SCM供应链管理练习

1、Supply Chain Management ExerciseTrue or FalseA supply chain includes only the organizations directly involved in supplying components needed for manufacturing.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateA supply chain consists of all parties involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customer request.An

2、swer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateA supply chain could be more accurately described as a supply network or supply web.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateThe objective of every supply chain is to maximize the overall value generated.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe objective of every supply chain is to maxim

3、ize the value generated for the manufacturing component of the supply chain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateAll supply chain activities within a firm belong to one of three macro processes CRM, ISCM and SRM.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThere is a close connection between the design and management of

4、 supply chain flows and the success of a supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyA companys competitive strategy defines the set of customer needs that it seeks to satisfy through its products and services.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe value chain emphasizes the close relationship between all the

5、 functional strategies within a company.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateA companys product development strategy defines the set of customer needs that it seeks to satisfy through its products and services.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateA companys product development strategy specifies the portfoli

6、o of new products that it will try to develop.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyA companys supply chain strategy specifies how the market will be segmented and how the product will be positioned, priced, and promoted.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyA companys supply chain strategy determines the nature of pr

7、ocurement and transportation of materials as well as the manufacture and distribution of the product.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe degree of supply chain responsiveness should be consistent with the implied uncertainty.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe degree of supply chain responsiveness does not

8、need to be consistent with the implied uncertainty.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateThe two major types of facilities are distribution sites and storage sites.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateInventory is an important supply chain driver because changing inventory policies can dramatically alter the

9、 supply chains efficiency and responsiveness.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateInformation is potentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain as it directly affects each of the other drivers.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe high utilization facility will have no more difficulty respon

10、ding to demand fluctuations than one with a lot of unused capacity.Answer: False Difficulty: EasyStock keeping unit (SKU) storage is the warehousing methodology that uses a traditional warehouse to store all of one type of product together.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateWarehouse unit storage is th

11、e warehousing methodology that uses a traditional warehouse to store all of one type of product together.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateDistribution occurs between every pair of stages in the supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateDistribution only occurs between manufacturing and consumers

12、in the supply chain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateCompanies in the same industry often select very different distribution networks, because the choice of the distribution network can be used to achieve a variety of supply chain objectives ranging from low cost to high responsiveness.Answer: TrueD

13、ifficulty: ModerateThe main advantage of a distribution network with local storage is that it can lower the delivery cost and provide a faster response than other networks.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateWhen designing supply chain networks, companies must build appropriate flexibility to help count

14、er fluctuations in exchange rates and demand across different countries.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateInventory and facility costs increase as the number of facilities in a supply chain increase. Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateTransportation costs increase as the number of facilities is increased

15、.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateWhen faced with a network design decision, the goal of a manager is to design a network that minimizes the firms costs while satisfying customer needs in terms of demand and responsiveness.Answer: FalseDifficulty: HardThe supply chain network is designed to maximize

16、 total profits, taking into account the expected margin and demand in each market, various logistics and facility costs, and the taxes and tariffs at each location.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyDecisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the supply chain, s

17、uch as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, cannot be altered in the short term.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateDecisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant investments in the su

18、pply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, rarely remain in place for several years.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateDecisions made during the supply chain design phase regarding significant in

19、vestments in the supply chain, such as the number and size of plants to build, the number of trucks to purchase or lease, and whether to build or lease warehouse space, define the boundaries within which the supply chain must compete.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateLong-term contracts for both wareh

20、ousing and transportation requirements will be more effective if the demand and price of warehousing do not change in the future or if the price of warehousing goes up.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyLong-term contracts for both warehousing and transportation requirements will be more effective if eithe

21、r demand or the price of warehousing drops in the future.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateThe present value of future cash flows is found by using a discount factor.Answer: True Difficulty: ModerateThe rate of return k is also referred to as the present value of capital.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy

22、A negative NPV for an option indicates that the option will lose money for the supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateThe decision with the lowest NPV will provide a supply chain with the highest financial return.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateIn reality, demand and prices are highly uncerta

23、in and are likely to fluctuate during the life of any supply chain decision.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateThe goal of aggregate planning is to satisfy demand in a way that minimizes profit.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyAggregate planning is a process by which a company determines levels of capacity

