2022版高考英语一轮复习Unit13People讲义北师大版必修5

1、2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit13People讲义北师大版必修5一积词汇见多识广课内单词回扣(一)阅读词汇写其义1assessment n评估2.appropriately adv.适当地3physicist n物理学家 4.emergency n紧急情况5academic adj.学术的 6.disability n残疾，无能力7companion n同伴，伴侣 8.allergic adj.过敏的9satellite n卫星；人造卫星 10.characteristic n特点，特性11astronomy n天文学 12.personality n个性，性格(二)表达词汇写其形1wea

2、kness n弱点，缺陷2.gain vt.获得，增加3passive adj.被动的，消极的 4.positive adj.积极的5accuse vt.控告，谴责 6.connection n联系；连接7gifted adj.有天赋的 8.deserve vt.应得，值得9desire n渴望，欲望 10.selfish adj.自私的11kindness n和善，亲切 12.requirement n要求13upset adj.不安的，不快的 14.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的15glare vi.怒视，瞪 16.possibility n可能性(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.str

3、ength n长处，优势strengthen v增强，加强strong adj.强壮的*2.concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)concentration n专心，专注3.associate vt.联想，联系association n联想；协会4.accurately adv.精确地，准确地accurate adj.精确的，准确的accuracy n精确5.description n描述，形容describe v描写，描述6.predict vt.预言，预测prediction n预测，预告predictor n预言家*7.satisfaction n满意，满足satisfy

4、vt.使满意，使满足satisfied adj.感到满意的satisfying adj.令人满意的*8.independent adj.独立的independence n独立depend vi.依赖，依靠*9.anxiety n忧虑；担心anxious adj.忧虑的；焦急的anxiously adv.忧虑地*10.devotion n奉献devote vt.献身于devoted adj.献身的，忠诚的用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate. Henry Ward Beecher on

5、ce observed, one hour of intense concentration can accomplish more than years of dreaming.2We live in an independent country so we must depend on ourselves; liberty and independence is our state principle forever.3My brother strengthens himself by taking outdoor exercise every day; now he is so stro

6、ng that I dare not measure my strength against him.4How anxiously she awaited the doctors answer, and the moment she heard his advice she had no more anxieties.5The old scientist is devoted to studying space, and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from. He said he would go on devoting himself

7、to the science field.6To the mothers satisfaction,_her son achieved satisfying results in study, which, of course, satisfied the whole family.话题单词积累1harmony /hmn/ n和睦，和谐2harmonious /hmns/ adj. 和谐的3friendly /frendli/ adj. 友好的4considerate /knsdrt/ adj. 体贴的5admirable /dmrbl/ adj.值得赞赏的6respectful /rspek

8、tfl/ adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的7consult /knslt/ vt. 请教；商量8appreciate /priiet/ vt. 欣赏；感激9associate /siet/ vt. 联想；联系10respect /rspekt/ vt.& n. 尊重11understand /ndstnd/ vt. 理解；领会12understanding /ndstnd/ n. 理解13accompany /kmpni/ vt. 陪同，陪伴14share /e(r)/ vt.分享，共同使用15cooperate /kpret/ vi. 合作16congratulate /kngrtulet/ vt.

9、 祝贺17congratulation /kngrtulen/ n祝贺18enthusiastic /njuzistk/ adj. 热情的19precious /pres/ adj. 珍贵的20grateful /gretfl/ adj. 感激的21sincere /sns(r)/ adj. 真诚的22conscience /knns/ n. 良心；良知23merciful /msfl/ adj.宽大的；仁慈的24modest /mdst/ adj.谦虚的；谦逊的25reliable /rlabl/ adj. 可信赖的26patient /pent/ adj. 有耐心的27trust /trs

10、t/ vt. 相信；信任28promote /prmt/ vt. 促进；提升29fight /fat/ n& vi. 打架；打斗30conflict /knflkt/ n. 冲突31tolerance /tlrns/ n. 忍受32barrier /bri(r)/ n. 屏障，障碍33friction /frkn/ n. 摩擦34prejudice /preduds/ n. 偏见，成见35tension /tenn/ n. 紧张局势36abandon /bndn/ vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃37abuse /bjus/ vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用38condemn /kndem/ vt.谴责，指责，宣

