学习各论1单词一

1、laets, thrombocyte 血小板 hemostasis 生理性止血 thrombocyte adhe血小板黏附 thrombocyte aggregation 血小板 thrombocyte release 血小板blood coagulation 血液凝固serumblood clotting factor 凝血因子thrombin 凝血酶tie factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI 组织因子途径抑制物antithrombin 抗凝血酶heparin 肝素 plasminogen 纤溶酶原 plasmin 纤溶酶blood group 血型 aggluti

2、nogen 凝集原 agglutination 凝集素cross match test 交叉配血试验 extramedullary hemopoiesis 髓外造血 mirror image cell细胞-Hodgkins lymoma 非病mycosis fungoides 蕈样霉菌病 Reed-steinberg cell R-S 细胞 leukemoid reaction 类白血病反应 lacunar cell 陷窝细胞hairy cell leukemia 毛细胞白血病chloroma 绿色瘤leukemia 白血病malignant lymoma 恶性淋巴瘤 lymoid neopl

3、asms 淋巴样肿瘤 Burkitts lymoma Burkitt 淋巴瘤 Hodgkins lym oma病抗凝血药oagulant drugs肝素 heparin低分子量肝素 Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)鱼精蛋白 Protamine香豆素类 Coumarins双香豆素 DicoumarolWarfarin抗血小板药 Antiplaet drugs终板电位 End-plate potential兴奋-收缩耦联 Exciion-contraction coupling前负荷 Preload后负荷 Afterload收缩能力 Contractility

4、单收缩 Single twitch临界收缩频率 Critical fuse frequency强直收缩 tetanus最适初长度 optimal initial length等长收缩 Isometric contraction等张收缩 Isotonic contraction血液blood血浆 plasma红细胞 erythrocyte血红蛋白 hemoglobin 网织红细胞 reticulocyte白细胞 leukocyte中性粒细胞 neutroil嗜酸粒细胞 eosino il嗜碱粒细胞 baso il单核细胞 monocyte 淋巴细胞 lymocyte血小板 blood plaet

5、骨髓 bone marrow造血干细胞 hemopoietic stem cellHematocrit 血细胞比容 blood volume 血量 viscosity 粘滞性colloid osmotic prere 胶体渗透压 crystalloid osmotic prere 晶体渗透压ghost cell 影细胞isotonic solution 等张溶液suspenstability 红细胞的悬浮稳定性erythrocyte sedimenion rate，ESR 红细胞沉降率rouleaux formation 红细胞叠连促红细胞生成素didesis 血细胞渗出cardiac cyc

6、le 心动周期 systole 收缩期 diastole 舒张期period of isovolumic contraction 等缩期period of ra ejection 快速射血期 period of slow ejection 减慢射血期 period of isovolumic relaxation 等张期period of ra filling 快速充盈期period of slow filling 减慢充盈期onocardiogram 心音图 stroke volume 每搏输出量 ejection fraction 射血分数 cardiac output 心输出量 card

7、iac index 心指数ventricular function curve 心室功能曲线cardiac contractility 心肌收缩能力 rigor complex 肌纤蛋白联结体 cardiac reserve 心力贮备 autorhythmicity 自律性working cardiac cell 工作细胞rhythmic cell 自律细胞effective refractory period 有效不应期 relative refractory period 相对不应期 supranormal period 超常期 pacemaker 起搏点preoccupation 抢先占

8、领 overdrive suppres驱动压抑 Electrocardiogram (ECG) 心电图aorta 主动脉ascendinrta 升主动脉 aortic arch 主动脉弓 descendinrta 降主动脉 thoracic aorta 胸主动脉 abdominal aorta 腹主动脉common carotid artery 颈总动脉 external carotid artery 颈外动脉 ernal carotid artery 颈内动脉superior thyroid artery 甲状腺上动脉阿司匹林 ( 乙 酰水 杨酸 ) Aspirin (Acetylsalic

9、ylic acid)噻氯匹啶 Ticloine双嘧达莫 Dipyridamole单抗 Abciximab蛋白溶解药 Thrombolytic drugs链激酶 Streptokinase (SK)尿激酶 Urokinase (UK)组织纤溶酶原 激活因 子 Tie plasminogen activator ( t-PA)促凝血 药 Drugsfortreatmentof bleeding维生素K Vitamine K抗蛋白溶解剂 Antifibrinolytics氨甲苯酸 p-Aminomethylbenzoic acide (PAMBA)氨甲环酸 Tranexamic acid (AMCH

10、A)抗贫血药 Drugs for treatment of anemia铁剂 Iron and iron salts叶酸 Folic acid甲酰四氢叶酸钙 Calcium folinate维生素B12 Vitamin B12红细胞生成素(EPO)血细胞生长促 进药 Hematopoietic growgents促白细胞生成药 Drugs stimulating leukocytopoiesis粒 细 胞 集 落 刺 激 因 子 (G-CSF) Granulaocyte colony-stimulating factor粒细胞/ 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (GM-CSF)Granulaocyte/

