on their faces.It is _ _ theyare asleep with their eyes open.他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。句式结构句式3：as though 意为“仿佛；好像”，引导表语从句教材原句While4._ it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder to dis

11、tinguishwhen students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。句式结构句式 4：连词 while 表示让步关系，意为“虽然；尽管”，相当于 though/although课文复现Just like 1._ (speak) language, body language2._ (vary) from culture to culture.For example, making eyecontact in some countries is a way 3._ (display)int

12、erest while men and women are not 4._ (social)permitted to make eye contact in many Middle Eastern countries.In many countries, shaking ones head means “no” and5._ (nod) ones head means “yes”.By 6._(compare), the gestures have the opposite meaning in Bulgaria and7._ (south) Albania.spokenvariesto di

13、splaysociallynoddingcomparisonsouthernSmiling has many different uses.A smile can help us get8._difficult situations, find friends in a world of strangers9._ break down barriers.If were feeling down or lonely,theres nothing better 10._ seeing the smiling face of agood friend.orthanthrough单句语法填空varyi

14、ngwitnessing1.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objectsof _ (vary) weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa andtimed their fall to the ground.favours2.However, her children have learned an important lesson_ (witness)their mother earn her degree.3.Opportunity _ (favour) those with a curi

15、ousmind.4.The company gave its _ (approve) to hisapplication.differenceinteraction5.From the appearance, we cannot tell the _ (differ)between the twins.6.Informal _ (interact) among employees isseen as part of the ongoing training process.7.Their objective was _ (demonstrate)peacefullyfor civil righ

16、ts.to demonstrateapprovalare employedreactsanxiety8.Many graduates _ (employ)in theelectronics and computing industries now.9.It shows us how iron _ (react) with air andwater.10.Millions of jobless Americans might be suffering in_ (anxious) and lacking a sense of security.1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变【原句】 J

17、ust like spoken language, body language variesfrom culture to culture.(教材 P38)就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。【典例】Typing patternsvary from personto person. 打字模式因人而异。The menu varies with the season.菜单随季节而变动。【归纳】vary in sth.在某方面不同vary with sth.随而变化vary between.and. vary from.to. 由到情况不等【即学即用】单句语法填空to(1)Opinions on t

18、his matter vary greatly from person _person.avarietyofvarietiesof句式改写，每空一词(2)For various reasons, Id prefer not to meet him.( 改为同义句)For _ _ _ reasons, Id prefer not tomeet him.For _ _reasons, Id prefer not to meet him.2.favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同【原句】 Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowi

19、ngfrom the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someoneelse.(教材 P38)在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。【典例】Opportunities and success tend to bein favour of those whoare ready.机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。【归纳】in favour of.支持in ones favour 对某人有利do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人的忙ask sb.for a favourask a favour of sb.

20、请求某人帮忙【拓展】(1)favourable adj.赞同的；有利的(2)favoured adj.受到宠爱的；得到偏爱的【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ favourof younger men.infavourable(2)The conditions are _ (favour) for opening anew business.3.occupy vt.占据；占用【原句】 Wit

21、h their chins on their hands, they occupythemselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.(教材P44)双手托着下巴，他们专心盯着窗外或天花板。【典例】 It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoidfoolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.它鼓励我们占据自己的小角落， 避免愚蠢地跳进黑暗， 满足于此。Sheis fully occupied in looking

22、after three small children.She fullyoccupies herself in looking after three smallchildren.她忙于照料三个小孩儿。【归纳】be occupied in doing sth./with sth.忙于做某事occupy oneself with/in doing sth.忙于做某事；专心于做某事keep sb.occupied 使某人忙碌【拓展】(1)表示“忙于做某事”的短语有：be engaged in doing sth.,be busy in doing sth./with sth., be buried

23、 in doing sth., be employedin doing sth.。(2)occupation n.占用； 职业【即学即用】单句语法填空occupied(1)She needs things to keep her _ (occupy) so shedoesnt get into trouble.Occupyingherselfwith句式改写，每空一词(2)She occupied herself with routine office tasks and had notime to attend to her children.Occupiedwith_ _ _ routin

24、e office tasks, she hadno time to attend to her children.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)_ _routine office tasks, she had no timeto attend to her children.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)4.distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别【原句】 While it is easy to perceive when students areinterested, bored, or distracted, it is sometimes much harder todisting

25、uish when students are troubled.(教材 P44)尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。【典例】 People who cannot distinguish between colors are said tobe colour-blind.不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。What was it thatdistinguished herfrom her classmates?是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？distinguished herself as an athlete. 作为She has

26、already运动员她已享有盛名。【归纳】distinguish between.and.辨别和distinguish.from. 使 有别于 的特征 ；辨别和distinguish oneself by.通过显示自己或使自己扬名distinguish oneself for.因而出名distinguish oneself (as.)(作为)表现突出【拓展】distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for.因而出名【即学即用】单句语法填空fromdistinguishedfor(1)Open your eyes to distinguish r

27、ight _ wrong, closeyour eyes and think calmly.(2)My brother is a most _ (distinguish)managreat actor.(3)She was distinguished _ her ability to make herideas clear.5.adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯【原句】 Their body language lets me know when to adjustclass activities, when to intervene, and when to tal

