2021-2022学年湖南省株洲市茶陵二中高三（最后冲刺）英语试卷含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡

2、一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Advertising often functions as an indicator for _ society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.AwhatBwhetherChowDwhich2My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attendedBcouldnt have attendedCmust

3、nt have attendedDneednt have attended3Do you feel like going to the cinema tonight?Sorry, I m so tiredI _an early nightAhaveBam havingChave hadDhad4She then took the little key, and opened it, trembling, but could not at first see anything _, because the windows were shut.Aplainly Bclosely Cfirmly D

4、frequently5Better get down to your work, Tom. _.AIts my pleasure BDont mention it CMind your own business DYoure welcome6 The room looks bigger! We _ the furniture.Ahave changedBhad changedCchangedDare changing7_some people criticize graffiti for being ugly and destructive, those graffiti lovers sti

5、ll see it as real art.AAs BWhileCOnce DUntil8When the old man woke up, he found someone his TV in the living room.AstoleBstealCstealingDstolen9Mary_ to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week.Ahad gone Bhas been goingCis going Dwent10Why did you let _ kids off this t

6、ime?I just want to give them _ second chanceA/; theBthe;/Cthe; theDthe; a11 Whats wrong with your ipad2? The sound _is not clear. -Yes. It has been broken for some time.Acome outBcoming outCto come outDcame out12 “Drive-ins” have large parking lots _ customers are served in their cars by waitresses.

7、AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhere13-Kingsman: The Secret Service is a spy action comedy film. Wants to come with me?-Id love to, but my best friend is getting married, and I wont _ it for anything.AoverlookBtradeCmissDforget14-There are probably aliens living here on earth.-_! I cant believe you said that.ACome

8、 onBForget itCGo aheadDAllow me15When was _ you last met Jennifer? I havent seen her for ages. Ait that Bit Cit what Dwhat16By the time we _ from our school, we have been close friends for more than ten years.AgraduatedBwill graduateCare graduatingDgraduate17It is widely acknowledged that students s

9、hould be _ in terms of overall quality.AsupportedBmatchedCevaluatedDcontrolled18She is a strong-willed woman and not once _ in to any difficulty in her life.Ashe has givenBdid she giveCshe gaveDhas she given19Are we about to having dinner?Yes, it _ in the dining room.Aserve Bis servingCis being serv

10、ed Dhas been serving20_the effect of culture shock, he is trying to read a lot about it before going to France for further study.ATo reduce BReducedCReducing DHaving reduced第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Scientists fear rising energy bills may lead to an increase in obesity

11、（肥胖） after discovering a link between poorly-heated homes and higher body -fatResearchers from the University of Stirlings Behavioural Science Centre set out to explore claims that warm indoor temperatures have contributed to rising obesity levels in winterInstead, the team found that people who liv

12、e in well-heated homes are more likely to have low body mass index （体重指数） levels while those who keep their heating turned down or off tend to be heavierDr Michael Daly, behavioral scientist and senior lecturer, said: We set out to investigate the scientific claims that cooler indoor temperatures he

13、lp us maintain a healthy weight by pushing our bodies to use up more energy. In fact, the research suggests people may eat less and burn more energy when in a warmer indoor environmentThe 13-year study, published in the journal Obesity, involved more than 100,000 adults across EnglandResearchers fou

14、nd reduced weight levels among people living in homes heated to above 23C（73F）, which involved about 15,000 of the households studiedDr Daly said: As national gas bills continue to rise faster than the rate of inflation, this research suggests the obesity could worsen where heating is turned down be

15、low comfortable levels or off for long periods to cut costsThis is not just about people who live in well-heated homes being in the financial position to afford more expensive low-calorie foods, exercise classes and sporting activities, and therefore finding it easier to maintain a low BMI levelThe

16、study took age, sex, social class and other factors into accountThe comfortable temperature of 20C -23C is where we feel comfortable in our clothes and are neither hot nor coldAt temperatures above this, we use more energy and we eat less because our appetite is affected1、The findings of the researc

17、h can be described as AhorribleBsurprisingCfunnyDencouraging2、According to the passage, with rising gas bills, people may turn down or off their heating to_.Astay in shapeBmaintain a low BMI levelCsave moneyDavoid eating more3、Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?AObesity lin

18、ks to poorly-heated homesBWell-heated homes contribute to obesityCObesity- A weighty problem in EnglandDRising energy bills help maintain a healthy weight22（8分）Your 2018 Reading List, Provided by Bill GatesMost of us cant live like billionaire Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, but we can read like hi

