作文炼句第35篇译文老师笔记

1、1- size up词典释义：size upVERB 短语动词 打量;估计;判断;评估If yousize upa or think about1.PHRASALor situation,you carefully look at thethe situation, sot youcan decide how to act.【语法信息】：(not pron)【语法信息】：V nP【语域】：INFORMAL 非正式Some US manufacturers have been sizing up the UK as asible marketfor their clothes.一些在市场。生产商

2、一直在观察英国是否会成为他们的成衣潜He spent the evening sizing me up打量我。ellectually.他整晚都在若有所思地外刊例句：It is a sensitive subject for many. Still, a lot ofanisations would like tobe able to sizeup those who use theirservi. （）对于许多组织而言，这是个敏感话题。不过许多组织都将能评估那些使用他们服1.面试是否是衡量一个可能成为雇员的人的准确方式取决于面试官的特色，面试本身以及应聘者这三者。Whether anervie

3、w is an accurate way of sizing up （1.衡量）a prospective employee（2.一个可能成为雇员的人） hinges on （3.取决于）characteristics of theerviewer, the erview itself, and theervie.务的用户。替换表达：assess/evaluate学生错误表达：（1）measure点评：measure 作动词时一般的说法是 measure somebody/somethingagainst somebody/something，将与作比较，这里用assess/evaluate

4、比较好。2- a prospective employee词典释义：prospectiveprspek.tvadjectiveprospective buyers/employers/parents,etc.people who are expected to buy something/employparent, etc潜在的客户可能成为雇主的人即将为人父母者等e aWeve had three sets ofprospectivebuyers looking round the house.已经有三批可能买房子的人来看过房子了。ADVANCED外刊例句：This is a situatio

5、nalerviewing techniquetes anon-the-jobproblem to see how the prospectiveemployee willrespond. （）这是一种情景面试技术，可以模拟出“真实工作”问题，从而观察到面试者会如果应对这些问题。替换表达：asible/potential employee学生错误表达：（1）a latentemployee点评：latent 一般指“潜在的，潜伏的（疾病、或紧张关系等）”，例如：Theremains latenthe body for many years.这种会在体内潜伏许多年。不能用 latent 来指潜在的

6、雇员。（2）rson whomaye an employee点评：语法上没错，但表达过于冗长，可以改为 a potential/prospectiveemployee3- hinge on词典释义：hingePhrasalVerbshinge on/upon sthIf one thing hinges on another, the second thing or is very influenced by itthing depends依靠，取决于on theThe prosecutions casehingedon the evidence of awitness who diedbef

7、ore the trial.控方的案子取决于一位证人的去。，而该证人已在审判前死外刊例句：Thefuture of Islamic bing in Bangladesh may hinge on whetherhe is right.（）孟加拉国的业的前景取决于他是否正确。替换表达：depend on/hang on学生错误表达：（1）in点评：in 是指“睡懒觉”，例如：She likes toin =slen on Saturdays.不可以用in 来指“依赖”。1- a source of词典释义：source4.N-COUNT 可数名词its cause.(的)根源，原因Thesour

8、ce ofa difficulty is【搭配模式】：N of nThis gave me a clue as to the找出问题根源的线索。source of the problem.这件事给我提供了外刊例句：The humble school trip hase a source of anxiety and dread forparents across the country. （）对于该国的家长而言，简朴的学校旅行已变成了他们的烦恼和痛苦之源。替换表达：the root of / the cause of2.对当中很多人来说，工作面试是紧张的根源。情不自禁地担心如果在面试间回答错误

9、了一个问题，获得一个可能很棒的工作的机会就会化为泡影。For many of us, joberviews are a source of （1.的根源）anxiety. We cannot help but （2.情不自禁地）feel afraidt, by answering a question incorrectlyheerview room, our chanof obtaining a potentially great job will be ruined（3.化为泡影）.2- cannot (help) but do sth词典释义：cannot (help) but form

10、alphraseto have no choice except You cannot help but As I look back overto do somethinglike her.my career, I cannot but s.外刊例句：Yet even this will often prove difficult, they argue,nks to assets likea firms repuiont cannot help but be shared betn the oldbusiness and itsernal rival. （）他们认为，由于诸如公司声望等资产

11、通常不得不由旧公司或国际商业对手，所以甚至连这种方法都常常显得，替换表达：cant helpng sth3- be ruined词典释义：ruinru:.nverbtransitiveto spoil or destroy severely or comple破坏；糟踏y（完全）毁掉，毁坏；Huge modern hos haveruinedthis once unspoiltcoastline.大物般的现代旅馆已经完全毁掉了这片曾经如世外桃源般的海岸。Her injuryruinedher掉了赢得比赛的机会。chanof winning therace.她受了伤，毁to cause repu