11、判39complain /kmplen/ vt.& vi. 抱怨40embarrass /mbrs/ vt. 使尴尬41misunderstand /msndstnd/ vt.误会42bother /b(r)/ vt. 打扰；麻烦二积短语顿挫抑扬课内短语回扣(一)根据汉语写出下列短语*e_up_with 提出，想出 2.draw_up 起草3.end_up_ 结果为，以结束 *4.concentrate_on 集中于，专注于*5.in_terms_of就某事来说，从某个角度看 *6.deal_with 处理；对付7.cant_help_doing_sth.禁不住做 8.glare_at 怒视9

12、.talk_sb._into_doing_sth.劝服某人做某事 10.be_willing_to愿意做某事11.react_to对作出反应 12.devote_._to献身于，贡献于13.to_be_honest老实说，说实话 14.on_the_other_hand另一方面*15.be_popular_with_.受欢迎*16.pick_up_ 捡起；接(人)；(无意间)学会；好转(二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1Some students are good at concentrating_on what the teachers teach in class.2With so ma

13、ny things to deal_with,_I have to work late into the night.3After looking over my plan, the manager hoped I could come_up_with a better and more practical one.4Its surprising that your brother picked_up Russian so quickly he hasnt lived there very long.5A wellbehaved person is_popular_with others wh

14、ile a badlybehaved one is disgusting.6In_terms_of working ability, you are no worse than the others. It is just you dont put your heart into your work.话题短语积累1believe in 相信，信任2be patient with 对有耐心3be merciful to 对是仁慈的4be enthusiastic about 对热情5forgive sb. for sth. 因某事原谅某人6make up 和解7communicate with

15、与交流8be ready to help others 乐于助人9be concerned about 关心，挂念10share .with . 与分享11depend/rely on 依靠，相信12have .in common 有共同之处13get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽14in harmony with 与和谐相处15break up 分手；解散；结束16be bored with 厌烦17be to blame 应受责备18have words with 与发生口角三积句式写作扮靓课内句式仿写1the比较级，the比较级“越，越”例句I was g

16、etting more and more annoyed and of course, the more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate.仿写问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。The_more_difficult the questions are, the_less_likely he is able to answer them.2why引导表语从句例句Perhaps the postcode was wrong, and thats why the letter never arrived. 仿写那是我认为长江之行是较好选

17、择的原因。(2017北京高考满分作文)Thats_why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.3it作形式宾语例句I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.仿写如果您愿意提供更多的信息，我将不胜感激。(2015重庆高考满分作文)I_would_appreciate_it_if you would offer more information.话题佳句背诵1Friendship is one of the most important thing

18、s in everyones life.友谊是每个人生活中最重要的东西。2It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。3As long as we obey the rules mentioned above, we will find it easy to get along well with our friends.只要我们遵守上面提到的规则，我们就会发现与朋友友好相处会很容易。4To build u

19、p real friendship, we should make friends with those who we can trust.为建立真正的友谊，我们应该和那些值得信任的人交朋友。四背语段语感流畅When I paid a visit to my friend Tom yesterday, he was concentrating on drawing up an important plan for his company. Obviously, he was so absorbed in his work that he mistook me for his wife. Fac

20、ing this situation, I couldnt help laughing. To be honest, Tom is a man who is devoted to work and always comes up with good ideas for his company. Besides, he is a warmhearted man who is willing to help others to deal with problems. So, he is very popular among us and deserves to be respected.昨天，我去

21、拜访我的朋友汤姆时，他正在全神贯注地为他的公司起草一份重要的方案。很显然，他是如此地专注于手头的工作，以至于把我错当成了他的妻子。面对此景，我禁不住大笑了起来。说实话，汤姆是一位一心扑在工作上，并能为公司出谋划策的优秀员工。此外，他还是一个热心肠的人，平时总是爱帮助别人处理一些问题。因此，他很受大家的欢迎，很值得大家尊重。 第一板块重点词汇突破师生共研词汇1concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)高考佳句From then on, I began to concentrate on every small thing in my studies. (2014湖北高考短文写作)从那时

