【创新设计】（新课标）高考英语一轮复习 语法讲解 情态动词 虚拟语气和句式 3.18 备受命题人青睐的“情态动词 have done”课件 新人教版

1、18 备受命题人青睐的“情态动词+have done”A。句意:孩子们一定在树林里迷路了;否则, 他们会按照计划到达湖边的营地。根据句意可知,孩子们现在还没有到达, 此处表示对过去事情的推测, 故用“must have done”形式。B。此处意为“对不起,那天我本不该对你大吼的”。根据句意可知,此处含有自责的意味,因此用“shouldnt+ have done”,表示“本不该做某事却做了”,故答案为B。The children _ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as schedu

2、led.A. must have got B. must getC. should have got D. should getIm sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shouted2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6w

3、ould have done情态动词+have done1must have done“情态动词+have done”结构被普遍认为是一个难点,因为它们表示的意义各不相同,可谓错综复杂。有些表示推测,有些表示责备；有的常用于肯定句,有的常用于否定句和疑问句等。要弄清楚它们之间的区别,必须理解每一种结构表示的意义：情态动词+have done2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done1must have

4、 done表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行肯定的推测。只用于肯定句,意思是“一定,准是”。如：The teacher must have thought Johnson was worth it, or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose.对现在事情的推测,表示“一定,肯定”时用“must+动词原形”。-Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?-She must be in the classroom. I saw her there just now.2may/might have done3can/cou

5、ld have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done2may/might have done表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态进行不太肯定的推测,意为“也许已经”。一般用于肯定句或否定句。“might have done”还可用于虚拟语气,表示“本来可能做某事而实际上没做”。如: where is my book? I remember I putit here yesterday.-You might have put it in the wrong place.(

6、推测)If he had worked harder he might have succeeded. (虚拟语气)2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done3can/could have done表示对过去事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”,常用于否定句和疑问句；“could have done”还可用于虚拟语气,表示“过去本能够做某事而实际上没做”。如: My MP5 player isnt in m

7、y bag. Where can I have put it? (推测) If he had come yesterday, I could have told him about it.(虚拟语气)2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done4neednt have done表示过去没有必要做某事却做了，含有“本来不必”之意。如：There was plenty of time. You neednt

8、have hurried.时间很充足，你本来不必那么慌张的。（实际上很慌张)2may/might have done3can/could have done5should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done5should have done表示过去本应该做某事但没做,含有责备之意。如：I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I should have driven her there.“should/ought to

9、 have done”的否定式表示过去本来不该做某事却做了。-My cat is really fat.- You shouldnt have given it so much food.2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情态动词+have done1must have done6would have done用于虚拟语气,表示“过去本来会做某事而实际上没做”。如：If I had not told him about the thing, he w

10、ould never have known it.“had better (not) have done”意为 “当时最好（不）做某事”。用于 事后的建议,含有轻微的责备口吻。如:You had better not have scolded her.18 备受命题人青睐的“情态动词+have done”D。句意:亲爱的,你本来没有必要买酒的,因为他们已经不喝了。根据句中的“they have stoppeddrinking”可知应选neednt have bought, 表示“过去本来没有必要买”。故D项正确。B。考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。从语境可知他们在谈论过去的可能性,

11、手提包当时有可能已经被偷走了, 因此选择might have stolen, 表示对过去的情况不太肯定的推测。Honey, you _ alcohol for they have stopped drinking.A. may not have boughtB. mustnt have boughtC. cant have boughtD. neednt have boughtI left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it b

12、ack! I mean, someone _it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolenC. should have stolen D. must have stolen“情态动词+have done”结构是高考考查情态动词的热点之一。在设置题目时,四个选项中至少会出现两个“情态动词+have done”结构的选项,以考查考生对该结构的掌握情况,目的相当明确。对于此类题目,考生可以采取“排除法”来解题。如难点自测第二题所说的是过去的情况,因此考生可以先排除A、C两个选项,然后再从意思上确定B项为正确答案。18 备受命题人青睐的“情态动词+have done”C。句意:校长下楼了, 她可能已经离开宿舍回家去了。may have done表示对过去情况不太肯定的推测,一般用于肯定句或否定句,符合语境。must have done表示对过去的肯定推测；should havedone表示过去该做某事而未做；cant have done表示对过去情况的否定推测。C。句意:她现在失业了，我认为她当年要是留在外面，在一个大城市里工作那就好了。用had better have done表示事后的建议。The head went downstairs; she _ have left the d