12、ion使rson or company to lose all their money or；使身败名裂；theirCheap imported goods areruiningmany businesses.廉价的进口商品使众多公司正。外刊例句：We have been too squeamish in declaring love for ourcountry, andt impedes the warningt it will be ruined byBrexit. （）变得在展露爱国情怀时总显得过于容易担惊受怕，而这限制了该警告的“脱欧”将毁坏的国家。学生错误表达：（1）be dash

13、edIMPROVER点评：dash 一般与hope 搭配：dash sbs hopes，这里用chanbe dashed不太合适，可以改为 chanberuined1- demand词典释义：demandUKdm:ndUS-mndverbtransitive NEED需求to need something such as time, effort, or aparticularquality需要，要求This is a very difficult piece of music to play - itdemandsa lot ofconcentration.这段乐曲很难演奏需要注意力高度集中

14、。He seems to lack many of the qualitiesdemanded of(= needed by) asucsful politin.他似乎缺少成功所应具备的很多素质。外刊例句：This wasurn facilied by the Greek parliaments voteearrtday to back reforms demandedby euro-zone creditors as a3.就业准备在保证学生能够获得符合职场里雇主要求的知识和技能上是的。今天的就业市场比以往任何时候竞争都要更加激烈，而且企业要求应聘者有专业的技能组合。Job preparat

15、ion is vital to ensuret students acquire the knowledge andskills demanded （1.需要，要求）by employershe workplace. Todays job market is more competitiven ever before（2.比以往任何时候）, andanizations demand spelized skill sets（3.技能组合）.condition for talks on a thirdbail-outagreement. （）希腊议会于这天前对欧盟要求作为展开第三次财政紧急会谈条件

16、的方案进行了投票支持，而这相应推动了该会议的进行。替换表达：required by / needed by2-n ever beforeever 在以前学习的时候多被翻译为“曾经”，这其实是没问题的，ever 有“atany time”的含义，它和过去的时间背景在一起，就成了“曾经”。“everbefore”可以直译为“以往任何时候”。词典释义：ever3.ADV 副词（用于和后表示强调）以往任何时候，曾经Youuseever aftercomparatives and superlatives to emphasize thedegree to which something is situ

17、ation with the past or thetrue or when you are comparing a present future.【搭配模式】：ADV after comparn【语用信息】：emphasisShes got a great voice and is singing better常好，现在的唱功比以往任何时候都要好。never.嗓音非Japan is wealthier and more任何时候都更加富有和强大。erfuln everbefore.比以往He feels bettern he has过。everfelt before.他从未感觉这么好Fear

18、Of Music remains among the best albumseverfor many musicfans.对很多乐迷而言，惧怕音乐仍是有史以来最好的专辑之一。This is the most awful evening I can怕的一晚。everremember.这是我中最可外刊例句：Oage, people throughout the world have been livinglongerand eating bettern everbefore. （）平均而言，世界人民已比以往任何时候都要活得更久和吃得更好。替换表达：more competitiven ever /

19、more competitiven at anytimebefore学生错误表达：（1）n anyother time /nt in any other time点评：这里应该改为n at anytime before（2）n beforeat any time点评：语序应该调整为n atany time before3- skill sets词典释义：setsetnounGROUP 组合countableESSENTIALa group of similarthingst belong together in some way套；副We bought Charles and Mandy a

20、set ofcutlery as a wedding present.为和曼迪买了一套刀叉餐具，作为送给他们的结婚。I always keep a toolset后车箱内放着一套工具。he back of mycar.我一直都在汽车的The doctor said particularset群。t he hadnt seen thisofsymptoms before.医生说他以前没有见过这种症候We need to establish a new优先考虑的一组事项。setofpriorities.需要重新安排应He or she has to have a very differentski

21、ll set.countablea number ofobjects or pieof equipment needed for aparticular activity, espe套用具llyplaying a game（尤指用的）一a chess/train/chemistryset 一副象棋一组模型列车一套化学实验用品外刊例句：Others, however, might look at the industries they feelmostADVANCEDpasate about and work out how their skills set could fitin. （）然而，