22、起，我开始专注于我学习中的每一件小事。concentrate on (doing) sth.聚精会神于(做)某事concentrate ones attention/efforts/thoughts on/upon .集中某人的注意力/努力/思想于School should concentrate on teaching (teach) students the academic subjects that will be useful for their future careers.学校应该集中精力教学生对他们的未来有用的学业科目。We must concentrate_our_effor

23、ts_on/upon_improving education.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。联想发散表示“集中注意力于，全神贯注于”的短语还：pay attention to sth.put ones heart into sth.fix ones attention on sth.be absorbed/buried in (doing) .2deserve vt.应得，值得经典例句No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.不管是多么平凡的

24、工作，它在社会中都起着一定的作用，因此值得我们应有的尊敬。deserve n. (consideration/attention/respect)值得(考虑/关注/尊敬)deserve to do sth. 应该做某事deserve doing/to be done 值得做It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to_be_respected/respect (respect)正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才应受到尊敬。These people deserve to_get (

25、get) more than the minimum wage.这些人应该得到比最低工资更高的报酬。3associate vt.联想；联系(1)associate .with . 使与联系起来associate with sb. 与某人交往/共事be associated with 与有关(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；社团in association with 与联合；与有关联Many of us who have never been to Egypt always associate Egypt with the ancient pyramids.我们中许多从

26、未去过埃及的人总是把埃及与古金字塔联系在一起。We are working in_association_with a local company to raise money for the homeless.我们正在联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。As we all know, health is_associated_with a balanced diet and plenty of exercise.众所周知，健康与均衡饮食和大量的锻炼息息相关。4accuse vt.控告，谴责教材原句Accused of stealing money, the man was brought

27、 to court.那个人因被指控偷了钱而被带上法庭。(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而控告/指责某人(2)the accused 被告The boss was_accused_of having a prejudice against his female employees.那位老板被指责对女性员工有偏见。The accused (accuse) man was declared to be innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告无罪。联想发散表示“指控、责备某人做某事”的短语还有：charge sb. with (doing) s

28、th.指控某人(做)某事blame sb. for (doing) sth. 为某事而责备某人scold sb. for (doing) sth. 为某事批评某人5desire n渴望，欲望v.渴望，想要高考佳句I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window. (2015湖南高考单选)我有一种强烈的欲望， 想伸手进去拿那个玩具玩，但幸亏我被商店的橱窗挡住了。(1)have a strong desireeq blcrc (avs4al

29、co1(to do sth. 迫切想要做某事,for sth. 急于得到某物)(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth. 想让某人做某事desire that sb.(should) do . 希望/要求某人做We desire that immediate help (should)_be_given (give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood. 我们希望给予那些被洪水围困的当地村民即时的援助。The young girl desired her paren

30、ts to_come (come) and see her from time to time.这个小女孩想要她的父母不时地来看她。Each student in our class has a_strong_desire_to_go_to/for a famous university.我们班的每个学生都有上名牌大学的强烈愿望。6relief n宽慰，轻松；解脱；减轻，消除；缓和教材原句Itll be a real relief when theyre found.当找到他们后，的确会令人很宽慰。(1)to ones relief令人感到欣慰的是What a relief! 可松口气了！in

31、 relief 如释重负；松了口气(2)relieve v. 解除，减轻，缓和relieve sb.of 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)Seeing the baby fall asleep, the young mother smiled in_relief.看到小宝贝睡着了，这位年轻的母亲欣慰地笑了。To_my_parents_relief,_both my brother and I followed the family tradition and became doctors.让父母宽慰的是，哥哥和我都追随家族的传统成为了医生。Youd better relieve your mothe

32、r of some of the housework.你最好减轻一点你妈妈的家务活。7account vt.认为是，视为n.(银行)账户；账目；叙述；报道；解释，说明高考佳句It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent. (2015福建高考单选)据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。(1)account for说明(原因等)；作出解释；占比例(2)on account of 由于，因为on no acco

33、unt 决不(放在句首时，句子要倒装)take .into account/take account of take .into consideration 考虑到On_account_of lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller. 由于缺少人类的保护，长江江豚的数量越来越少。On no account can_you give up whatever happens.不管发生什么你都决不能放弃。When judging his perfor

