语法系列061被动语态模四U3 详细版课件

1、语法系列06:Passive voice 被动语态首先请记不规则动词表:这些词用来作什么?1语法系列06:Passive voice 被动语态P7 1. Do 的各种时态及其语态:P17 2.Practice:各种被动式操练:P30 Test:P37 3. 含有情态动词的被动语态：P41 4.双宾语动词的被动式：P52 5.短语动词被动式：use be made ofP65 6. 复合宾语结构(宾语+ 宾补)的被动式P81 7. nobody=not by anybody2P81 7. nobody=not by anybodyP88 8.It is said=Sb. is said to P

2、94 Sb. is said to 的各种时态操练P107 9.主动还是被动P108 (1)事物-被动关系sth. is located P121 (2)人-被动关系 sb. be interested P134 (3) Be ed+ 什么介词P145 (4) vi-vt run out-run out ofP155 10.主动表被动3P157 sound smellP162 .sell washP173 . wont openP178 11.被动表主动及反身动词P180 (1) seatP187 (2) devoteP192 (3)dedicateP195 (4)dress：P200 (5)

3、 accustom：P203 (6) enjoy：4P214 12.无被动的词:take placeP222 13.动名词和不定式的被动结构:P232 14.其它结构中主动表被动的句型:PPPPPP5PPPPPPPPP671. Do 的各种时态及其语态:下列句子是什么时态，并变成被动语态：1.I do it every day.It is done (by me) every day.I do them every day.They are done ( by me) every day.2.I did it yesterday.It was done yesterday.I did them

4、 yesterday.They were done yesterday.81.一般现在时.2.一般过去时.3.I will do it tomorrow.It will be done tomorrow.I will do them tomorrow.They will be done tomorrow.Im going to do it tomorrow.It is going to be done tomorrow.4.Im doing it now. It is being done now.Im doing them now.They are being done now.93.一般将

5、来时.4. 现在进行时.5. I have done it by now.It has been done by now.I have done them by now.They have been done by now.6. I have been doing it.完成进行时无被动语态105.现在完成时.6.现在完成 进行时.7.I had done it by yesterday.It had been done by yesterday.I had done them by yesterday.They had been done by yesterday.8.I was doing

6、 it at 8:00 last night.It was being done at 8:00 .I was doing them at 8:00 last night.They were being done at 8:00 last night117.过去 完成时.8.过去进行时.12以上为中学生必须掌握的基本时态;以下为参考:9. He said he would do it the next day.He said it would be done .He said he would do them the next day.He said they would be done.10

7、. I will be doing it this time tomorrow.无被动.139.过去将来时.10.将来进行时.11. I will have done it by the end of next month.It will have been done .12.He said he would have done them by the next day.He said they would have been done.13. He said he would be doing it at 8:00 the next day.无被动.1411. 将来完成时.13.过去将来进行

8、时 .12.过去将来完成时.14. He said he had been doing it since the week before.15. I will have been doing it for a year by the end of this term.16.He said he would have been doing it for a year by the end of that term.1514.过去完成进行时. 无被动16.过去将来完成进行时.无被动15.将来完成进行时.无被动16172.Practice:(一般动词)各种被动式操练:1. 一般现在时： People

9、 grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown by people in the south of the country. The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed by the school to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 182. 一般过去时： They agreed on the building of a new car fa

10、ctory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on (by them) last month. The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten by the students. 193. 一般将来时： They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. They will give plenty of jobs t

11、o school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. School-leavers will be given plenty of jobs.204. 过去将来时： The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. The workers told me they would me

12、nd the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 215. 现在进行时： The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcast on the radio. We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 226. 过去进行时： - Why didnt they drive th

13、ere on time? -Because the workers were mending the road. Because the road was being mended. This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year. 237. 现在完成时： Someone has told me the sports meet might be put off. I have been told the sports meet might be

14、put off. That the sports meet might be put off has been told to me. We have brought down the price. The price has been brought down. 248. 过去完成时： When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. The who

15、le country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader. 2526A quiz: Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice.The teacher teaches the children to draw.Someone paid the man at the end of the week.You cant

16、 fly a kite if there is no wind.Has she finished her homework?Where is he repairing the color TV set?Who wrote the letter?Whom did she take care of?No one sells bicycles in our town.Will you bring me this book tomorrow?You must hand in your exercise-books.271.The children are taught to draw (by the

