高中英语定语从句知识点归纳总结说课讲解

1、高 中 英 语 定 语 从 句 知 识 点 总 结 第 1 页,共 7 页精品文档 定语从句 1.定语：定语用来限定,修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰,限定作用的词,短语或句 子,汉语中常用 的 表示 a clever boy The boiling water Fallen leaves The man who you are looking for 2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句； Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning.3.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 4.关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关

2、系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词； 关系代词： 关系副词： 一关系代词引导的定语从句 练习 1：合并以下句子,判定关系词句子中充当的成分 1. He is the man . I told you about him. 2 These are some trees. They were planted last year. 3. This recorder is made in Japan. He is using it. 4 Wang Lin is our monitor. She is 16 years old. 5 This is the girl. Her parents are do

3、ctors. 6. This is the book .Its cover is blue. 归纳 that 指人/物,作或 或 . which 指物,作who 指人 ,作whose 在定语从句中作,表示引导词,与 whose 后的名词为所属关whose 多指人,也可指物,指物时可 与 of which 互换使用； 练习 2 用适当的关系代词填空； 1. He is the model worker we should learn from. 2. A dictionary is a book often helps us to know the meanings of the words.

4、3. The boy father is a professor is one of my best friends. 4. The house roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt 5.I have a friend likes listening to the classical music. 6.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress I gave her. man leg broke in a match used to be a good football player. 特别提示

5、 （一）只用 that,不用 which 的情形： . 1.先行词被 all, very, any, much, little, few, no 等修饰时 2.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时； 3.先行词前有 the only, the very, the same, the righ等 t 修饰时； 4.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作先行 词； 5.先行词既有人也有物 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系治理员删除 第 2 页,共 7 页精品文档 6.主句以 which, wh

6、o, what 开头的疑问 句 （二）先行词是 one,ones, those, anyone, he 时,关系词只who Those want to go to the Great Wall will sign up here. 用 （三）只用 which,不用 that 1,非限制性定语从句 I have lost the pen, I like very much. 2,用在介词后 例如：有机器的房间是车间； The room The room there is a machine is a workshop. there is a machine in is a workshop. 四

7、“介词+关系代词”型定语从句考点 1.关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由 2.如介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用 “介词 +关系代词 ”引出； whom,不行用 who, that；关系代词指物时 只可用 which,不行用 that；关系代词是全部格时用 whose； This is the book which I paid 5 yuan. The man to younoddedisone of my fathers partners. 二关系副词引导的定语从句 表示时间,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如 time, day,hour,year Do you remem

8、ber the day on which you joined our club. 等） 表示地点,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如 This is the place where my mother was born. 表示缘由,常用在先行词 reason 的后place, room, house,street, are等） aI dont know the reasonwhyshelooksunhappy today. 关系副词都等于一个适当的 介词 which,在从句中作状语 When=in/at/on/ +which; Where=in/at/on/ +which; Why=for /

9、 +which 比较： 1. I still remember the day I first came to Beijing. ； 先行词 “theday”在从句中做 ,表示时间 : I first came to Beijing . 所以用关系副词比较： I still remember the day we spend together. ,并且可省略） 先行词 “the day”在从句中做 spend： We spendtogether（. 所以在该句中用关系代词 ； 2. This is the place we worked last year. 先行词 “theplace”在从句

10、中做 ,表示地点： We workedlast year. 所 以用关系副词 比较： This is the place we visited last year. , 且可省略； 先行词 “theplace”在从句中做 visited的： We visited last year.所以用关系代词 选择适当的关系词完成句子 1.October 1,1949was the daythe PeoplseRepublic of Chinawasfounded.第 3 页,共 7 页2.October 1, 1949 was the day he will never forget. 收集于网络,如有

11、侵权请联系治理员删除 精品文档 3. This is the house 4. This is the house 5.This is the house 6.This is the house 7.This is the reason 8.This is the reason I was born. windows are very clean. I love very much. is very beautiful. he was late. he gave us. 三. 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开,用于补充说明； 1 which: 用于指代先行词（物）,或整个主句,不能

12、省略； 2 who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人）,不能省略； 3 all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分； e.g. 1.Last week I met John, seemed to be very excited. 2. 留意：在非限制性定从中,不能用 that； 1. I like the book,wasboughtyesterday我 . 宠爱这本书,这是昨天买的； 2. I like the book 3. .Which 可指前面整个句子； . wasboughtyesterday宠爱昨天买的那本书； The sun sends o

13、ut light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth. His father is an engineer, makes him very proud. . what for what . which . that 四 AS 引导的定语从句 （一）,限制性定语从句中 1先行词有 the same 或 such 引导或先行词the same 或 such 时,例为 It is the same situation 10 years ago when I left. 如： Such pe