34、mance, dont take_his_age_into_account.评定他的表现时，不必考虑他的年龄。联想发散表示“决不”的短语还有：in no way/caseat no timeby no meansunder/in no circumstanceson no condition8devote vt.献身于，专心致志于教材原句She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.她花了很多时间来照顾邻居们。(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.献身于；致力于devote ones life/t

35、ime/money/energy to sth./doing sth. 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心于；奉献于(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚You will never gain success unless you are_fully_devoted_to your work.除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否则你就永远不会取得成功。Devoting (devote) herself to teaching the deaf children, the you

36、ng lady has little time to care for her own daughter.Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.一心投入到教育失聪儿童的工作中，这位年轻女士很少有时间照顾她自己的女儿。Professor Smith made up his mind to devote himself to making (make) scientific researches on diseases o

37、f blood.史密斯教授决心投身于血液病的科学研究。自主练通词汇1judge n裁判，法官vt.评判；判断；审判，判决单句语法填空/一句多译Judging (judge) from the way he laughed as he told it, it was meant to be humorous.Id prefer to reserve my judgement (judge) until I find all the evidence.依我看来，他能实现他上大学的梦想。As_far_as_I_can_judge,_he can realize his dream of going

38、to university.(judge)As_far_as_Im_concerned,_he can realize his dream of going to university.(concern)In_my_view/opinion,_he can realize his dream of going to university.(view/opinion)2strength nC 优点，长处；强项； U 力量；力气单句语法填空/补全句子We can strengthen (strength) our friendship when we help our classmates.Pra

39、cticing Chinese kung fu can not_only_build_up_ones_strength (增强体质), but also develop ones character.In most peoples opinion, everything has its strengths_and_weaknesses (长处和短处)3satisfaction n满意；满足；令人满意的事物单句语法填空/句型转换The medical team left the village with great satisfaction (satisfy), having treated a

40、 lot of local villagers.Only in this way will everyone be ready to help others and feel satisfied (satisfy) with it.Its good that you know what prevents you achieving satisfying (satisfy) scores.What satisfied him was that he had no difficulty in passing the final examination.To his satisfaction,_he

41、 had no difficulty in passing the final examination.In a word, I am quite pleased with my present school life and studies.In a word, I am quite satisfied with my present school life and studies.4predict vt.预言，预测单句语法填空/补全句子Predicting (predict) the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult task

42、s.Nobody believed his prediction (predict) then but later it turned out to be true.It_is_predicted_that (据预测) total users of virtual reality in 2020 will exceed 60 million due to mainstream audience loving it.I find it hard to make_a_prediction_about_our_future (预测我们的未来)5gifted adj.有天赋的单句语法填空/句型转换My

43、 father has a gift for playing the piano, which has a great influence on us.The little girl is gifted_(gift) at music and thus she can get the hang of the techniques to play different musical instruments quickly.Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.Brian has a gift/t

44、alent/genius for writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.词汇过关练.单句语法填空1To our satisfaction (satisfy), he got the first prize in the competition.2As we all know, Jay Chou was gifted (gift) in music when he was a child.3Devoted (devote) to his research work, the scientist has little time to

45、spend with his family.4It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.5The young man, who had rushed into the fire to save the old man, deserved rewarding/to_be_rewarded (reward)6There has always been a close association (associate) between these two schools.7Accused_ (

46、accuse) of stealing money from the bank, he was questioned by the police.8John desires that his parents (should)_give (give) him more freedom.9She says she is all right, which makes me feel in relief.10The company has said that Taobao and Tmall account for more than half of all parcel deliveries in

47、China.单句改错1Judged from the name, it is easy to guess that players can only join if they are fat.JudgedJudging2The police accused him of set fire to the building but he denied having been in the area on the night of the fire._setsetting3Its desired that this remark was brought to the attention of the

48、 students who get used to getting up late.wasbe4Before the exam, I devoted myself to prepare for it.preparepreparing5To him relief, no sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.himhis6Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical. I think it deserves discussed at the nex

49、t meeting.discusseddiscussing7The manager was satisfying to see many new products developed after great effort.satisfyingsatisfied8Although Tim and Mike come from entire different backgrounds, they are close friends. entireentirely.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)1His grandmother likes finding_fault_with_others (挑别人

50、的错) who talk with her on the spot.2In many cultures white is_often_associated_with (常跟有联系) something positive.3To_my_great_relief (使我极为欣慰的是), the manager promised to have my complaint looked into.4在史密斯先生的帮助下，她能够做到集中精力学习，并完成了大学教育。With the help of Mr Smith, she was able to concentrate_on_her_study and

51、 graduated from college.(concentrate)With the help of Mr Smith, she was able to focus_on_her_study and graduated from college.(focus)With the help of Mr Smith, she was able to put_her_heart_into_her_study and graduated from college.(heart)第二板块短语、句式突破1talk sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事教材原句Go and see you

52、r teacher and try to talk him or her into giving you a better grade.去找你的任课老师，努力说服他或她给你较好的分数。talk sb. out of (doing) sth.说服某人不做某事talk of 谈到，说到It is no use trying to talk him into studying (study) hard; he can only be persuaded by force.试图说服他努力学习没有用，他只能靠武力说服。Talking (talk) of literature, do you have a

53、ny interest in Lu Xuns works?谈到文学，你对鲁迅的作品有兴趣吗？2in terms of 就而言；在方面；从某个角度上看高考佳句Would you mind finding out the mistakes in terms of words and format？(2016全国卷书面表达)请你帮我找出文字和格式方面的错误来好吗？be on good/bad/friendly terms with sb.与某人关系好/不好/友好come to terms with . 对让步，迁就，接受(不愉快的事)；适应in the long/short term 就长期/短期而

54、言in ones terms 在某人看来He couldnt come_to_terms_with the fact of unemployment at that time.他不能接受那个时候失业的事实。We have been_on_good_terms_with our neighbors for all these years.这么多年来我们一直和邻居关系很好。Learning is not always easy, but it is always beneficial in_the_long_term.学习并不总是那么简单，但从长远看它总是有益的。3cant help doing

55、sth.禁不住要做某事教材原句I couldnt help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.我禁不住笑了，并邀请她到我的公寓来喝杯茶。cant help (to) do sth.不能帮忙做某事can not help but do sth. 不得不做某事She cant help (to)_clean (clean) the house because shes busy reading a detective novel.她不能帮忙打扫屋子因为她正忙着看一部侦探小说。

56、While shopping, people sometimes cant help being_persuaded (persuade) into buying something they dont really need.当购物的时候，人们经常会控制不住地被说服买了一些他们本不想要的东西。He couldnt_help_but_admit that he was wrong.他不得不承认自己错了。联想发散表示“别无选择只好做某事，不得不做某事”的表达，除cant help but do sth.以外还有：cant do anything but do sth.can do nothing

57、 but do sth.have no choice but to do sth.have no alternative but to do sth.4end up 结果为；以结束经典例句Hell end up in prison if hes not careful.(朗文P617)如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。(1)end up doing sth.以结束/告终end up with . 以而结束end up as . 结果成为(职位)(2)come to an end 结束put an end to (bring sth. to an end)结束at the end of在尽头；在末

58、端by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后；终于After wandering in the bookstore for half an hour, he ended_up_with a book named Pride and Prejudice.在书店逛了半个小时后，他最终买了一本名为傲慢与偏见的书。If he continues like this, he will end_up_lifting a stone only to have it drop on his own foot, just as the saying goes.

59、如果他继续如此的话，那就会正如俗语所言，他将最终是搬起石头砸自己的脚。Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ended_up_as a manager.成为这家公司的职员后，他升职很快，最终成为一名经理。5I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为when引导的宾语从句。(1)英语中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, dislike, appreciate, pre

60、fer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在it之后。(2)类似的用法短语还有see to it that .“务必”； depend/rely on it that .“依赖/相信”； take it for granted that .“认为是理所当然的”等。Id appreciate it very much if you could go over my application letter and my resume and help me polish them. (2016全国卷书面表达)如果你能把我的申请书和个人简历审查一下并帮我润色一下，