17、teacher).2. The man was paid at the end of the week.A kite cant be flown if there is no wind.Has her homework been finished?Where is the color TV set being repaired?By whom was the letter written?Who was taken care of by her?No bicycles are sold by anyone in our town.Will this book be brought tome t

18、omorrow?Your exercise-books must be handed in.2829Test:301. -My watch has stopped. What time is it now? -Sorry , my watch _. It _ at the shop .A. was broken;was repaired B. is broken; is repairedC. is broken; is being repaired D. was broken was being repaired 31C2. I _ a novel by Dickens last night,

19、 and another night I will finish it.A. had read B. read C. have read D. was reading3.-We want to sit at the table near the window. -Im sorry, but it _already. A. was taken B. has been taken C. will be taken D. has taken32DB33343536373. 含有情态动词的 被动语态：3. 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词(can, must)的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 过

20、去分词”构成。 You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him. 383940414.双宾语动词的 被动式：.带双宾语动词的句式:1. He gave me a book.=He gave a book to me. 变被动语

21、态I was given a book = A book was given to me.2.The professor showed the class the cup with mixture. 变被动语态The class were shown the cup with mixture The cup with mixture was shown to the class. 423. I lent her my bike. 变被动语态 She was lent my bike.My bike was lent to her. 4. He bought me a book.= He bou

22、ght a book for me. 变被动语态I was bought a book.A book was bought for me.5. Mother made me a new skirt.变被动I was made a new skirt. A new skirt was made for me.431. He was so near-sighted that he didnt see the notice which _ Wet paint!A. was written B. read C. wrote D. was read44B上面写着: “”,动词一般用say或read,也可

23、用write的被动形式.on which were written “”2. The telephone had been ringing for several minutes before it_A. answered B. had answered C. was answering D. was answered45D3. The door _. Better get someone to have it repaired right now.A. isnt open B. hasnt been open C. isnt be open D. wont openwont shut / c

24、lose / start /lock46D4. The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they _.A. were playing B. were to play C. had played D. played47B484950515.短语动词被动式：52Good use be made of5. 还有一种短语动词由动词+ 名词+ 介词构成，变被动语态有两种形式，如下： 1) We tak

25、e good care of the trees. The trees are taken good care of. 或Good care is taken of the trees. 532) You must pay attention to your pronunciation. Your pronunciation must be paid attention to. Attention must be paid to your pronunciation. 常见的短语动词有：catch sight of, make use of, pay attention to, set fir

26、e to, take care of, take hold of, take notice of, keep an eye on 等。 54The chance should be made _, since you have got it.A. up of B. the most ofC. into D. from55The chance that youve just got should _ the most of _ your spoken English.A. make; to improve B. be made; to improveC. be made; improving D

27、. make; improving56What use will be made _ this material?A. from B. into C. of D. out57由动词+ 介词或副词构成的短语动词，介词或副词不可漏掉。1.不及物动词+ 介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operate on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。 The doctor is operating on the patient. 变被动语态The patient is being operated on. you

28、 shouldnt talk about it. 变被动It shouldnt be talked about. 582.及物动词+ 副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, 等。 Well put off the sports meet because of the bad weather. 变被动The sports meet will be put off because o

29、f the bad weather.5962 . I promise that the matter will _.A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of 63 .That dinner was the most expensive meal we_.A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had60BD61626364656. 复合宾语结构(宾语+ 宾补)的被动语态6. 带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构

30、中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如： We always keep the classroom clean. The classroom is always kept clean. She told us to follow her instructions. We were told to follow her instructions. 66注意：不要误把宾补的名词移作主语:Tomatoes were first taken back to Europe and people called them love apples. 误: Love apples were cal

31、led them. 正: They were called love apples. 注意： We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar. 67翻译并变成被动语态：1.我经常听见他唱这首歌。2. 8:10时我听到他正在唱歌.68I often hear him sing this song.He is often heard to sing this song.I heard him singing the song at 8:10.He was heard singing the song3.

