短lecture分学科课后作业天文气象

1、ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection1.MartianLocatedat the NASA 航空和航天局) Research in Iowais a 5,000-gallon vatof water, andinside , an ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection1.MartianLocatedat the NASA 航空和航天局) Research in Iowais a 5,000-gallon vatof water, andinside , an underwater treadmill aerospace engineer.

2、For four by scuba divers and on simulated the on her how gravity of divers andbelt. She wanted to the Moon and of Mars would affect n. To do then lowered attached weights to o and onto v. adj. treadmill.Theseweights were carefully adjustedt divers could experience underwater the gravity of the Moon

3、and of Mars as they walked on the treadmill.t walking on Mars will probably be nwalking on the Moon. The Moon has less n does, ar gravity, the divers struggled to keep adj. adv. adj. n. balanceandwalkedMartian gravity, the divers had greater traction stability and could easily adjust to a pace of ho

4、ur. gradually increased the speed of treadmill, the divers took longer, graceful strides until v. comfortablyoan even The data Martian Martiangravity,thediversneededlessn. collectedwill . Compared he future design ar ; and, n. n. v uits will require smaller allow for freer movement, the elbow and kn

5、ee areas of uitswill alsobe 1ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection2.Spacenkyou. Itsgreatto see somanyof series on Survival cameras, were beinger Space. Please excuse ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection2.Spacenkyou. Itsgreatto see somanyof series on Survival cameras, were beinger Space. Please excuse 系列/n.td

6、 for the local TV Tonight Im going to talk about the most basic aspect of survivalthe space suit. When most of you imagine ts probably the fist t comes to right? Well, without uits, it would not sible us to survive in space. For le, outer space is protection, a body would explode. Whats more, wed he

7、sun or he shadewith temperatures from a toasty 300 degrees above to a cool 300 degrees below zero Fahrenheit.范围为从.到n. adj. 真实大小的The spa This photo actual spa shuttle mist NASA has developed is truly a enlargement here is a life-size image uit worn by astronauts on the last. This part is the torso. I

8、ts made of extremely durable layers. This thick insulation protects against temperature extremes and radiation. Next is n. n. 放射、辐射 adj. 大气的theycallabladderof tsan inflatablesac,to simulate atmospheric re. bladd ressesagainstthebody with thesameforceasthe Earths atmosphere at sea level. The innermos

9、t layers provideliquid coolingand ventilation.Despiteallthelayers,adj. n. adj. adj. n. v. thesuitis ,allowing freemovementsowecanAnother really sophisticated part of the helmet. I brought one along to show you. uit is the I have teercomeand 2ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectionMost people think of astro

10、nomers as people who n. n. their time ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectionMost people think of astronomers as people who n. n. their time in cold observatories peering severy night. In fact, a typical astronomer spends most of or her yzing data and mayonly be at a ks of the year.Someastronomerswork on t

11、heoretical problems and never use a escope at all. You might not know how rarely images are viewed directly through escopes. The most common way to observe adv. skies is to photograph them. The , a photographic plate is coated s is very v. adj. 涂上一层的material. The plate itioned t the image by escope

12、is recorded on it. Then the image can developed, enlarged, and published t many v. can study it. Because most astronomical objects are very remote, the light we receive from them is rather feeble. byusinga be made.escopeas a camera, long time ureshis way, objects can be t dred times too to be seenby

13、 just looking 3ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection4.EarthsIn ancient times, many eved the earth was a adj. n. v. disc. Well over 2,000 years ago,ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSection4.EarthsIn ancient times, many eved the earth was a adj. n. v. disc. Well over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Greek philosophers

14、were able to put forwardtwo good titwas Direct observation of heavenly bodies was the basis both these , the Greeks t eclipses of the moon, the earth was n the sun the moon, and they t during these eclipses, earths shadow on the moon was always round, t this could be true only if the earth spherical

15、. If the earth were a flat disc, then its adj. during eclipses would not rfect circle, it would stretched o a long ellipse. The second argument n. 椭圆（形based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. t the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower n. theskywhentheytraveledorenorthernlythe North Star

16、appeared to them to be much sky. By the it was also from this of the North t the adj. n. stadiumn. circumference the earth, a figure recorded in s says 400,000 ts the plural of wordstadium.Today,itsnotknownexactlyengthstadium represents, but lets say it was about 200 meters, the length of many athle

17、tic stadiums. This would make the Greeks estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimatefor those writing so long before even escopewasadj. n. 4ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectionticToday I want to talk about the Earths last major n. shift, ofScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectionticToda

18、y I want to talk about the Earths last major n. shift, of the last ice age. ,lets backup a limatic change moment and review what we know , we defined climate as consistent patterns weatheroversignificantperiodsoftime.Ingeneral,changes in climate occur when the energy balance of the Earth is disturbe

19、d. Solar energy enters the Earths atmosphere v. light and is radiated by the rface as heat. 能water, and ice each affect this energy exchange differently. The system is so t, to date, our best msophisticated enough to test hypotheses about the of climatic change. Of t doesnt keep us adj. n. v. t migh

20、t affect climatic change. When volcanoes erupt, they disperse tons of o upper atmosphere, where the particles then reflect light. Since less light is entering the system of energy the result would be a cooling of the rface. n. v. n. course,thisis just siblemechanismof globalchange. In all probabilit

21、y, a complete explanation would involveseveraldifferentmechanismsoperatingatthesame 5ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectiondestructive ones on Earth. Any of you who have seen ScriptofTOEFLiBTListeningSectiondestructive ones on Earth. Any of you who have seen knows very well how frightening erful they eresting about them t scientists dont know exactly why tornadoes occur. We do know, remember, a front occurs when cool, dry air from the north meets warm, humid air coming from the south, from Gulf of Mexico, for he United es. these air masses meet, a narr