11、macroage colony-stimulating factor血容量扩充剂 Drugs for treatment of hypovolemia右旋糖酐 Dextrancirculatory system 循环系统capillary 毛细 sinusoid 血窦 artery 动脉 vein 静脉endocardium 心内膜 myocardium 心肌膜 cardium 心外膜thoroughfare channel 直捷通路 arteriovenous st 动-静脉短路 filtration 滤过reabsorption 重吸收effective filtration prere，

12、EFP 有效滤过压itive chronotropic action 正性变时作用itive dromotropic action 正性变传导作用itive inotropic action 正性变力作用 vasomotor tone 交感缩紧张 cardiovascular center 心中枢 baroreceptor reflex 压力感受性反射 buffer nerves 缓冲神经volume receptor 容量感受器chemoreceptor 化学感受器brain ischemic response 脑缺血反应rennin 肾素angiotensi紧张素II endotheliu

13、m-derived relaxing factor,EDRF 内皮舒张因子nitric oxide, NO 一氧化氮NO synse, NOS 一氧化氮合酶 endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor factor, EDCF 内皮缩因子 endothelin 内皮素bradykinin 缓激肽atrial natriuretic peptide, ANP 心房钠尿肽prostaglandin, PG素 opioid peptide 阿片肽 pulmonary vein 肺静脉 superior vena cava 上腔静脉brachiocealic vein (o

14、r innominate vein) 头臂静脉(或无名静脉)ernal jugular vein 颈内静脉external jugular vein 颈外静脉cealic vein 头静脉 basilic vein 贵要静脉 azygos vein 奇静脉 hemiazygos vein 半奇静脉subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉 thyrocervical trunk 甲状颈干 axillary artery 腋动脉 brachial artery 肱动脉radial artery 桡动脉ulnar artery 尺动脉superfil palmar arch 掌浅弓renal

15、atrery 肾动脉testicular artery动脉ovarian artery动脉coeliac artery (or coeliac trunk) 腹腔动脉(或腹腔干)left gastric artery 胃左动脉 common hepatic artery 肝总动脉 splenic artery 脾动脉superior mesenterlc artery 肠系膜上动脉inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉common iliac artery 髂总动脉 ernal iliac artery 髂内动脉 external iliac artery 髂外动脉

16、femoral artery 股动脉profunda femoris artery 股深动脉popliteal artery 腘动脉anterior tibial artery 胫前动脉terior tibial artery 胫后动脉 superiluteal artery 臀上动脉 inferiluteal artery 臀下动脉 obturator artery 闭孔动脉ernal pudendal artery内动脉uterine artery动脉blood flow 血流量blood prere 血压arterial blood prere 动脉血压 perieral外周阻力 com

17、pliance 顺应性systolic prere 收缩压 diastolic prere 舒张压 pulse prere 脉压mean arterial prere 平均动脉压 central venous prere 中心静脉压 microcirculation 微循环aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄aortic insufficiency 主动脉瓣闭锁不全Shock 休克endotoxic shock 内毒素休克 septic shock 败血症休克 infectious shock性休克 cardiogenic shock 心源性休克hypovolemic shock 低血

18、容量性休克 ischemic anoxiaase of shock 休克缺血性缺氧期stagnant anoxiaase of shock 休克淤血性缺氧期leukocyte adhemolecule ，leu CAMs 白细胞粘附分子myocardial depressant factor ，MDF 心肌抑制因子shock kidney 休克肾 shockg 休克肺 worm shock 暖休克 cold shock 冷休克 Purkinje fiber氏 cardiac valve 心瓣膜 small artery 小动脉 small vein 小静脉 capillary 毛细medium

19、-sized artery 中等动脉 medium-sized vein 中等静脉 Large artery 大动脉large vein 大静脉continuous capillary 连续毛细 fenestrated capillary 有孔毛细 sinsoid 血窦ischemia-reperfuinjuries 缺血再灌注损伤oxygen paradox 氧反常calcium paradox 钙反常aradox反常ischemic preconditioning 缺血预适应 oxygen free radicals (OFR) 氧基 reactive oxygen species (RO

20、S）活性氧 liperoxidation 脂质过氧化 mitochondrial permeability transition pore 线粒体渗透性转换孔vertebral venous plexus 椎静脉丛 inferior vena cava 下腔静脉 small saenous vein 小隐静脉 great saenous vein 大隐静脉 portal vein 门静脉lymatic ves 淋巴管 lymatic trunk 淋巴干 thoracic duct 胸导管right lymatic du淋巴导管lymnode 淋 spleen 脾 thymus 胸腺rheuma

21、tism 风湿病Aschoody 阿小体rheumatic pancarditis 风湿性全心炎 rheumatic endocarditis 风湿性心内膜炎verrucous vegeion 疣状赘生物 Mac Callums plaques 马氏斑 rheumatic myocarditis 风湿性心肌炎 rheumatic pericarditis 风湿性心包炎/心外膜炎obliterative pericarditis 缩窄性心包炎 rheumatic arthritis 风湿性关节炎 rheumatic arteritis 风湿性动脉炎 erythema annulare 环形红斑