32、 我经常听到这首歌被人唱.结构:69I often hear this song sung.This song is often heard sung.hear sb. do doing doneSb is heard to do doing donehear sb. do表示经常行为;某次完成了的行为.I heard him get into the room. hear sb. doing表示正在进行的动作;整个过程.I heard him coughing all night.hear sb. done表示宾语和宾补被动关系;完成.I found my necklace gone.70

33、1. When he got home, he found that his house _ (break into) and that a lot of things _ (steal).= he found his house_and a lot of things_.2. They talked until they heard her uncle _ (return).3.It could be interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman _ ( talk) together.71had been stolen(had been) br

34、oken intostolenreturntalkinghad been broken into4.get sb.5. The teacher explained the question again, but couldnt make the students _ (understand).6. make himself_(understand).72to dodoingdoneunderstandunderstoodmake sb.7. who left the door _ (open)?8. Dont leave me _ (wait) long.9. He went to sleep

35、, leaving the stomach_(cover) with a scarf. 73dodone open (adj.)waitingcoveredSb is made to do done 1. I am terribly sorry for being late, but I _in the traffic jam. A. had been caught B. had caught C. was caught D. caught74C遭遇到Sb. be caught in 2. -You are drinking too much. -Only at home. No one _m

36、e but you. (2000)A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw75C3. All the preparations for the task _ and were ready to start.A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed31. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes.A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose76DB 77787980817

37、. nobody=not by anybody7.1 Nobody can answer this question. The question can be answered by nobody. The question can not be answered by anybody. 7. 1.当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如： 822. 当否定句中的宾语是anything, anybody, anyone等不定代词时，在被动句中应将其分别变为nothing, nobo

38、dy, no one作主语，并将谓语动词变为肯定的被动语态。如： They havent done anything to make the river clean. 误：Anything hasnt been done to make the river clean. 正：Nothing has been done to make the river clean. 833. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首： Who wrote the story? 误：Who was the story written by? 正：By whom was the story

39、written?841. Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken2.A new cinema _here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built85AD8687888.It is saidSb. is said to 8. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中

40、一般常用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说 据信据报导 据推测 普遍认为 89It is said that sb./sth.It is believed that sb./sth.It is reported that sb./sth.It is supposed that sb./sth.It is generally considered that sb./sth.以上句型可转换成:sb./sth is said to do人们希望 It is hoped that 有人建议It is suggested that 众所周知 It is well known that 以上句型不可转换为:sb

41、./sth is to do即: hope sb. to do /sb. is hoped to do90 sb. to do sb. to dohope wishdemand require/ ask /requestsuggest/ propose adviseagree allowrefuse forbid91I expect to see you tomorrow.He pretended to be a soldier.He pretended to have been a soldier.Im sorry to have troubled you.92先后同时先后先后不定式用一般时

42、态不定式用完成时态据说他下个星期要来.ItHe据说他上个星期来了.It He93先后后先is said that he will come next week.=is said to come next week.is said that he came last week.=is said to have come last week.再如:Im sorry to have troubled you.94Sb. is said to 的各种时态 操练It is said that he will study in America.=He is said to study It is said

43、 that he is studying in =He is said to be studying in95It is said that he studied in =He is said to have studied inIt is said that he has been studying in the U.S. since two years ago.He is said to have been studying in 96It is said that his book was translated into several foreign languages.His boo

44、k is said to have been translated into It is said that his book will be translated into several foreign languages.His book is said to be translated 97据报导有20人在这次事故中受伤.It20 people are reported to have been injured in the accident.98is reported that 20 people wereinjured in the accident.=25I dont know

45、whether you happen , but Im going to study in the U.S.A. this September .Ato be heard Bto be hearing Cto hear Dto have heard 2004（辽宁卷）9933. The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causing B. being causedC. to be caused D. be have cause

46、d2004（上海卷）10025.- Is Bob still performing?- Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. 2005 (江苏卷)A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left10126. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.A. ones B. one C.

47、 that D. those1021031041051061079.主动还是被动108(1)事物-被动关系 sth. is located 比较把这家旅馆与那家五星级的相比, 你会发现它们无法相比.Compare this hotel with that five-star hotel, youll find it doesnt match that one.莎翁把世界比作大舞台,把舞台比作小世界.Shakespeare compared the world to a big stage, and the stage a small world.Compare A with B :把A 与B

48、相比.Compare A to B: 把A 比作B.109高一模二unit3wordsComparecompare相比match比得上与去年的相比, 今年的产量增加了45%.Compared with/ to that of last year, the production this year has increased by 45%.在这种分词作状语的结构中, 二者相等.11027You should try to get a good nights sleep much work you have to do . 2004（湖北卷）Ahowever Bno matter Calthoug