14、ople you describe are rare nowadays. 2在 so as 或 as as 结构中,先行词前的定语被 so 或 as 修饰时,例She is not so happy a man you think. 如： I have never seen as beautiful flowers you have. 先行词前有 the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物 时 ;假如表示的是与先行词同一类或相像的某 物,就用 the same as .如： 1. This is the samepurse that I lost yesterda 这 y. 就是我昨天丢的那

15、个钱夹； 2. This is the samepurseas I lost yesterda这 y. 个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样； （二）,非限制性定语从句中 先行词为整个句子,可用 as 或引 which 导,常用逗号分开,可置于句首,句中或句末,但句首或句中间时只能用 as 来引导,例1.David, you all know, is a great painter. （定语从句插在中间） 2. isknown to usall,weshouldbeequalbeforelaws（. 定语从句插在中间） 3.China is a large country, is known to us

16、 all.（定语从句插在中间） as 的这种用法常见于以下这些结:as wecan see, ascanbeseen,asweknow,a（s iws ell） known, as may be imagined, as often happens, as has been said before, as was mentioned above, as is often the case, a s/indeed it is 而 which 不行； 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系治理员删除 第 4 页,共 7 页精品文档 五,定语从句的主谓一样 （一）一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应当与它

17、的先行词保持一样；例如： 1 I am not one who is afraid of difficulty 我是个不怕困难的人； 2 Dont choose me,who am not qualified for this job不要选我,我不适合做这项工作； 3Anyonewhohasquestions to as,天下午到我办公室来； please come to my office this afternoon有问题要问的人,今 （二） one of+复数名词 +who + 谓语（复数） that the only one of+复数名词 +which+ 谓语（单数） 如： 1. T

18、hat isone of the most valuabledictionaries that haveappearedinrecent years那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一； 2. Heis the onlyone of thoseworkerswho 他是那些工人中唯独能做此工作的人； beable to do this job六定语从句中,当先行词为 situation,point,position,state,stage,case时用 where 引导从1. We will discuss a number of cases beginners of English

19、fail to use the language properly. 2. After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do 定语从句练习 I填关系词 : 1. This is the very thing I am after. 2. We talked about the men and the things we remembered at school. 3. Whichis the star isnearest to the ear？4. He often speaks

20、 the role he played in the play, made others upset 5. Anyone has the money can join the group. 6. He opened the door, in front of sat a boy. 7. The man to I spoke is a famous scientist. 8. The boy parents were dead was brought up by his uncle. dont like the wayyouspeak to your parents. II 对比练习 : 1.

21、1 This is the house I once lived. 第 5 页,共 7 页2 This is the house I once visited. A. that B. when C. where D. there 2. 1 I wont forget the dayswestudiedin the college.2 I wont forget the dayswespent together. A. which B. when C. who D. on which 3. 1 Taiwan is part of China, is known to all. 2 is know

22、n to all, Taiwan is part of China .A. that B. which C. As D. Which 4. 1 The reason he explained to me is unreasonable. 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系治理员删除 精品文档 2Hecouldngtive the teacheragoodreasonA. why B. for that C. which D. whose hewaslate for school.5. 1 He has three daughters, all of are doctors. 2He has three

23、 daughters, and all of are doctors. A. who B. whom C. that D. them 6. 1 He still lives in the room window faces to the east. 2 He still lives in the room, the window faces to the east. 3He still lives in the room is in the north of the city. 4He still lives in the room there is a beautiful table. A.

24、 which B. whose C. where D. of which 7. 1 He is such a good teacher we all like him. 2 He is such a good teacher we all like. A. whom B. that C. as D. which IV. 合并句子 : 1. Beijing has a long history. Beijing is the capital of China . 2. I remembered the soldier. He told me not to tell anyone what I h

25、ad seen. 3. Xianisone of the few citieswith city walls. Its wallsremainasgoodas before. 4. The college is a famous one. He studied in the college for four years. 5. He said that he had never seen her before. It was not true. V. 选词填空：（选用关系代词 who, whom, that, which, whose, as 关系副词 when, where, why 填 空

26、） Mrs. White is a good lady. 1 is known to everyone, she is very kind and helpful to her neighbors. A few daysago,sheheardhernewneighbor,s 2nameshe forgo,t would come and move into his new house, 3 is only 20 meters away from hers, but she had never seen him. One day when she came back home, she saw

27、 a man 4 was wearing a brown hat carrying a ladder on his shoulder. The man put the ladder against the window 5 faces north. Mrs. White said to herself, “Thief, it isa thief. ”Sherangup the policeimmediatelyandsoon two policemen appeared in front of the house 6 the thief wanted to steal things. When

28、 the man wastold to handineverything7hehad stole,n the manshruggedhisshouldersandmadeaface, 8 made the policemen and Mrs. White angry. The man looked surprised. It was then 9 the man understood the reason 10 the policemen came. The man said with a smile, “ I can t find my key. Bmutyitnewhouses”VI 高考链接 收集于网络,如有侵权请联系治理员删除 第 6 页,共 7 页精品文档 1.While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away 考语法填