ten things you may not know about the vikings张南星关于维京人的十个冷知识

1、Ten things you may not know about the Vikings关于维京人的十个冷知识Think youve got the Vikings pegged? Will the caricatures and stereotypes out there, theresprobably a lot youve never heard about the seafaring Scandinavians who raided and settledcoastal sites in the British Isles andsurprising facts about the

2、Vikings below.betn the nh and 11th centuries. Explore 10你是否维京人在你的思维中已经被贴上了？在漫画和定式思维的影响下，关于这些在九世纪到十一世纪之间，了大不列颠岛以及更远的一些地域，并在当地的维京人，也许还有许多事实是你不知道的。下面，就让人事实吧！一起探索关于维京人的十个惊1. Vikings didnt wear horned helmets.Fet almost every Viking warrior costume youve ever seen. Sure, the pugnacious Norsemenprobably s

3、ported headgear, butt whole horn-festooned helmet look? Dctions dating from theViking age dont show it, and the only authentic Viking helmet ever discovered is decidedlyhorn-free. Paers seem to have fabricated the trend during the 19th century, perhaps inspired by descriptions of northern Europeans

4、by ancient Greek and Roman chroniclers. Long before theVikings time, Norse and Germanic priests didwear horned helmets for ceremonialpures.1. 维京人并没有戴角盔的忘掉你看到的每一套维京战士服装吧！当然，的北欧人也许有戴帽子的，但一定是绑有角的吗？维京人时期的壁画并没有描绘这样的角盔，而唯一所挖掘出来的、真实的头盔是没有角的。在古希腊人和罗马编年史对古代北欧人所做的描述的影响之下，画家们也许是对十九世纪的潮流进行了在仪式上戴角盔。发挥。而远早于维京人时期的

5、挪威和日耳曼牧师们，的确会2. Vikings were known for their excellent hygiene.Betn rowing boats and decapiing enemies, Viking men musve stunk to high Valhalla,right? Quite the opite. Excavations of Viking sites have turned up tzers, razors, combs andear cleaners made from animal bones and antlers. Vikings also bat

6、hedeast once akmuchmore frequentlyn other Europeans of their dayand enjoyed dips in natural hot springs.2. 维京人对卫生的注重远近驰名除了驾船和斩首敌人，维京们就只能在瓦尔哈拉宫（尘世阵亡的的住所）里发出恶臭？恰恰相反，在对维京人居住地的挖掘过程中，考古学家们发现了由动物骨头和鹿角制作的镊子、刮胡刀、梳子，以及耳勺。维京人每周至少沐浴一次远比同一时期的其他欧洲人频繁得多并且懂得享受纯原生态的温泉。3. Vikings used a unique liquid to start fires.

7、Clean freaks though they were, the Vikings had no quaabout harnessing theer of onehuman waste product. They would collect a fungus called touchwood from tree bark and boil it forseveral days in urine before pounding ito something ako felt. The sodium nitrate found inurine would allow the material to

8、 smolder rathern burn, so Vikings could take fire with themon the go.3. 维京人用一种特殊的液体生火维京人虽然是洁癖怪人，但他们却能够很好的利用人类所产生的废物。维京人会收从树皮上收集一种叫做火绒的真菌，并在尿液中将火绒沸煮几天，再将其捶打至与原来相似的物质。尿液中的硝酸盐会使物质慢慢燃烧而不是迅速的烧尽，所以维京人可以持续的使用这种物质生火。4. Vikings buried their dead in boats.Theres no denying Vikings loved their boatsso mucht it

9、 was a great honor to beerred inone.he Norse religion, valiant warriors entered festive and glorious reaafter death, and itwas thoughtt the vest served them well in life would help them reach their finaldestinations. Distinguished raiders and prominent women were often laid to rest in ships, surroun