49、h Dwhatever 28 with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all .ACompare BWhen comparing CComparing DWhen compared 111112 locate vt. 使座落于我们学校位于市中心. 1. Our school _ in the center of the town.即:Sth be located in / at /on _ on the river, our school is like a park attractin

50、g lots of visitors. A. locating B. being locateC. having been located D. locatedis located Dsth. is located用被动这种类型的词还有：113物作主语时这些词用系表(被动)结构:be located in /at /by 位于be based on 以为根据 be set in 以为背景be exposed to 暴露于 暴晒于be intended /designed/ meant to do /for sth. (事物的)意图是, 专为而设计be lined with (街两边)排列着 b

51、e surrounded by 被围着.be aimed at /to 也可用主动 aim at/to 114_for small vehicles only, the village roads are damaged by heavy trucks.A. meaning B. meant C. to mean D. being meant115mean to do (人)打算be meant to do /for sth.(事物的)意图是, 专为而设计I mean to improve my oral English.These activities are meant to improv

52、e your oral English.SetThe sun is setting. Do you like to see the sunset?Please set the table. We are going to have dinner.A set of selected works of Shakespeare.为(故事)设立背景这部小说以旧上海为背景.This novel is set in /against old Shanghai.116落下-rise安放一套_in the Qin Dynasty in the late 1800s, this movie reflects t

53、he poverty, backwardness and uncivilization (愚昧)of the people and the country .A. Setting B. Set C. To set D. Being set117The street is lined with trees on both sides.Our school is surrounded by trees.These activities aim to / are aimed to improve everyones oral English.118119120121(2)人-被动关系sb. be i

54、nterested _in performance, he gave up his job as a teacher and turned to acting.A. Interested B. InterestingC. Being interested D. Having interested122123规律总结:某人 对感兴趣:be(feel, become) interested in由此类推:对感到意外:be surprised at 对感到困惑:be puzzled about对感受到失望:be disappointed at 124interest这类词的基本结构是：English

55、 interests me.I am interested in English.Sth. V. Sb. 主动结构Sb. is V-ed in/with/atby sth. 被动V-ing 令别人V-ed 某(本)人感到学会一个词,则学会一类词,只是后面接的介词不同:125be interested/ surprised /determined 一类词其答案就用 ed一词,没有必用being, 因为这类词在这种情况下表状态而不是表原因，不译成“因为”.Determined to catch up with others, he studies very hard.Exhausted（=tire

56、d）, he went to sleep in no time.126_ of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.A. Convinced B. ConvincingC. To convince D. Having convinced=Believing ofHe was convinced of the truth. 被动.He believed the truth. 主动.127We _(面临) a serious problem._ with a serious problem, I dont know wh

57、at to do.He _（穿着） a new coat._ in a new coat, he looks smart today.128are faced withis dressed inFacedDressed The man _ (陶醉于）the achievements made._ in the achievements made, he no longer makes any advances.The troubled kid _（沉迷于）computer games._ in computer games, the kid has deserted his studies.1

58、29is drunk inis lost inDrunkLostinterest这类词的基本结构是：English interests me.I am interested in English.Sth. V. Sb. 人作主语-主动结构Sb. is V-ed in sth. 物作主语-被动V-ing 令别人V-ed 某(本)人感到学会一个词,则学会一类词,只是后面接的介词不同:130Sth. interests sb. 主动sb. is interested in. 用被动结构 这种类型的词还有：131使人无聊 使人疲倦使人失望 使人兴奋使人讨厌 使人满意使人高兴 使人烦恼使人沮丧 使人着迷

59、 使人恐惧 使人惊恐使人开心 使人惊奇使人尴尬 使人放松使人惊讶 使人震惊132 shock surprise, astonish terrify/scare depress upset please satisfy disgust excite disappoint tire borefrighten amaze amuse fascinateembarrass relax即人作主语时这些词用系表(被动)结构:be _in / byinspired encouraged discouraged confusedpuzzled worriedassured delightedfrustrate

60、d ashamed annoyed honored He was frustrated by repeated failures. 他因一再失败而灰心丧气。 133 interested 134(3) Be ed+ 什么介词 其后的介词不同:1. inbe lost in be drunk in be involved in be engaged in be occupied in be buried inbe absorbed in be addicted tobe seated in be dressed inbe set in 1352. to be addicted to be dev