2022版高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课下作业新人教版选修8

1、2021版高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions课下作业新人教版选修8PAGE PAGE 49 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼之二十九：动词不定式作结果状语先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心1.He hurried to the airport only to be told that the film star had left.他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。2.I tore the box，only to discover that some of the parts were mi

2、ssing.我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。3.They reached the company out of breath，only to learn that they were fired.他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却得知他们被解雇了。4.He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.他回家后结果却得知女儿刚刚订婚了。5.He went to swim in the river nearby，never to come back again.他去附近的河里游泳，结果再也没有回来。6.She pushed

3、the door open，only to find her friends looking at her.她推开了门，结果发现她的朋友正在看着她。后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来1.我们到达车站，结果却被告知火车已离开了。We_got_to_the_station,_only_to_be_told_that_the_train_had_left.2.他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。He_hurried_to_the_theatre,_only_to_be_told_that_the_tickets_had_been_sold_out.3.她回到家，才发现家里没有一个人。She_retur

4、ned_only_to_find_that_no_one_was_at_home.重点单词识记联想运用会书写一、核心单词1.distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别2.product n. 产品3._practical adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的4.passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的5.seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺6.bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担二、阅读单词1.patent n. 专利证书；专利权2.valid adj. 有效的；确凿的3.ripe adj. _熟的；成熟的4.dial vt. 拨(电话)5.rainfall n.

5、 _降雨6.stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的petence n. 能力；胜利；本领三、拓展单词1.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的mercy n.宽大；仁慈 2.convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n.方便；便利conveniently adv.便利地；方便地3.caution n.小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地4.expectation n.预料；期待；期望expect v.预料；期待；期望；认为5.merry adj.愉快的；高兴的merrily adv.高

6、兴地；愉快地6.freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的freeze v.冰冻；严寒frozen adj.冰冻的；严寒的7.identification n.鉴定；辨认；身份证明identify vt.辨别；确认(身份等)identity n.本人；身份8.innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n.天真；清白9.associate vt.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴association n.社团；协会；联合；联想会积累1.三个特殊的名词单复数标准criterion(单数)，criteria (复数)媒体medium (单数)，media(复数)细菌bacterium

7、(单数)，bacteria(复数)2.含“rain”的合成词rainwater n.雨水raindrop n. 雨滴rainfall n. 降雨量rainbow n. 彩虹rainstorm n. 暴风雨rainforest n. 雨林raincoat n. 雨衣3.“同伴”大会盟partner n. 伙伴；同伴；同伙mate n. (工人间的)伙伴；同事fellow n. 同伴company n. 同伴；伴侣companion n. 同伴；陪伴associate n. 同事；伙伴会应用用所给词的适当形式填空1.They asked her to be merciful_(mercy) to

8、the prisoners.2.Some scientists _associate smoking with cancer，because smoking has a close association with lung cancer.(associate)3.The dog wagged (摇) its tail in expectation of a bone but was expected_to go out.(expectation)4.It was so freezing that the cold weather froze the lake.And I was absolu

9、tely frozen.(freeze)5.You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient，that is，at his convenience.His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient)6.He is a _cautious man and is always doing things with caution.You should get on with him cautiously.(caution).核心短语识记联想运用会书写1.call_up给打电话；使想起2.no

10、w_and_then 偶尔；有时3.set_about_ 开始；着手4.dive_into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入5.set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)6.hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过9.ring back 回复电话10.ring off _挂断电话会积累1.“有时”词汇全接触now and then偶尔；有时now and again 不时；时而from time to time 不时 sometimes 有时occasionally 偶尔2.“v

11、.into”结构的短语荟萃dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入burst into 突然闯入run into 撞上；偶然遇见look into 往里看；调查knock into 撞上break into 破门而入会应用选用上表左栏短语填空1.Its the love and responsibility that have driven him to get_through many hardships and survive.2.If you hang_on for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother.3.The be

12、ggar _dived_into his pocket and took out several coins.4.Having made up his mind，he set_about carrying out the plan.5. My clock was out_of_order and woke me up at 3 oclock this morning.6.The moment I got home，I set_out to do my homework.7. Someone called_up from downtown and asked to see you at five

13、.8.The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the window now_and_then.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式1：当only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句且位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。教材原句Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有获得了认证，你才可以说是一个真正的发明者。句型仿写Only after Mary read her composition for the second