22、subcutaneous nodules 皮下结节 essential hyperten性高血压 malignant hyperten恶性高血压病 arteriolosclerosis 小动脉硬化症 atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化症 coronary heart disease 冠心病anginctois 心绞痛myocardial infarct 心肌梗死 ventricular aneurysm 室壁（动脉）瘤 mural thromis 附壁血栓bacterial endocarditis 细菌性心内膜炎 valvular diseases of the heart 心瓣膜

23、病 mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣闭锁不全essential hyperten性高血压 atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化症 arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化呼吸系统 respiratory system消化系统 digestive system 能量代谢 energy metabolism体温 body temperature发热 fever泌尿系统 urinary system上呼吸道 upper respiratory tract下呼吸道 lower respiratory tract鼻腔 nasal鼻阈 l

24、imen nasi鼻甲 nasal conchae鼻道 nasal meatuses蝶筛隐窝 senoethmoidal res鼻泪管 nasolacrimal duct嗅区 olfactory region鼻旁窦 paranasal sinuses额窦 frontal sinus上颌窦 maxillary sinus筛窦 ethmoidal sinus蝶窦 senoidal sinus咽arynx喉 larynx甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage环状软骨 cricoid cartilage 会厌软骨glottic cartilage弹性圆锥 conus elasticus声襞(或声

25、带) vocal fold (or vocal cord)声门裂 rima glottidis气管 trachea气管杈 bifurcation of trachea气管隆嵴 carina of trachea 支气管 bronchus肺g肺门 hilum ofg肺根 root ofg支气管肺段 bronchopulmonary segments纵隔 mediastinumxanthine oxidase 黄嘌呤氧化酶respiratory burst 呼吸爆发neutroil activation 中性粒细胞激活calcium homeostasis 钙稳态calcium overload

26、钙超载no-reflowenome无复流现象myocardial stunning 心肌顿抑抗高血压药 Antihypertensive agent b 受体阻滞药 b receptor blockerPropranolol哌唑嗪 Prazosin噻嗪类 Thiazide紧张素转化酶 Angiotensin converting enzyme美西律 Mexiletine拉贝labetaolol美托Metoprolol Captopril洛沙坦 LosartanAntiarrhythmic drugs 抗心律失常药 Na+ channel blockers 钠通道阻滞药 QuinidinePro

27、cainamide胺Lidocaine 利多卡因enytoin 苯妥英钠 Mexiletine 美西律 Flecainide 氟卡尼 EncainidePropafee 普罗帕酮b Adrenoreceptor blockers 肾上腺素受体阻断药PropranololDrugs for selective prolongation of repolarization 选择性延长复极的药物 Amiodarone 胺碘酮Sotalol 索他rheumatic endocarditis 风湿性心内膜炎rheumatic myocarditis 风湿性心肌炎bacterial endocarditi

28、s 细菌性心内膜炎缺氧 Hypoxia低氧血症 Hypoxemia氧分压 Partial prere of oxygen氧容量 Oxygen capacity氧含量 Oxygen content氧饱和度 Oxygen saturation低缺氧 Hypotonic hypoxi血液性缺氧 Hemic hypoxia等低氧血症 Isotonic hypoxemia循环性缺氧 Circulatory hypoxia 组织性缺氧 Histogenous hypoxia发绀Cyanosis高铁血红蛋白血症 Methemoglobinemia碳氧血红蛋白血症 Carboxyhemoglobinemia肠

29、原性发绀 Enterogenous cyanosis呼吸衰竭 Respiratory failure限制性通气 Restrictive hypoventilation阻塞性通气 Obstructive hypoventilation等压点 Isobaric po肺泡通气与血流比例失调 Ventilation-perfuimbalance功能性分流 Functional st死腔样通气 Dead-space like ventilation真正分流 True st巨细胞 Langhans giant cell结核结节 tubercle性肺结核 primary pulmonary tubercul

30、osis综合征 primary complex继发性肺结核 secondary pulmonary tuberculosis结核球 tuberculoma急性呼吸窘迫综合征 Acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS 肺性脑病 Pulmonary encealopathy潮式呼吸 Cheyne-stokes respiratory壁胸膜 parietal pleura胸膜腔 pleural胸膜隐窝（胸膜窦） pleural reses呼吸系统 Respiratory system气管 Trachea肺g细支气管bronchoile支气管bronchi肺泡

31、 Pulmonary alveolus尘细胞 Dust cell气-血屏障Blood-air barrier呼吸 Respiration肺通气 Pulmonary ventilation 呼吸运动 Respiratory movement吸气运动 Inspiratory movement用力呼吸 Forced breathing呼吸Dyspnea肺内压rapulmonary prere压rapleural prere肺顺应性g compliance表面活性物质 Surfactant 肺容积Pulmonary volume肺容量 Pulmonary capacity潮气量 Tidal volume补吸气量 Inspiratory reserve volume补呼气量 Expiratory reserve volume残气量 Residual volume深吸气量 Inspiratory capacity功能残气量 Functional residual capacity肺活量 Vital capacity用力呼气量 Forced expiratory volume时间肺活量 Timed vital capacity每分通气量 Minute ventilation volum