10、ded by weapons, valuable goods and sometimes even sacrificed slaves.4. 维京人将尸体葬于船中无法否认，维京人极爱他们的船以至于他们认为被葬在船里是一个极大的荣耀。在北欧地区，的战士们有资格进入荣耀之地，而他们生前所使用的战船会送他们到最终的回归之地。优秀的战士和杰出的女性常常在于船中。、珍贵的货物，甚至是陪葬的围绕下，安息5. Vikings were activehe slave trade.Many Vikings got rich off human trafficking. They would capture an

11、d enslave women and youngmen whilllaging Anglo-Saxon, Celtic and Slavic settlements. These “thralls,” as they wereknown, were then sold in giant slave markets across Europe and the Middle East.5. 维京人交易中非常活跃致富。当他们许京人通过了人（大不列颠东部、南部）、凯尔特人或者斯拉夫人的居住地之后，会抓住当地的女人和年轻作为。这些所谓的会被于欧洲和中东的巨大交易市场之中。6. Viking women

12、 enjoyed some basic rights.Viking girls got hitched as young as 12 and had to mind the household while their husbands sailedoff on adventures. Still, they had more freedomn other women of their era. As long as theywerent thralls, Viking women could inherit property, request a divorce and reclaim the

13、ir dowries if their marriages ended.6. 维京女人们享有一些基本权利维京在 12 岁时就会绑住：嫁做人妇、在丈夫外出航行时看家。但她们相比同时代的女性有的。只要她们不是，维京女人就能够继承、主动提出离婚，并在婚约解除之时要求拿回她们的嫁妆。7. Viking men spent most of their time farming.This may come as a disappoment, but most Viking men brandished scythes, not swords. True, some were callous pirates

14、 who only stepped off their boats to burn villages, but the vast majoritypeacefully sowed barley, rye and oatseast for part of the year. They also raised cattle, goats,pigs and sheep on their small farms, which typically yielded just enough food to support a family.7. 维京人生活中的大多数时间都在务农这也许是挺让人失望的一件事，维

15、京们最经常使用的不是剑，而是镰刀。没错，有些维京人的确是冷酷无情的海盗，只会烧杀抢夺，但大多数人还是在种植大麦、黑麦和燕麦至少一年中总会有一段时间都在这样做。他们也在自己的小农场中饲养牛而这些常常只够他们恰好养活一家人。、猪和绵羊，8. Vikings skied for fun.Scandinavians developed primitive skis at least 6,000 years ago, though ancient Russians may have invented them even ear r. By the Viking Age, Norsemen regarde

16、d skiing as an efficient way to get around and a popular form of recreation. They even worshipped a god of skiing, Ullr.8. 维京人以滑雪为乐虽然古俄罗斯人比斯堪的纳维亚人更早发明滑雪橇，但早在 6000 年前，斯堪的纳维亚人（主要是指古代北欧地区的人）已经发展出了极其精美的滑雪橇。直到维京时期，北欧人们都把滑雪视为一种有效的交通方式，同时也是一种受欢迎的方式。他们甚至滑雪之神尓。9. Viking gentlemen preferred being blond.To con

17、form to their cultures beauty ideals, brunette Vikingsusually menwould use a strongsoap wihigh lye content to bleach their hair. In some regions, beards were lightened as well.Its likely these treatments also helped Vikings wiproblem far more prickly and r mousy manes: head lice.9. 维京绅士们更偏好把头发弄成浅色an

18、tn为符合他们的审美观，深棕色的维京人通常是会使用一种含有强碱性物质的肥皂漂白他们的头发。在某些地区，胡子也会被漂白。这种处理方式似乎能够解决维京人原本头发还是灰褐色时，无法控制且令他们无时无刻感到刺痛的难题：头虱。10. Vikings were nevart of a unified group.Vikings didnt recognize fellow Vikings. In fact, they probably didnt even call themselvesVikings: The term simply referred to all Scandinavians who took part in overseas expeditions.During the Viking Age, the land patchwork of chieftain-led tribes wreaking havoc on foreign shores,1