2022年内蒙古师范大学鸿德学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、2022年内蒙古师范大学鸿德学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author,

2、 technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impre

3、ssive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至1J： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of

4、anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their exi

5、stence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression,violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In

6、 human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed

7、. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的

8、第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】They always complained （抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed th

9、at their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-childr

10、en relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.There are so man

11、y criticism to their parents among the young people.Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是what are the criticisms?的问题因此选择C。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed

12、 away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, t

13、o the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the w

14、orld because.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。only是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对 照原文第自然段最后句话 there was something quite exceptional about this wo

15、man说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大局部积攒的钱捐献 给了家乡的大学，A和B表达都不全面，答案是C。第5题【单项选择题】music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible

16、【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大， 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响， 更可能受到抑制。第71题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk

17、completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope. Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A、It is made of metal.B、It is a kind of watch battery.It can

18、 only be seen with a microscope.It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.【正确答案】D【答案解析】做题步骤：四个选项逐一带到原文，找到三个错误选项，一个正确 选项，比NOT TRUE题难。第72题【单项选择题】On average about 5000 a year is spent on each private school pupil,the amount spent on state school pupils.A、as twice as35B、twice more asC more than twice

19、D、more twice than【正确答案】c【答案解析】英语中表示是的两倍用twice as much （many） as,表示是的两 倍多那么可用more than twice。所以答案为C。第73题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天t生）are express

20、ed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evid

21、ence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a

22、 strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behav

23、ior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“a learned behavior%可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即36 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约:The many expressions of h

24、uman violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第74题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3

25、packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning. However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school

26、than she would if I made a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 pa

27、cked lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项c为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第75题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spe

28、nd a lot of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation. They37 all come

29、for the same reason: sun!ln the paragraph, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned.A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climateB、to tell us how wealthy their residents areC、to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beaut

30、yD、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的气候特点，这些不利的 地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题/包、O第76题【单项选择题】2010.04 There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it.A、repairB、to repairC、repairingD、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作

31、宾语补语，表示被动 以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第77题【单项选择题】The two girls competed with each other the highest mark.A、forB、withC、toD、against【正确答案】A【答案解析】compete for比赛夺取;compete against/with和竞赛；句意:这38两个女孩互相竞争，以取得最高分。第78题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people ge

32、t better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has d

33、one much to increase the number of people living alone.It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的 妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第79题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet h

34、ad to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工 厂）;（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第80题【单项选择题】39【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental

35、engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton

36、 bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第6题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】 Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road,

37、 it is not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是 个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第7题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、it【完成句子】Intelligence

38、was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearl

39、y necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment

40、for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was somethin

41、g a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第81题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees t

42、hat have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow/ In the meeting we discussed starting a hydropon

43、ics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farm40C、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co

44、细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍 chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土 地。第82题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year; in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food

45、 on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第83题【单项选择题】This project is deserving further investigation.A、withB、toC、ofD、for【正确答案】c【答案解析】句意：这个工程值得进一步调查。deserving of：应受到，值得。第84题【单项选择题】41【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been real

46、ized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads

47、to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious d

48、iseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第85题【单项选择题】His intelligence will him to get a scholarship to college.A、enableB、persuadeC、suggestD、employ【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：他的聪明才智将使他获得大学奖学金。此题是动词词 义选择题。此题是A使能够、使可能 B说服、劝说 C建议、提议 D雇第86题【单项选择题】2010.04)In order to follow fashions, the girl has

49、 to great discomforts.A、catch up with42B、put up withC keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第87题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive la

50、te.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第88题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no

51、fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure43【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这

52、段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因此选择Do第89题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往）,on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if

53、they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers （老前辈， 老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is.Hong Kong is worthy of its re

54、putation as a business center of the world.It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services.C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God !D、 Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段强调的是这里“顾客是上帝”的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。第90题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Th

55、e author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. That is at least as important as how much we know.Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.H

56、e keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided44 attention for four minutes.D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along wi

57、th other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观 点句是通常论述文的开展特点，因此判断D正确。第91题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security

58、, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hi

59、llary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第92题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫士也盘的天t生）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities th

60、at humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence45 shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of huma