大三第二学期儿科学绪论

1、CHILDRENS MEDICAL CENTERTHE SECOND XIANG-YA HOSPITALCENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY中南大学湘雅二医院儿童医学中心同学们来我科学习中南大学湘雅二医院儿童医学中心基本情况介绍1958年：组建儿科1978年：儿科学硕士点1986年：儿科学博士点2000年：博士后流动站2001年：湖南省“十五”重点学科2004年：成立中南大学儿科学研究所 儿科学获国家级精品课程2006年：湖南省“十一五”重点学科2011年：湖南省“十二五”重点学科2012年：儿童医学中心儿童医学中心和儿科学教研室： 小儿内科、呼吸专科、心血管专科、神经专科、肾脏专

2、科（湖南省小儿肾脏病临床中心）、血液专科、重症医学专科、新生儿专科、儿童保健康复专科、儿科门急诊儿科学研究所： 小儿心血管研究室、小儿肾脏病研究室、小儿神经疾病和脑损伤研究室、新生儿疾病研究室、呼吸实验室、血液实验室、儿童保健实验室教 授：20人客座教授：2人副 教 授：6人主治医师：8人住院医师：10人博士生导师：6人护 士：80多人实验技术人员：10人教辅人员：1人易著文，周汉昭，严淑芳，谢振武，余孝良历届儿科主任儿科学研究所所长：毛定安儿童医学中心主任：毛定安副所长（副主任）：何庆南、王成、吴小川 研究所办公室主任：何小解血液病专科主任： 万伍卿神经疾病和脑损伤研究室主任：毛定安心血管研

3、究室主任：王 成肾脏病研究室主任：吴小川肾脏专科、肾病中心主任：党西强新生儿专科主任： 陈平洋新生儿研究室主任：陈平洋新生儿专科副主任：薄 涛PICU主任： 张星星儿科学 PEDIATRICS授课人：易著文教授第一章 绪论 Introduction Features of Objects From fetus to adolescenceDifferent from adultContinuous growth & developmentPEDIATRICS研究对象特点 Individual difference, Sexual difference, & Aged difference Re

4、habilitated ability to ill is rather powerful Preventional ability themselves is rather poorPEDIATRICS研究对象特点 To study regular pattern of growth & development & the affecting factors in chidren To sduty pediatric diseases To sduty pediatric prevention To sduty pediatric recoveryMEDICAL SCIENCEPEDIATR

5、ICS内容all health problems in children 预防儿科学 Preventive Pediatrics 发育儿科学 Developmental Pediatrics 临床儿科学 Clinical PediatricsPEDIATRICS范围PURPOSE To understand the pediatric features To master the age stage and features in childPEDIATRICS目的Basic Medical Features Anatomy from small to large Functions phys

6、iologic & biochemistric & immunologic functions are gradual perfection Pathology response to germ is different for different age stage psychology & behaviour continuity & plasticityPEDIATRICS基础医学特点Clinical Medical Features Category of disease Clinical Manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Prev

7、entionPEDIATRICS临床医学特点胎儿期 Fetal Period from fertilized ovum to delivery (about 40 weeks)Feature easy abortion or malformation formed by any risk factor 年龄分期新生儿期 Neonatal Periodfrom umbilical ligation to 28 day old Features Beginning living independently Lack the ability of physiological regulation a

8、nd to adapt to circumstances Morbidity & mortality are very high 年龄分期 婴儿期 Infancy from delivery to 1 year oldFeatures rapid growth period fastest brain growth nutrition & energy requirements are more digestive & absorbing functions are poor passive immunity gradually diminishes年龄分期 幼儿期 Toddlerhoodfr

9、om 1 to 3 years oldFeatures growth es slower more activity and more contact with the outer world intelligence development es faster poor ability to identify danger年龄分期 学龄前期 Preschool Periodfrom 3 years old to 6-7 years oldFeatures growth es slower, intelligence development es more mature strong desi

10、re of knowledge, imitation of adults behavior poor ability to identify danger 年龄分期 学龄期 School Age from 6-7 years old to adolescenceFeature growth es steadier intelligence development es more mature increasing desire of knowledge decreasing incidence of diseases年龄分期 青春期 Adolescencefrom the appearance of 2nd sexual character to genitality maturity and growth completiongirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsBoy