英语基本句型归纳

1、英语句型概括1.bedoing/beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing/haddone,when（when：，一个作的忽然生）Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.2.Itwas(not)+段+before+一般去“了一段就”Itwill(not)be+段+before+一般在“要一段才会”I

2、tis/hasbeen+段+sinceItwas+点+whenItwas+状+that（句）1)Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意到他境危。（作已生）2)Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.有半年你才从个学校。（作未生）3)Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.（since从句中的若是延性，要从个作束的候算起）4)Itwas3oclockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5)Itwasat3ocl

3、ockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.once一旦，表示和条件Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.the+比，the+比“越越”Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.whetheror无是是Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.Anyperson,whethe

4、ryoungorold,hashisownworth.6.祈使句+or/otherwise+果句或祈使句+and+果句Stopdoingsuchafoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.7.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短引状从句，表示“每当，每次，下次，第一次，任何候”。1)Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,dondictionary.talwaysr

5、efertoyourNexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.8.Thereis(no)needtodoThereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoingThereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doingIsthereanychanceofourwinningthematch?Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.9.it句：基本组成形式：I

6、tis/was+被部分+who/that+原句节余部分1)Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.2)ItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.（是我，不是人）3)ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.（是在大街上，不是在的地方，的是地址，但不用where）4)ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet.（是昨天下午，不是在的候，的是，但不用when)10.not.until直到才1)Thevillag

7、ersdidntrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas.（句）Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.（倒装句）11.notonlybut(also)引并列构：作主，与近的一个主保持一致。Notonlytheteacher

8、butalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly.notonly.but(also)引并列句，notonly引的部分置于句首要部分倒装。Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard,butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.12.wouldrather+从句（从句要用虚气，即从句顶用一般去式，表示在或未来的梦想；从句

9、顶用去达成市，表示去的梦想）Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想你在就把信寄出去。IdratherIhadntseenryestherday.我宁愿昨天没到她。13.so,neither/nor引得倒装表示“另一者也这样”及前者的状况也合用于后者，用so,neither/nor引的倒装句，助的依照前一句的。1)Hehasfinishedhishomework,sohaveI.2)Mysisterpreferscoffee,sodoI.3)Johncantrideabicycle,neither/norcanI.若前句的既有一定又有否认形式，或不属于一，用I

10、tis/wasthesamewithsb.或Soitis/waswithsb.1)Heisaworkerandheworkshard,soitiswithJohn.若后一句是前一句所的内容表示同或可，主和不倒装。1)Itiscoldtoday.Yes.Soitis2)HevisitedTokyolastweek.Yes.Sohedid.14.倍数表达法：A+倍数+the+n.(size/height/length)+ofBA+倍数+as+abj.+asBA+倍数+adj.比+thanBA+adj.比+thanB+by+倍数Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone.Th

11、issquareistwiceaslargeasthatone.Thissquareisoncelargerthanthatone.Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago.Heis3yearsolderthanI.HeisolderthanIby3years.15.as/with表示“随展”，as后边接句子，with后边接短。Withtheindustrydeveloping,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Astheindustrydevelops,thepollu

12、tionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.with的复合构(作状或作定)with+n.+adj.(with能够省略)1)(With)thestreetwetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,(with)theireyeswideopen.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,andtheireyeswerewideopen.with+n.+adv.(with能够省略)1)Heputonhiscoa

13、thurriedly,(with)thewrongsideout.with+n.+prep-phrase(with能够省略)1)Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa,(with)apipeinhismouth.with+n.+todo/tobedone(不定式的作未行)with+n.+done(不定式的作已达成或指n.所的状)with+n.+doing/beingdone(不定式的作正内行)Withsomanyproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardyear.Hewaslyinginbed,withhise

14、yesfixedontheceiling.3)Withthetemplebeingrepaired,wecantvisitedit.17.以here,there,in,out,up,down,away等副开的倒装句内行的作)。1)Herecomesthebus!(=Thebusiscominghere!)2)Awayhewent.他走了。(若主是代主与不倒装)(多用一般在表示正方向状位于句首的倒装句。Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.Underthetreesataboy,withabookinhishand.19.拥有否认意的副或短位于句首句子要部分倒装。

15、常用的有：little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,nosooner,innotime,bynomeans,innocase等。Hardlyhadwegothomewhenitbegantorain.20.themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,ondoing表示“一就”1)Onarriving(hisarrival)attheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.2)HaveyougiveJohnthebook?Yes,themomentIsawhim.while/but：while重视

16、二者之间的对照，but多指一件事的两个对峙面。1)HelikeslisteningtomusicwhileIlikewatchingTV.2)Ibadlywantedthatbook,butIhaventenoughmoney.onlytodo作结果状语，多用来表示出乎意外、结局令人丧气的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find,learn,tobetold,tobecaught等。Hisfatherdisappeared,nevertobeheardfromagain.Hehurriedtohisoffice,onlytobetoldthathewasdismissed.only+状语的构造放

17、在句首，主句要部分倒装。1)Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway,couldIlearnEnglishwell.2)Ireceivedmymotherscallat11a.m.,onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday.24.taste,smell,look,sound,feel等感官动词作为系动词后边要接adj.作表语。Appleofthiskindtastesverynice.Smellingnice,thiskindofbreadsellswell.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某

18、种特点，常用的词有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。Hislatestworksellswell.Drywoodburnseasily.否认词与比较级连用，表达最高等的含义。Ihaveneverseenabetterfilm.Icantagreeyoumore.我特别赞同。27.It的句型不定式作主语，it作形式主语：It+系动词+adj./n.+forsb.todo(forsb.表示动词不定式动作的履行者)It+系动词+adj.+ofsb.todo(ofsb.既表示动词不定式动作的履行者又表示人所具备的性质或特点)Itsimportantforustohaveagoodkno

19、wledgeofEnglish.Itsthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语：主+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todoIfeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.Itissaid/thought/hoped/believedthatSb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo1)Itiss

20、aidthatheisstudyingabroad.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.2)ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworld.=ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldItistimetodo/Itistimethat+主+的一般去式，表示是做.的候了。1)Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.speacespeace.虚气中的要点句型If+were/did(去式)，

21、主+情(would,could,might,should)+do(用来表示在状况的假)Idonthaveacellphone.IfIhadone,itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers.If+haddone(去达成式)，主+情(would,could,might,should)+havedone(用来表示去状况的假)IfIhadgonetotheconcert,Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.If+were/did(去式)/weretodo/shoulddo，主+情(would,could,might,should)+do(

22、用来表示未来状况的假)IfIwerenottotake/shouldtake/tooktheexamtomorrow,Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou.虚气条件句的倒装：在虚气条件句中，假如出助were,should,had，可省略if,把些提到主前面，成倒装句。Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.(Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,Werehetoactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.(Ifheweretoactlikethatagain,*Ifheactedlikethatagain,不

23、能够倒(装)Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.(Ifthedoctorhadcomeintimelastnight,)IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothefilmwithyou.(不能够倒装，因句中的had不是助)Butfor-Ifitwerenotfor/IfithadntbeenforButforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldnthavebeensaved.(Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcapta

24、in,allthepassengersonboard)Butforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaneasylife.(Ifitwerenotforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaneasylife.在suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表示建、要求、命令、主的引的名性从句中，从句的要用(should)do的形式。MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedbefore9oclock.比：Heinsisted

25、thatIhadtakenawayhisdictionary.(不是建、要求、命令或主)HissuggestionthatTony(should)beinvitedtothepartywasrefused.(同位从句比：Hiswordssuggestedthathewasveryangrywithme.(不是建、要求、命令或主)asif/asthough表示(与事相反，用虚；若表示马上成事或有可能成事，用述气)Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadhappened.Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theyt

26、alkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主+，只管可是，引步状从句Childasheis,hehasalreadyknownwhatcareerhewantstofollow.Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreewithhisidea.31.ratherthanItisbettertoaskforhelpatth

27、ebeginningratherthantowaituntilabusyperiodwheneveryoneisrushedofftheirfeet.Itisthebosswhoistoblameratherthantheworkers.疑+ever=nomatter+疑，引步状从句或名性从句Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.(步状从句Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike.(名性从句)Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewelcome.(步状从句)Whatever

28、happens,Iwillsupportyou.(步状从句)Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.(步状从句)Whoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished.(名性从句)Howevergreatthedifficultyis,wecanovercomeit.(步状从句)33.if/aslongas/solongas/providingthat/providedthat/supposingthat/onconditionthat若是Iwilllendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitwithin3months.34.giventhat/consideringthat考到，于Givenherinterestinchildren/Given