14、time did_she_notice_the_spelling_mistake.只有在玛丽把作文读了第二遍之后，她才注意到拼写错误。句型公式2：every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为“每当”，相当于whenever。教材原句Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.当每一次你这么做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。句型仿写In France you should shake hands every_time_you_say_hello_and_

15、goodbye.在法国，每次打招呼或告别时，你都要(与别人)握手。句型公式3：“祈使句and陈述句”结构教材原句Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得你思考的东西占据着你的头脑。句型仿写Find_ways_to_praise_your_children_often，and youll find they will open their he

16、arts to you.经常找一些方法表扬你的孩子们，你会发现他们将会向你敞开心扉。.语段改错回顾修正热诵文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。When the writer called up her mother in the countryside in the phone，she learned that snakes came near their house and they seemed to have made their home near their house.The writer felt proudly and consi

17、dered it a chance for her to distinguish herself by invented something that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about researching the habits of snake.She had decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught.However，her first two plans was not successful.As a result，she had to attemp

18、t the third time，which helped her fulfill her aim successfully.She was very delighted that she was determined to send her invention to the patent office to get recognition for his successful idea.答案When the writer called up her mother in the countryside eq f(in,on) the phone，she learned that snakes

19、came near their house and they seemed to have made their home near their house.The writer felt eq f(proudly,proud) and considered it a chance for her to distinguish herself by eq f(invented,inventing) something that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about researching the habits of eq f(sn

20、ake,snakes).She eq avs4al(had) decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught.However，her first two plans eq f(was,were) not successful.As a result，she had to attempt eq f(the,a) third time，which helped her fulfill her aim successfully.She was eq f(very,so) delighted that she was determine

21、d to send her invention to the patent office to get recognition foreq f( his,her) successful idea.核 心 词 汇1.distinguish vt.& vi.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(1)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from. 使有别于distinguish oneself (as.) (作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for. 因而出名Here was a

22、chance for me to distinguish_myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材原句)这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓到而又不会伤害到它们。Reading good books enriches our mind and teaches us to distinguish between right and wrong.阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。Honestly speaking，I admire

23、your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就。2.bear vt.(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育(1)cant bear doing/to do sth不能忍受做某事cant bear sb /(sbs) doing/to do sth 不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear/keep sth in mind 记住bear/keep in mind that. 记住I cannot bear his speaking (speak) to me in that rude manner.我不能忍受他用那种粗鲁

24、的方式跟我说话。Bearing (bear) a heavy burden，she has to work hard to bring up her children.肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。My mother often reminds me to _bear/keep_in_mind_that failure is the mother of success.妈妈经常提醒我要记住“失败乃成功之母”。3.associate vt.联想；联系(1)associate.with.把和联系在一起be associated with. 和有关associate with sb 与某人交往或

25、打交道(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；团体in association with. 与合伙/合作Although he is most often associated_with the invention of the telephone，he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life.(教材原句)虽然他一直以发明电话闻名于世，但是他的确是一个永不停息的探索者，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的可行方法。We n

26、aturally associate the name of Darwin with the theory of evolution.我们会自然地把达尔文的名字与进化论联系起来。We are working in_association_with a local company to raise money for the homeless.我们联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。4.call up 给打电话；使回忆起call at拜访(某个地点)call off 取消；停止call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来Wh

27、en I called_up_my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.(教材原句)我给乡下的妈妈打电话时，她非常烦恼。The saying concerning friendship calls_up one unforgettable thing that I went through last year.关于友谊的这句谚语使我想起了去年我经历的一件难忘的事。Their travel plan was_called_off because of the bad weather.因为天气不好，他们的旅行计

28、划取消了。5.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽一词多义写出下列句中get through的含义I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(设法)做完I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.打通电话She found writing helped her get through the rough days.度过Lucki

29、ly，he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用完重 点 句 型Follow_it_up，explore_all_around_it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你

30、将有值得考虑的某些东西占据你的大脑。本句为“祈使句and陈述句”句式。祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。(1)“祈使句and陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2)“祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句”相当于“if否定条件状语从句主句”。(3)“名词词组and陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more，another等词。Learn to understand，and you will keep away from a world full of sadness and disappointment.(2015重庆卷满分作文)学会理解，你就会远离满是悲伤和失