28、k to studentsindividually.(教材 P44)他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候调整课堂活动，什么时候进行干预，什么时候与学生单独交谈【典例】You will quickly adjust yourself to student life.你将很快适应学生生活。It took him a while to adjust to working night shifts.他过了一段时间才适应了上夜班。【归纳】adjust sth.(to sth.) 调整(以适应)adjust oneself to.使自己适应adjust to (doing) sth.适应/习惯(做)某事【拓展】

29、(1)adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的(2)adjustment n.调整；调节make adjustments to 对做出调整【即学即用】单句语法填空adjustmentsliving(1)We must make some _ (adjust) to our originalplan because of emergencies.(2)It took her a while to adjust to _ (live)alone.1.break down 消除；分解；打破；中断；出故障【原句】 A smile can break down barriers.(教材 P39)

30、微笑可以打破障碍。【典例】Getting young people together will help to break down thebarriers between them.把年轻人聚集起来会有助于消除他们之间的隔阂。【拓展】break through 突破； 突围； 有新的重大发现break up (使)破碎； 结束； 解散break out 爆发(不用于被动语态); 突发break in 打断； 闯入break away(from) 脱离； 挣脱break into 闯入； 破门而入【即学即用】单句语法填空downdownout(1)The two countries are g

31、oing to meet to break_some barriers to trade between them.(2)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networksbreak_ in disasters.(3)I was still sleeping when the fire broke _ ， andthen it spread quickly.2.in other words 换句话说；也就是说【原句】 In other words.(教材 P43)换句话说【典例】They asked him to leave in other

32、words he was fired. 他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。【拓展】in a word 总之；简言之have a word with.与谈一谈have words with.与争论keep ones word 遵守诺言break ones word 失信；食言word came that.的消息传来【即学即用】单句语法填空words(1)In other _ (word) ，you need to briefly state whatyour application does.完成句子，每空一词keepherword(2)她说她 7 点钟到，他认为她会遵守诺言。She said

33、 she would be there at seven oclock，and he thoughtshe would_ _ _.3.at work 有某种影响；在工作【原句】 However, if a student does not bother to brush herhair and her eyes are red from weeping, then I can infer that thereare deeper issuesat work.(教材 P44)但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。【典例】The machine is

34、at work.这台机器正在运转。 With your antivirus softwareat work, your computer iswell protected.有杀毒软件发挥作用，你的电脑得到了很好的保护。【拓展】out of work 失业work on 致力于；从事于work out 计算出；解决；制定出；产生效果；锻炼【即学即用】单句语法填空aton(1)He spends less time _work than at play.(2)After Jack had sent some e-mails, he started working_ his project.1.An

35、d if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothingbetter than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.(教材P39)如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。【剖析】 本句是“否定词比较级”句式， 是用比较级表达最高级的句式之一， 意为“没有比更的”。常用的否定词有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly 等。【典例】 Personally, she would like nothing better than to accept

36、this invitation.就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。I couldnt agree with you more.我非常同意你。【点津】用比较级表达最高级的常用句式有：比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thanthe rest of复数名词或不可数名词【即学即用】单句语法填空(1)Tom is _ (intelligent) than any otherstudent in his class.more intelligentworse(2)The weather couldnt be _ (bad).完成句子，每空一词

37、(3)没有什么比足够的水和睡眠对你更好的了。There is _ _ for you _ plenty ofwater and sleep.nothingbetterthan2.Their eyes barely move, and they always have the samedistant expression on their faces.It is as though they are asleepwith their eyes open.(教材 P44)他们的眼睛几乎不动，脸上表情疏远呆滞，好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。【剖析】 句中 it 指代前一句描述的行为表现(眼睛几乎不动，表情疏远

38、呆滞)，连词 as though 相当于 as if, 意为“好像；好比”，引导的是表语从句。【典例】(2020天津卷阅读表达)I didnt feel as though I needed tokeep up with anybody else.我不觉得我需要和其他人同步。It seems as though it was spring already.现在好像是春天了。【点津】(1)as though/if 意为“仿佛；好像”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。(2)as though/if 后面的从句可用虚拟语气，表示一种假设或不大可能的事。从句表示与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示

39、与过去事实相反时，用 had过去分词；表示将来的可能性不大的情况时，用 would/could/might动词原形。(3)从句的省略：若 as though/if 引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为 be，则省略“从句主语be”，从句就变成了“as though/if形容词/副词/名词/介宾短语/分词/不定式”。【即学即用】单句语法填空werewere brokenis(1)Dont handle the vase as if it_ (be)made of steel.(2)When a pen is partly put into a glass of water, it loo

40、ks asit_ (break).(3)Look! Dark clouds are gathering.It looks as if it_(be) going to rain.【题目】根据下面提示写一篇英语短文介绍肢体语言。1.肢体语言的作用(如传递信息等)；2.明白在不同文化中肢体语言的重要性；3.你对肢体语言的看法。注意：1.词数 80 左右；2.标题已经给出，不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Body Language_参考范文：Body LanguageBody language is used by people to send messages to oneanother.When talking with others, you are not just using words, butalso using expressions and body movements.Different countries have different body language.When you