24、, production, subcontracting, inventory, stockouts, and even pricing over a specified time horizon.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateAggregate planning solves problems involving aggregate decisions rather than stock keeping unit (SKU) level decisions.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyForecasting errors are

25、dealt with in aggregate plans using either safety backlog or safety capacity.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateSafety inventory is defined as inventory held to satisfy demand that is higher than forecasted.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasySafety capacity is defined as capacity used to satisfy demand that

26、is lower than forecasted.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyCompanies should work with downstream partners to produce forecasts and with upstream partners to determine constraints when doing aggregate planning.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyThe aggregate plan should be viewed primarily as an in-house tool th

27、at does not need to be communicated to supply chain partners.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyGiven that forecasts are always wrong to some degree, the aggregate plan needs to have some flexibility built into it if it is to be useful.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateWith supply and demand management deci

28、sions being made independently, it is easier to coordinate the supply chain, thereby increasing profit.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateA firm can vary supply of product by controlling production capacity and inventory.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyA firm that uses flexible work hours from the workfor

29、ce to manage capacity to better meet demand is using a seasonal workforce.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateOffering a promotion during a peak period that has significant forward buying creates even more variable demand than before the promotion.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyAverage inventory decreases

30、 if a promotion is run during the peak period and increases if the promotion is run during the off-peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyPromoting during a peak demand month may decrease overall profitability if a significant fraction of the demand increase results from a forward buy.Answer: True

31、Difficulty: HardAs forward buying becomes a smaller fraction of the demand increase from a promotion, it is less profitable to promote during the peak period.Answer: FalseDifficulty: HardAs the product margin declines, promoting during the peak demand period becomes less profitable.Answer: TrueDiffi

32、culty: EasyCycle inventory exists because producing or purchasing in large lots allows a stage of the supply chain to exploit economies of scale and increase cost.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateA lot or batch size is the quantity that a stage of the supply chain either produces or purchases at a g

33、iven time.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateCycle inventory is the physical inventory in the supply chain due to either production or purchases demanded by the customer.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateThe inventory profile is a plot depicting the level of inventory over time.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Ea

34、syA discount is volume-based if the pricing schedule offers discounts based on the quantity ordered in a single lot.Answer: FalseDifficulty: HardA discount is volume-based if the discount is based on the total quantity purchased over a given period, regardless of the number of lots purchased over th

35、at period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyPricing schedules with all unit quantity discounts encourage retailers to increase the size of their lots, which reduces the average inventory and flow time in a supply chain.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateSafety inventory is inventory carried for the purpose

36、of satisfying demand that exceeds the amount forecasted for a given period.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateSafety inventory is carried because demand forecasts are accurate and a product shortage may result if the forecast demand exceeds the actual demand.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateRaising the

37、 level of safety inventory increases product availability and thus the margin captured from customer purchases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateRaising the level of safety inventory increases inventory holding costs.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyCarrying excessive inventory can help counter demand vola

38、tility when new products come on the market.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateThe appropriate level of safety inventory is determined by the uncertainty of both demand and supply and the desired level of cycle inventory.Answer: FalseDifficulty: ModerateAs the uncertainty of supply or demand grows, th

39、e required level of safety inventories increases.Answer: TrueDifficulty: ModerateAs the desired level of product availability increases, the required level of safety inventory decreases.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy Lead time is the gap between when an order is placed and when it is received.Answer:

40、 TrueDifficulty: EasyPeriodic review policies require more safety inventory than continuous review policies for the same level of product availability.Answer: TrueDifficulty: EasyWhen using a continuous review policy, a manager has to account for the uncertainty of demand during the lead time and th

41、e review interval.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyMultiply ChoiceWhich of the following is not a stage within a typical supply chain?CustomersRetailersWholesalers/DistributorsManufacturersAll of the above are stages within a typical supply chain.Answer: eDifficulty: EasySupply chain profitability isnot

42、 correlated to the value generated by the various stages of the supply chain.the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages.the difference between the revenue generated from the customer and the overall cost across the supply chain.the total revenue generated by the distributor stage o

