英语国家概况考试题型及复习范围

1、.英语国家概况学期考试题型及复习范围考试题型：General Knowledge (40题, 20%) Match (10个，10%) Fill in the blanks (10题，10%) Explain the terms 10个, 30% Answer the questions (6个，30%)复习范围：I. General Knowledge (40题, 20%) 1. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXC

2、EPT CA. the Anglos. B. the Celts.C. the Jutes. D. the Saxons.2. The Prime Minister in Britain is head of DA. the Shadow Cabinet. B. the Parliament.C. the Opposition. D. the Cabinet. 3. is the state church in England. DA. The Roman Catholic Church B. The Baptist C. The Protestant D. The Church of Eng

3、landThe capital of Scotland is BA. Glasgow. B. Edinburgh.C. Manchester. D. London.5. Which of the following is NOT a British news agency BA. Reuters. B. The Associated Press. C. The Press Association Ltd. D. United Press, Ltd.6. Big Ben was named after BA. Christopher Wren. B. Benjamin Hall. C. Ben

4、John. D. G. Stephenson.7. Education in U.K. is pulsory for all between ages of AA. 5 and 16. B. 8 and 17. C. 6 and 15. D. 7 and 19.8. The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the century. CA. 7th B. 6th C. 5th D. 4th9. Between 1337 and 1453, the took place in Britain. CA. War of Roses B. Black

5、 Death C. Hundred Years War D. Peasant Uprising10. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT D A. The British constitution includes the Magna Carta of 1215.B. The British constitution includes Parliamentary acts.C. The British constitution includes decisions made by courts of law.D. The British

6、 constitution includes one single written constitution.11. The United Kingdom is also known by its official name DA. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and England. B. the United Kingdom of Great Britain. C. the United Kingdom of British Isles. D. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ir

7、eland.12. Which of the following is the highest rank among the titles of English nobility A A. Duke. B. Viscount. C. Earl. D. Baron.13. is recognized as the longest river in Britain. CA. The ThamesRiver B. The C. The Severn River D. The Rhine14. The northernmost part of Great Britain is B A. Norther

8、n Ireland. B. Scotland. C. England. D. Wales.15. In Britain, has the ultimate authority of legislation. BA. the Queen B. the House of mons C. the House of Lords D. the Prime Minister16. It is known that Irish landscape is featured by AA. bogs. B. mountains. C. grassland. D. rivers.17. Which of the f

9、ollowing cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia C A. Perth. B. Adelaide. C. Sydney. D. Melbourne.18. The original inhabitants of Australia were CA. the Red Indians. B. the Eskimos.C. the Aborigines. D. the Maoris.19. Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British se

10、ttlers AA. The Aborigines. B. The Maori.C. The Indians. D. The Eskimos.20. When did the Australian Federation officially e into being DA. 1770. B. 1788.C. 1900. D. 1901.21. It is generally agreed that were the first Europeans to reach Australias shores. D A. the French B. the Germans C. the British

11、D. the Dutch 22. The capital of New Zealand is CA. Christchurch. B. Auckland.C. Wellington. D. Hamilton.The Head of State of New Zealand is D注明：新西兰以前是英国的殖民地，政治体系源于英国，其国家元首是英国君主，答案应为：D，之前错打成B，特此更正！ A. the governor- general.B. the Prime Minister.C. the high missioner.D. the monarch of the United Kingd

12、om.24. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is D A. the President. B. the Governor- General. C. the British monarch. D. the Prime Minister.25. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President A. Thomas Jefferson. A B. George Washington. C. Thomas Paine. D. Joh

13、n Adams.26. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in A. the Federal Government. B. the Supreme Court. C. the Cabinet. D. the Congress. D27. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the slavery plantation system in the South of the U.S. was issued by AA. Abraham L

14、incoln. B. Thomas Paine.C. George Washington. D. Thomas Jefferson.28. The President during the American Civil War was BA. Andrew Jackson. B. Abraham Lincoln.C. Thomas Jefferson. D. George Washington.29. The following are the founding fathers of the American Republic EXCEPT CA. George Washington. B.

15、Benjamin Franklin. C. Willian Penn. D. Thomas Jefferson.30. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States A A. Baseball. B. Tennis. C. Basketball. D. American football.31. U.S. presidents normally serve a (n) term. B A. two-year B. four-year C. six-year D. eight-year32. Which of th

16、e following cities is NOT located in the Northeast U.S. AA. Huston. B. Boston. C. Baltimore. D. Philadelphia.33. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of DA. culture revival. B. loss of purpose. C. development in science and technology. D. material success and spiritual frust

17、ration.34. The largest river in America is CA. the Ohio River. B. the Columbia. C. the Mississippi River. D. the Colorado.35. In the year of that Columbus discovered the New World. AA. 1492 B. 1592 C. 1591 D. 149136. The first English permanent settlement in America was founded in 1607 in D A. New M

18、exico. B. Hawaii. C. California. D. Virginia.37. On which of the following streets is the financial centre of the U.S. located CA. Fleet Street. B. Downing Street. C. Wall Street. D. Burke Street.38. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The mon Sense, before the American Revolution B A. Thomas Jefferson.

19、B. Thomas Paine. C. John Adams. D. Benjamin Franklin.39. The U.S. government falls into three branches: the legislative, and the judicial. CA. the representative B. the democratic C. the executive D. the independent40. The state of California is on CA. Caribbean Sea. B. the Gulf of Mexico. C. the Pa

20、cificCoast D. the AtlanticCoast41. HarvardUniversityA. 1366. B. 1633. C. 1636. D. 1363.42. Which country is known as the Land of A. Canada. B. New Zealand. C. Great Britain. D. The United States of America.43. The most important economic activity in Canada is DA. mining. B. fishing. C. farming. D. m

21、anufacturing.44. Canada occupies about of the North American continent. AA. 1/2 B. 1/3 C45. The first city ever founded in Canada is A A. Quebec. B. Vancouver. C. Toronto. D. Montreal.46. The largest city in Canada is C A. Vancouver. B. Montreal. C. Toronto. D. Ottawa.47. The Head of State of Canada

22、 is represented by DA. the Monarch.B. the President.C. the Prime Minister.D. the Governor-general.48. is the capital city of Canada. BA. Vancouver B. OttawaC. Montreal D. York49. What are the most important natural resources in Canada C A. Forest resources. B. Mineral resources. C. Water resources.

23、D. Agricultural resources.50. The deepest lake in Canada is C A. Lake Superior. B. Great Bear Lake C. Great Slave Lake. D. LakeOntario英国 以下这些在单元后面练习的第二大题中，i.e. Choose the answer that best pletes the statement or answers the questionP16 5、8P32 4、5、6、7、10P46 2、5、8P65 1、4、6、11、12P82 1、4、5、6、7、10P116 3、

24、4、6P129 1、3、5、6、10P145 1、2、7、8、9P163 2、5、9、12 共38题爱尔兰P183 2、4、7、10P203 1、2、4、9P223 2、4、6、8P241 2、7、9 共15题澳大利亚P254 2、5、8P271 2、3、5、9P284 3、4P296 5、7、8P314 1、4、6、8P334 8、10 共18题新西兰P14 2、3、6、7、8P29 1、5、6、8 共9题美国P48 2、3、5、8、10P61 4、5、6、7、8、10P78 3、4、6、7、10P94 7P115 2、9、15P130 5、8、9、10P147 1、2、4、6、7、10、1

25、1P166 8P184 1、3、8、9、10、11P200 3、4P218 5、8、10、11、12P233 2、3、7、8、9、10P252 4、5、6、8、9、10P278 1、12、13、20无答案，放弃！ 共61题加拿大P294 3、5、7P309 1、3、4、5P322 1、2、4、7P335 1、3、6、7、8 共16题以上共207题。(The meaning of G7,G8, G20 can be seen Note No.1, p78, Book One)II. Match (10个，10%) U.K.:1. D HLawrence: Sons and Lovers p.95

26、2. George Orwell: 1984 p.95 3. William Golding: Lord of the Flies p.964. Doris Lessing: The Grass is Singing; The Golden Notebook; Alfred and Emily p.965. Salman Rushdie: Midnights Children; The Satanic Verses; The Enchantress of Florence p.966. Kazuo Ishiguro: The Remains of the Day; When We Were O

27、rphans; Nocturnes p.97Ireland: There are four winners of the Nobel Prize for literature.Jonathan Swift: Gullivers Travels p.230Oscar Wilde: The Soul of Man Under Socialism; The Picture of Dorian Gray p.230James Joyce: The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man p.230Samuel Becket: Waiting for Godot p.