31、望的世界。Follow_your_teachers_advice，or you will fail in the exam.听从老师的建议，否则你考试就会不及格。More fine food，and youll be healthier and healthier.多吃好的食品，你会越来越健康。当 堂 达 标.单词拼写1.Many workers said they couldnt bear (忍受) the long hours.2.A marriage provides a safe and stable (安定的) home for the husband and wife.3.More

32、 than 100，000 people died per year because of passive (被动的) smoking.4.In my opinion，only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (抓住) opportunities can one succeed.5.Leave a basin of water outside in freezing (严寒的) weather，and it will soon be covered with ice.6.What criteria (标准) are used for ass

33、essing a students ability?7.Hes too young to distinguish (区分) right from wrong，and needs your guidance.8.That girl tapped (轻敲) her fingers on the desk impatiently.9.She has such a(n) innocent (无辜的) face that I find it hard to believe anything bad of her.10.We all have an expectation (期待) that he can

34、 pass the driving test next week.单句语法填空1.My secretary will call you to arrange a convenient(convenience)time to meet.2.Tom was lost in reading the novel so he didnt hear his name called (call).3.As soon as I get through with my work Ill join you.4.Your letter calls up the days when we worked togethe

35、r on the farms fifteen years ago.5.What was it that distinguished her from her classmates?6.We must always bear in mind that China is a big country with a huge population.7.The exhibition was organized by the school in association (associate) with local artists.8.When you come to school，please visit

36、 my office at your convenience (convenient).9.The service offers young people practical (practice) advice on finding a job.10.Whether or not the secretary will be fired is at the mercy (merciful) of her boss.单句改错1.Can you tell me how to make myself understand better in my broken English？understandun

37、derstood2.All of us cant bear people dropped litter everywhere.droppeddropping3.We could hear a woman was singing merry in the next room.merrymerrily4.Pressing the button and the door opens by itself.PressingPress5.Distinguishing for its diligence and courage，the Chinese Nation has attracted the att

38、ention from the world.DistinguishingDistinguished6.Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden the students have to bear with.去掉with7.It is so cold and frozen that we have to stay at home.frozenfreezing.补全句子1.This superstar is _so_easygoing_that_she_can_get_along_well_with her fans.这

39、个超级明星那么平易近人以至于她与粉丝相处得很好。2.We must keep_in_mind_that it is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.我们必须牢记是共产党领导我们走向胜利的。3.Dont be discouraged.Take_things_as_they_are_and_you_will_enjoy every day of your life.不要灰心。顺其自然，你就会享受你生活中的每一天了。4.Defeated_by_the_young_player_for_the_second_time，he didnt lose

40、 heart.虽然被这位年轻的运动员再次打败了，但是他还是没有灰心。5.There are many serious health problems which_are_associated_with_smoking.有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。课 下 作 业.阅读理解It is such a common occurrence that no one ever wonders from where it came.But the telephone has a fascinating story behind it.It is the story of Alexander Graham

41、 Bell.He was born in Edinburgh，Scotland in 1847.The son of a man who was bitten_by the workings of the human voice，how it is produced and used，and especially teaching the deaf how to use it，young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his fathers such strong feelings.In 1870，because of poor health，he mi

42、grated to Canada.It was not long before his success in teaching the deaf to speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who wanted Bell to help her daughter，Mabel.Finally，Mr.Bell and Mable fell in love.It was she who inspired him to develop the then remarkable instrument that

43、transformed speech into electrical impulses (脉冲) that could then be changed back into human speech at the end of a wire.In 1877，he and Mabel were married.He later became an American citizen.Alexander Graham Bell was showered with the praise of the world.Honors came to him from all the points of the

44、compass.He went on to other discoveries，many of them.But in his own view，he was most proud of his efforts to help the deaf.So，when the government of France awarded him the Volta Prize for inventing the telephone，he combined this monetary award with the money he made from selling the patent on anothe

45、r invention to establish the Volta Bureau in Washington，D.C.Its purpose was to fund research on deafness.Today，it is called the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.Its role has been changed to providing the latest information for the deaf of the world on how best to de