19、m. Gates recommended four books in 2018though some were published earlier.Leonardo da Vinci, by Walter Isaacson (2017)The bestselling biographer of Steve Jobs and Albert Einstein researched deeply into da Vincis contributions beyond art, highlighting the breadth of his scientific, technological, and

20、 creative output. “Leonardo nearly understood almost all of what was known on the planet at the time. Thats mostly because of his curiosity about every area of natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir, by Thi Bui (2017)Gates calls this graphic

21、 novel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter of Vietnamese refugees who came to America after the fall of Saigon, and becoming a parent inspired her to look into her own parents miserable history. “I was struck by how the experiences Bui illustrates manage to be both universal and specific to the

22、ir circumstances,” said Gates.Lincoln in the Bardo, by George Saunders (2018)Saunders, a long-time short story writer, won high praise for this novel. The book imagines the ghosts that haunt (萦绕) the basement of Willie Lincoln, Abraham Lincolns son, who died at 11 in real life. “Willies death after

23、the Civil War made the president have a new understanding of the grief hes creating in other families by sending their sons off to die in battle,” said Gates.Origin Story: A Big History of Everything, by David Christian (2018)This new book is by the creator of Big History, a free, online social stud

24、ies course. It traces history in wide, sweeping movements, starting with the Big Bang, and it provides, in effect, a short course in modern science. This is a brief history of the universe. “David gets a little stuck on the current economic and political problems in the West, and I wish he talked mo

25、re about the role innovation will play in preventing the worst effects of climate change,” said Gates.1、Which books refer to the field of science?AOrigin Story and Leonardo da Vinci.BLincoln in the Bardo and Origin Story.CLeonardo da Vinci and The Best We Could Do.DThe Best We Could Do and Lincoln i

26、n the Bardo.2、If you are interested in thrillers, whose book will you most probably choose?AWalter Isaacson.BThi Bui.CGeorge Saunders.DDavid Christian.3、Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe Best We Could Do is an autobiography.BLincoln in the Bardo has been warmly received.CDavid Christian

27、 talks much about the part that innovation will play.DReaders can only read about Leonardo da Vincis contributions towards art.23（8分）Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefitsincluding making your brain sharper.Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as me

28、mory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by

29、 John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of

30、 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patie

31、nts showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didnt lose weight dropped even further.

32、The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that hes seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional wayeating healthier and getting more ac

33、tive. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.1、There is less research on overweight and cognitive functi

34、ons because researchers _.Abelieve overweight only affects our bodyBhave focused on ways to sharpen peoples mindCdo not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive abilityDare clear about the relation between weight and mental functions2、The result of Gunstads study shows that _.Alosing weigh

35、t has little effect on peoples memoryBlosing weight can improve peoples mental functionsCoverweight people are likely to have psychology problemsDoverweight peoples abilities of concentration differ greatly3、What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?ASlim people are smarter than overwei

36、ght people.BHealthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.CTraditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.DOverweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.4、Which of the following is the best title for the text?ABody Weight and HealthBLosing Weight by OperationCWays t

37、o Improve Mental FunctionsDLosing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind24（8分）The Secret to HappinessA new report makes it clear that when it comes to the life satisfaction of UK citizens, the ball is in the governments court. For some time, sensible people have been arguing that governments need to focus less

38、 on economic growth and more on the wellbeing（幸福）of citizens. Be careful what you wish for.In response to this demand, from 2011 David Cameron instructed the Office for National Statistics to gather data on peoples self-reported happiness and life satisfaction. Little practical good has come from th

39、is so far, but a new report by George Bangham for the Resolution Foundation is one of the best attempts to make useful sense of the data. He concludes: “The best prospects for policymakers targeting future increases in national wellbeing lie in raising job quality, raising incomes, particularly at t

40、he lower end, and policies to improve security in the housing market.”The age correlation（相关）turns out to be certainly linked to politics, despite the fact that no political party can make a difference to your date of birth. The happiness of pensioners is not just a function of their age, but of pol

41、icy. On average, 70-year-old boomers today are the most affluent retirees in history, often owning their own homes and in receipt of generous pensions. People of 70 are not going to be as content in 30 or 40 years time if they are unable to retire, dont own their homes and have small incomes.However

42、, there is one respect in which teens and recent retirees are remarkably similar. Compared to other age groups, they tend to inhabit a sweet spot of having high degrees of freedom. The typical 16-year-old has new freedoms without ever having had any serious responsibilities. The typical 70-year-old,

43、 having experienced a lifetime of work and family duties, has a very different kind of freedom, one born from relief.Besides，it should not surprise us to find that people tend to be happier when they have fewer worries. But this, too, has important political implications. If the government is really

44、 interested in raising overall national happiness, it has to make sure as many citizens as possible feel secure in their health, their housing and their incomes. Different states records in achieving this is one important reason why Nordic countries repeatedly score highly in international life sati

45、sfaction surveys and North America underperforms relative to its GDP.Whichever way you look at it, there is no escaping the conclusion that increasing wellbeing across society requires joined-up, long-term policy efforts. This is exactly what the Resolution Foundation recommends.1、What can be convey

46、ed from the sentence “the ball is in the governments court” in Paragraph 1?AThe government officials are fond of playing ball games.BThe government determines national happiness.CThe government makes citizens feel happy.DThe government is in a ball game.2、What does the underlined word “affluent” in

47、Paragraph 3 probably mean?AResponsible.BCareful.CHonest.DRich.3、According to the author, the secret to happiness is freedom and _.AincomeBhealthCsecurityDdestiny4、What is the authors attitude to the function of government on national happiness?ANegative.BPositive.CDoubtful.DUnsatisfactory.25（10分） Me

48、asles(麻疹) is only found in human beings. There is a highly effective and safe vaccine(疫苗) for the disease. So, in theory, measles could be destroyed.Yet the number of measles cases is on the rise.The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that, in the first three months of 2019, the number of cases

49、 is three times higher than it was last year. Africa alone has had a 700 percent increase compared to last year.The Democratic Republic of Congo reported 67,000 measles cases and 901 measles-related deaths in 2018. This year, WHO officials have noted more than 40,000 suspected measles cases in the c

50、ountry. That number includes 284 measles-related deaths in the first weeks of 2019. Between September 2018 and February 2019, Madagascar reported over 67,000 measles cases, including 828 deaths.Dr. Fauci, who directs the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease in the USA, said thatone i

51、n 10 children who get infected with measles will get an ear infection that could cause deafness. One in 20 would get pneumonia. One in a thousand would get brain swelling, and one to three per thousand would die. To say that measles is a slight disease is completely incorrect.Walter Orenstein is wit

52、h the Emory University Vaccine Center in Atlanta, Georgia. He has spent his life working to end measles. Orenstein says possible effects of the disease are worse in poor countries. In those countries children are already at greater risk. They may be malnourished(营养不良的). They may have damaged immune

53、systems. They may be underweight and may have no access to health care so measles is a big killer, he said.You have a 90 percent chance of getting measles if you have not been vaccinated and you come in contact with someone who has it. Dr. Rebecca Martin is the Director of the Center for Global Heal

54、th at theU.S. Centers for Disease Control. She is working to remove measles from Africa completely. It is very infectious. It will find nearly everybody who is not protected against measles, Martin said.Health experts advise patients to get two treatments of the measles vaccine. U.S. health official

55、s say educating parents about both the disease and the vaccine is an important step in stopping the spread. Equally important is making vaccination a top goal of health systems worldwide.1、The writer shows the sharp increase in measles cases by .Agiving examplesBlisting figuresCanalyzing causesDfoll

56、owing time order2、The following are the possible results of measles except .Aan ear infectionBpneumoniaCbrain swellingDbeing underweight3、What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?AYou are sure to get measles if you have not been vaccinated.BIt is safe to come in contact with someone who has me

57、asles.CParents should be educated about both the disease and the vaccine.DMaking vaccination a goal of health systems is only necessary in Africa.4、The purpose of the text is to .Ashow the serious situation of measlesBprove measles could be destroyedCdescribe the result of the research on measlesDwa

58、rn us of the causes of measles第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）I learned my first lesson at a meeting. As we sat around the table I heard Meg, who was 1 a recent operation, talking to Judith, the manager of our project. “Thank you so much for 2 my d

59、aughters to their dance lessons last week.” Judith said, “It was nothing.”Knowing how 3 Judiths schedule was, I found her driving Megs children to lessons unbelievably 4 . I was about to say more about this when Donna, another colleague, entered the room 5 . She apologized for being late, saying she

60、 just hosted a lunch for her friends who were over seventy. “That is so nice of you,” I said, 6 how busy she was, how she didnt like to cook and clean. “Oh,” she said, waving her hand, “It was nothing.” 7 , I could still tell the 8 in her voice. She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertai