阅读理解主旨大意课件

1、阅读理解主旨大意课件阅读理解主旨大意课件2011 年59题，62题，70题2010 年70题2009 年59题2008 年61题,70题近几年江苏高考阅读理解主旨大意题:2011 年59题，62题，70题2010 年70题20092012年江苏省高考考试大纲说明阅读： 要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：（1）理解语篇主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息;（3）根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义；（4）根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理；（5）理解文章的宏观结构和文脉逻辑关系；（6）根据作者的观点、意图和

2、态度；（7）根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括 主要内容或作关键词词语转换。2012年江苏省高考考试大纲说明阅读：阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类主旨题标题类（ topic or title ）文章主旨(main idea of the article)段落主旨(main idea of the paragraph)阅读中主旨大意题的题型分类主旨题标题类（ topic or 标题类试题常见的题干形式(1) The best title for this passage is .(2) The suitable headline for this passage may be(3) The ti

3、tle that best expresses the idea of the passage is .(4) Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?(体现概括性, 避免远离主题)标题类试题常见的题干形式(1) The best title2. 文章主旨类试题常见的题干形式(1) What is the passage mainly about?(2) The passage talks about .(3) The passage tells us that .(4) This passage mainly

4、deals with .(5) Whats the main idea / topic of the passage?(体现全面性, 避免以偏概全)2. 文章主旨类试题常见的题干形式(1) What is t3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that .(2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with?(3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one?(4) W

5、hats the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?(体现针对性, 避免张冠李戴)3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式(1) The main 解题技巧技巧一: 识别文体技巧二: 找关联词技巧三: 抓线索技巧四: 找高频词 解题技巧一: 识别文体技巧二: 找关联词技巧三: 抓线索技技巧一：识别文体广告的作用议论文 总-分-总（论点论据结论）说明文主题句（首中尾）记叙文记叙文要素应用文（广告）技巧一：识别文体广告的作用议论文 总-分-总（论点论据Eg.1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.E

6、xperiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smokingalso can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds.

7、 Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it? （1.5分钟） 议论文总-分-总1.What is the main idea ?A. cigarette smoking can cause cancerB. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease(illness)C. smoking also can cause other health problemsD. smok

8、ing is harmful. DEg.1 Smoking cigarettes is harEg.2 Passage B(NMET2003) Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning re

9、ader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Libr

10、ary is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the t

11、wo groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class. The program was so su

12、ccessful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager. （3.5分钟）What is mainly discussed in the text?Eg.2 Passage B(NMET2003)What eg.2 Passage B(NMET2003) Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). Wit

13、h their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dog

14、s to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, of

15、ten have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, rea

16、ding for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.Example and success of the program eg.2 Passage B(NMET

17、2003) Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy

18、Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy specialists admit that children

19、 who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoon” in the childrens department

20、 of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.The program was so successful that the library plans to repeat it in April, according to

21、 Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.Example and success of the program2. What is mainly discussed in the text? A. Childrens reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs. C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program. Eg.3 (江苏 2011) （2.5分钟） Eg.3 (江苏 2011) （2.5分钟） 3.The pu

22、rpose of this poster is to invite more people to_. A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park3.The purpose of this poster i Eg.4 (江苏 2011)

23、 We know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are? Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mount

24、ain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers

25、to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.” So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, bu

26、t Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she return

27、ed home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，Its hard to imagine driving withou

28、t Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses? （4分钟） So, just what is the s4.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this pass

29、age? A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window? C. Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D. Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? c4.Which of the following can b Eg.5 Often no one looks mor

30、e guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi- -onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance（1分钟）（so, therefore, thus ,in conclusi

31、on, in short,all in all , overall, clearly, plainly, In fact）技巧二： 找关联词 Eg.5 （so,技巧三: 从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索. 有些文章或段落无明显的主题句, 只是暗示性地体现主题. 这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括总结主旨大意技巧三: 从段落中归纳要点抓大意，理清线索.有些文章或段落无 eg.6 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He

32、 transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.（2分钟） 6.The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris

33、 Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.detaildetaildetail 技巧四: 从段落中寻找高频率词 任

34、何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词技巧四: 从段落中寻找高频率词任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展Eg.7 Imagine，one day，getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work，going back home to Beijing and having dinner there Sounds unusual

35、，doesnt it? But its not that unrealistic，with the development of Chinas highspeed railway systemAnd thats not a11China has an even greater highspeed railway planto connect the country with Southeast Asia，and eventually Eastern Europe China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network

36、to up to 17 countries in 1 0 to 15 years，eventually reaching London and Singapore China has proposed three such projectsThe first would possibly connect Kunming withSingapore via Vietnam and MalaysiaAnother could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan，and possibly Eg.7 Imagine，one

37、day，getting o to GermanyThe third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe If Chinas plan for the high-speed railway goes forward，people could zip over from London to Beiling in under two daysThe new system would still follow Chinas highspeed railway stan

38、dardAnd the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour，almost as fast as some airplanes Chinas bullet train(高速客车)，the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou，already has the Worlds fastest average speedIt covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hours Of course，there are some technical challenges to overcome There are so many issues that need to be settled，such as safety， rail gauge(轨距)，maintenance of railway t