22、其他人可能在寻找最感的行业和探索如何让其技能组合与之相适应。学生错误表达：（1）skillportfolios点评：portfolio 是指“（个人或机构的）投资组合”，例如：Short-term securitiescso be held as part of an investmentportfolio.投资组合里也可以包括短期有价。portfolio 不能用来指技能的组合。（2）skill mixes点评：mix 是指“混合体”，这里应该改为 skill sets（3）correspondtechniques combinations点评：technique 一般指“（艺术、体育等方面的

23、）技艺，技法，技能”，用在这里不合适。Q：老师，vital 后面的 to 为什么 不是 ensuring？ 这里to 不是做介词吗？Jobpreparation is vital toensuret老师！A：vital to 后面也可以接动词，例如词典例句：Theport is vital tosupply ref to millions of drought victims.这个港口对向数百万旱灾灾民提供救援物资是的。Q：请问：有很多两个词连在一起说的，例如 翻译原文里的 知识和技能，这种后面如果接动词的话，是接单三（将知识和技能看成整体）还是接复数的动词形式呢?A：需要按动词的复数形式来算

24、，例如 BBC 例句：Milk andsugar are alsolikely to beexpensive in 2020, he warns.其中milk 和sugar 都是不可数名词，但是合在一起需要用动词的复数形式。1- self-evident词典释义：4.尽管在城市工作的好处显而易见，但缺点也很明显。一方面，城市的生活成本要高很多；从食品到衣物，每样东西上面的价格 都比农村地区要高。而且，从事一份城市工作需要忍受各种城市环境问题，包括交通堵塞，过度拥挤，以及严重的空气和噪声污染。While the advantages of workinghe city are self-evid

25、ent（1.显而易见的）, the drawbacks are also apparent. For one thing, the cost of living （2.生活成本）is much higher in cities; everything from food to clothing carries a steeprice tag（3.价格）n in rural areas. Furthermore, taking up a city job requires the ability to tolerate a variety of urban environmental probl

26、ems, including traffic congestion, overcrowding（4.过度拥挤）, and high levels of air and noise pollution.self-evidentselfev.dntadjectiveclear or obvious without needing any proof or explanation证自明的；不言而喻的；显然的不Solutions which seemself-evidenttohumansare oftenthegrasp of computers.对人类来说一些显而易见的解决办法常常是电脑所不能做到

27、的。外刊例句：If there is a truth which the world now holds to be self-evident, it istthe USprison cin Guantnamo Bay shouldclose. （）若问世界上是显而易见的，那显然是应该把关塔那摩海岸关闭。替换表达：obvious / apparent2- cost of living词典释义：cost ofliving 1.N-SING 单数名词生活费用;生活成本Thecost oflivingisthe average amount of moneyt people in a particu

28、larplace need in orderto be able to afford basic food, housing, andclothing.Thecostof living上涨。has increaseddramatically.生活成本大幅Companies are moving jobs to towns wi司正在把工作岗位转移至生活费用较低的城镇。lowercost of living.各公可供替换的表达：living costs外刊例句：Despite rant inflation, a devaluation of the Kwachacaused byfalling

29、copprihas pushed the citys cost of living down to just41% of New Yorks.（）尽管通货膨胀严重，但因为铜价下滑，其货币币贬值，导致该城市生活成本仅为纽约的 41%。学生错误表达：（1）lifeexpenditure点评：没有 lifeexpenditure 的说法，这里应该改为 cost of living（2）the cost tolive / expanse of urban life点评：表达确，应该改为 cost ofliving，此外 expanse 是指“宽广的空间”，例如 anexpanse of blue sk

30、y 广阔的蓝天，不可以与 expense（花费）。3- price tag词典释义：price tag(alsopriceticket)nouncountablea piece of p or the amountr wiprice on which is fixed to a（挂在商品上的）价格product,；价格How much is it? - I格cantfind the price tag.这？我找不到价These suits have designernames and a price ticket tomatch.这些西装的上印有设计者的名字和相应的价格。外刊例句：Though

31、 the price may be shocking to many,ysts willprobablyview the $475,000 price tagas conservative. A British study suggestedthe “upper bound” for a drug likeKymriah could be$649,000. （）尽管该药物价格会令许多吃一惊，但分析师很可能会认为其 47.5的标价尚显保守。一份英国研究认为，像 Kymriah 这种药物的价格上限可能为 64.9万。可供替换的表达：price labels4- overcrowding词典释义：overcrowding1.N-UNCOUNT不可数名词过度拥挤；拥挤If there is aproblem n it wasofovercrowding, there are more people living in a place designedfor.Students wereing at overcrowdinghe university hoss.学生大学宿舍过于拥挤。.overcrowd