43、f the supply chain.b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: DifficultSuccessful supply chain management requires which of the following decision phases?supply chain strategy/designsupply chain planningsupply chain operationall of the abovea and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: ModerateThe objective of customer or

44、der entry is toget the correct orders to customers by the promised due date at the lowest possible cost.maintain a record of product receipt and complete payment.maximize the conversion of customer arrivals to customer orders.ensure that orders are quickly and accurately entered and communicated to

45、other affected supply chain processes.none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: EasyThe push/pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategic decisions relating to supply chain design, becauseit categorizes processes based on whether they are initiated in response to or in anticipation

46、 of customer orders.it specifies the roles and responsibilities of each member of the supply chain.it clearly defines the processes involved and the owners of each process.it focuses on processes that are external to the firm.it focuses on processes that are internal to the firm.Answer: aDifficulty:

47、 HardWhich of the following statements about pull processes is accurate?May also be referred to as speculative processes.Execution is initiated in anticipation of customer orders.At the time of execution, demand must be forecast.May also be referred to as reactive processes.None of the above are acc

48、urate.Answer: dDifficulty: EasyWhich of the following statements about push processes is accurate?May also be referred to as speculative processes.Execution is initiated in response to customer orders.At the time of execution, demand is known with certainty.May also be referred to as reactive proces

49、ses.None of the above are accurate.Answer: aDifficulty: EasySupply chain macro processes include which of the following?Customer Relationship Management (CRM)Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM)Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)all of the abovenone of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: EasyA compa

50、nys competitive strategy defines the set of customer needs that it seeks to satisfy through its products and services.specifies the portfolio of new products that it will try to develop.specifies how the market will be segmented and how the product will be positioned, priced, and promoted.determines

51、 the nature of procurement and transportation of materials as well as manufacture and distribution of the product.determines how it will obtain and maintain the appropriate set of skills and abilities to meet customer needs.A companys supply chain strategydefines the set of customer needs that it se

52、eks to satisfy through its products and services.specifies the portfolio of new products that it will try to develop.specifies how the market will be segmented and how the product will be positioned, priced, and promoted.determines the nature of procurement and transportation of materials as well as

53、 manufacture and distribution of the product.determines how it will obtain and maintain the appropriate set of skills and abilities to meet customer needs.Answer: dDifficulty: EasyA supply chain strategy includessupplier strategy.operations strategy.logistics strategy.all of the abovenone of the abo

54、ve Answer: dDifficulty: ModerateCustomer demand from different segments varies along which of the following attributes?The quantity of product needed in each lot.The response time that customers are willing to tolerate.The variety of products needed.The service level required.all of the aboveAnswer:

55、 eDifficulty: EasyWhich of the following is not an attribute along which customer demand varies?The uniqueness of the product.The quantity of product needed in each lot.The variety of products needed.The desired rate of innovation in the product.All of the above are attributes.Answer: aDifficulty: M

56、oderateThe uncertainty of customer demand for a product is therate of strategic uncertainty.demand uncertainty.implied demand uncertainty.average forecast error.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: ModerateThe uncertainty that exists due to the portion of demand that the supply chain is required to

57、 meet is therate of strategic uncertainty.demand uncertainty.implied demand uncertainty.average forecast error.none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: ModerateWhich of the following supply chain capabilities will cause supply uncertainty to increase?Frequent breakdownsUnpredictable and low yieldsPoor

58、qualityLimited supply capacityall of the aboveAnswer: eDifficulty: EasyWhich of the following is not a major driver of supply chain performance?FacilitiesInventoryTransportationInformationAll of the above are major drivers of supply chain performance.Answer: eDifficulty: EasyWhich of the following i

59、s not a major driver of supply chain performance?CustomersFacilitiesInventoryTransportationInformationAnswer: aDifficulty: ModerateThe places in the supply chain network where product is stored, assembled, or fabricated are known rmation.customers.Answer: aD

60、ifficulty: EasyThe warehousing methodology that uses a traditional warehouse to store all of one type of product together iswarehouse unit storage.stock keeping unit (SKU) storage.job lot storage.cross-docking.none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: ModerateSeasonal inventory should be used whena comp