翻译的技巧 2课件

1、翻译的技巧 2增词法、省略法什么是增词？为什么要增词？There are two perfectly good men: one dead had the other unborn. 怎样翻译？ 一个是死人一个未出生？增加那些在语法上或修辞上必不可少的词语,也就是增加原文字面虽未出现但却为其实际内容所包含的词语。（世界上）（只有）两个完美无缺的人：一个（已经）死了，另外一个（还）没有出生。体验增词法：Millions of homeowners are remodeling to protect their investment by upgrading kitchen countertops

2、 to granite.不恰当的处理：数百万房主通过把厨房工作台改建成花岗岩来保护他们的投资。需要将表达显性化： 原文有3层信息：1.房主改建 2. 为了保护投资 3.厨房台面升级成花岗岩改译（注意增加的词语）：为了保护他们在住房上的投资，数百万的房主在装修房子，把厨房的工作台换成花岗岩台面的。体验衔接性增词：Wall Street quickly sought out merger partners, creating behemoths like Citigroup and JPMorgan Chase.不合适的译文：华尔街很快寻找兼并伙伴，创造了花旗集团，摩根大通等巨头。要把原文意思说清

3、楚：华尔街上的各式机构很快找到了兼并伙伴，并由此产生出花旗集团，摩根大通等巨头。为了意义上需要加词：The most important document in international trade is the bill of lading, which proves ownership.国际贸易中最重要的（单据）是提单，它能证明（单据所有人对商品的）所有权。文学性的例子：These alterations of mood were the despair and joy of Ethan.不太美好的译文：这些情绪变化是伊坦的绝望和喜悦。 莫名其妙？她的这种情绪变化，叫伊坦时而绝望，时而高

4、兴。她这种一会儿一个情调，叫伊坦时而灰心，时而高兴。汉语动词没有时态语态，需加词It seems that successful scientist is full of curiosity.需要增词表达一般现在时态成功的科学家似乎总是充满好奇心。Then the whole course of my life might have been different. 需要增词表达虚拟语气要是真是那样的话，我的生命路程也许是另一番景象。排比句型需加词补充：We dont retreat, we never have and never will.我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过，将来也绝不后退。增补

5、原文中省略的词语英汉语法差异造成：She majors in Psychology and her brother in Sociology. 她主修心理学，她弟弟主修社会学。Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。练习： 注意时态语态和单复数Over the last several years, China has been seeking to resume its contracting party status.近几年来，中国一直在争取恢复其缔约国的地位。Af

6、ter watching for years, he discovered important phenomena.观察了数年之久，他发现了许多重要现象。Had we know it in time, we would have prevented the accident.要是我们及时知道那事，事故本来是可以防止的。减词法（省略法）The agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. （问题） 为了表达严谨，那些词是多余的？ 省略法：指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意，或

7、者在译文中是不言而喻的。此协议由A, B双方当事人订立。The agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B. 重复表达原则：减词不减意 The address is the part of the letter that shows the complete name and address of the receiver of the letter being sent.地址是信件中表明被寄信件的接受者的完整的姓名和地址的那一部分。“地址”是信函的一部分，指收信人的姓名和地址。略去重复表达(注意划

8、线部分)Optoelectronics uses photons, or the particles of light, and electrons to carry data. 光电子利用光子和电子传输信息。 The report stressed the diverse forms that such programs should take to bring education within the reach of all and to extend it to all. 这份报告强调该类教育项目的形式应该多样化，以便所有的人都能享受到。综合使用加词法和减词法 A number of

9、students asked for comments on the proposals to expel some wrong-doers told reporters they were sensible enough to understand there should be necessary disciplines.句子信息主干：Students told reporters there should be necessary disciplines.综合使用A number of students asked for comments on the proposals to expel some wrong-doers told reporters they were sensible enough to understand there shoul