46、al with their disability.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章简单介绍了有关贝尔的情况、他的伟大发明以及他对聋人的贡献。1.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase“bitten by”？A.Fed up with. B.Familiar with.C.In harmony with. D.Enthusiastic about.答案D词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“the workings of the human voice，how it is produced and used，and especial

47、ly teaching the deaf how to use it，young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his fathers such strong feelings”可知，Bell 伴着父亲的这种强烈的感情长大，再根据第三段中提到的Bell 教聋人说话可知，Bell的父亲应是热衷于人类的声音。故D项“对感兴趣，热衷于”与画线部分意义相近。2.What does the author say about Bell?A.He married a deaf woman.B.He taught the deaf to use telephones.C

48、.He was funded by a merchant.D.He was inspired by his father to invent telephones.答案A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“his success in teaching the deaf to speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who wanted Bell to help her daughter，Mabel”可知，Mabel也是一名聋人。后来Bell和Mabel结婚了，因此A项“Bell娶了一名聋人”正确。3.Wha

49、t is the Volta Bureau mentioned to show?A.The necessity to care about the deaf.B.Bells other discoveries.C.Bells passion in helping the deaf.D.The purpose of the organization.答案C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“he was most proud of his efforts to help the deaf.”“he combined this monetary award with the money he made f

50、rom selling the patent on another invention to establish the Volta Bureau .fund research on deafness”，可知，成立Volta Bureau进一步说明了Bell 对帮助聋人的热情。4.What may the paragraph that follows be about?A.The development of the Association.B.Examples of Bells other inventions.C.Something about his family.D.Bells dea

51、th and his influence.答案D推理判断题。本文介绍了Bell的成长环境、移居加拿大、结婚、成为美国公民、获奖等人生大事，可推知本文的写作目的是简要介绍Bell的生平和成就，因此下一段很可能会提到Bell的逝世和他的影响。.阅读七选五(2018郑州第三次质量预测)Selftalk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful.If youve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a spee

52、ch，youll know the social problems it can cause._1_ Talking to ourselves，whether out loud or silently in our heads，is valuable.Far from being a sign of madness，selftalk allows us to plan what we are going to do，manage our activities and control our emotions.Psychologists call selftalk the private spe

53、echlanguage that is spoken out loud but directed at yourself.We do a lot of it when we are young.As children，we use private speeches to control our actions in the same way that we use public speeches to control the behavior of others：_2_Psychological experiments have shown that this socalled inner s

54、peech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking.One recent study suggests that selftalk is the most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather that “I”.We keep the private speech we use as children insidebut we never truly put awa

55、y the out loud version._3_ Youre sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself._4_ Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places，leading to a solution to a problem，just like a regular dialogue，and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.B

56、oth kinds of selftalksilent and out loudseem to bring many different benefits to our thinking._5_A.But theres no need for embarrassment.B.If you want proof，turn on a sports channel.C.As we grow older，we keep this system inside.D.Take a trip to any preschool and watch a small child playing with toys.

57、E.Words to the self，spoken silently or aloud，are so much more than just chatter.F.According to the wellknown saying，talking to yourself is the first sign of madness.G.Selftalk seems to be a very good way of solving problems and working through ideas.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了自言自语的益处。1.A根据下文的“Talking to ourselves

58、 .is valuable.”可知，自言自语益处多多，所以没有必要感到尴尬，所以选A项。2.C根据上文的“We do a lot of it when we are young.”可推知，长大后我们把这套做法隐藏起来了，所以选C项。3.B根据下文的“Youre sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.”可推知，我们看电视时会看到运动员冲自己大声叫喊，所以选B项。4.G根据下文的“leading to a solution to a problem”可知，自言自语也是一种很好的解决问题、理清思路的办法，所以选G项。5.E根据上文

59、的“Both kinds of selftalksilent and out loud seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking.”及文章的主题可推知，此处指自言自语益处多多，比聊天好许多，所以选E项。.完形填空(2018武汉市高中毕业生调研)“God，give us thankful hearts for these and for all our many blessings.” That was the _1_ my father，an East Texas farmer，said over every meal.Pa p

60、assed away long ago，but I try to _2_ his example every day.The year we spent Thanksgiving at our home on Lake Tawakoni was such a _3_.I was preparing a dinner party for the day.I opened the oven，put in our huge _4_ and tried to turn on the old oven.It took just a few minutes for me to _5_ that the h