28、230 Australia:Patrick White: The Aunts Story; The Tree of Man; Voss; The Solid Mandela p.263Ruth Park: The Harp in the South; Poor Mans Orange and Missus; The Muddle-Headed Wombats series p.263Christos Tsiolkas: Dead Europe; The Slap p.264Alice Pung: Unpolished GemThomas Keneally: Schindlers Ark辛德勒

29、p.263, 265 America:1. F Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby p.1042. ONeill: Desire Under the Elms; Mourning Bees Electra; The Iceman eth; Long Days Journey into Night p.1053. Ralph Ellison: Invisible Man p.1064. James Baldwin:Go Tell It on the Mountain; The Fire Next Time p.1065. Alan Ginsberg: Howl

30、p.1066. J D Salinger: The Catcher p.1077. NScott Momaday: House Made of Dawn; The Way to RainyMountain8. Toni Morrison: The Bluest Eye; Song of Solomon; Beloved p.1089. Maxine Hong Kingston: The Woman Warrior; China Men p.10810. Amy Tan: The Joy Luck Club p.108Canada:1. William Kirby: The Golden Dog

31、 p.3402. Lucy Maud Montgomery: Anne of Green Gables3. Margaret Laurence: The Diviners; A Jest of God (上帝的玩笑) p.3424. Alice Munro: Something Ive Been Meaning to Tell You; Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage p. 3425. Michael Ondaatje: English Patient p.3436. Wayson Choy：The Jade Peony;

32、 A Chinatown Childhood; All That Matters p.3437. Margaret Atwood: Oryx and Crake; The Year of the Flood p.344以上共32位作家。熟悉这些作家及他们的作品。III. Fill in the blanks (10题，10%) 英国4题：p17(4), p34(9), p48(11), p67(7)爱尔兰3题：p185(10), p204(5), p224(8)澳大利亚3题：p255(5), p284(3), p297(4)新西兰2题：p15(5), p29(2)美国4题：p62(12), p

33、79(4), p94(9), p131(3)加拿大4题：p295(1), p310(7), p323(10), p336(8)以上共20题。以上的句子按照页数在单元后面练习的第三大题中。IV. Explain the terms 10个, 30%U.K.1.The Anglo-Saxons p.3382.Sinn Fein p.3393.The Good Friday Agreement p.3404.The Constitution p.3415.The functions of Parliament p.3416.Main sectors of the UK economy p.3457.

34、Modernism p.3488.The monwealth p.3529.Wimbledon p.355Ireland10.Saint Patrick p.35711.Checks and balances p.35912.The Irish Parliament p.35913.The law of primogeniture p.36114.The oral culture of Ireland p.363Australia15.Terra Nullius p.36516.Difference between the Dreaming and Protestantism p.36717.

35、Wakefield Scheme p.36918.The “Washminster form of polity p.37019.APEC p.37220. The White Australia Policy p.374New Zealand21. The kiwi p.36522. Maoritanga p.36523. The New Zealand Parliament p.367The Ombudsman p.367Americathe first English settlement in North America p.368The Articles of Confederati

36、on p.370Agribusiness p.373Three Faiths in the US p.374The abuse of power by government (impeach) p.383The USA as a kaleidoscope p.385NBA p.392Canada32.The Canadian identity p.395Structures of government p.397The Canadian Mosaic p.398Three factors that influence Canadian economy p.400Canada-US relati

37、ons p.405以上共36个。以上这些名词解释在两册书后面的参考答案中。V. Answer the questions (6个，30%)Question 1: Are there any differences between England, Scotland and Wales in terms of cultural tradition (p.18 6)E1) Of the four nations, the English feel most British, and therefore have the weakest sense of themselves as a separa

38、te “English culture within Britain. 2) Gardening is one of the most popular pastimes in England, which is regarded as typically English pursuits. And the back garden provides a place where peoples outdoor life at home can go on out of the public gaze. This may contrast with people from other countri

39、es whose outdoor life might be more socialsitting on the front porch watching passers-by.S1) The division between highland and lowland Scotland remains a cultural divide today, in much the same way as north and south England see themselves as different from each other. There are even areas in the hi

40、ghlands where in addition to English) people speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic.2) Scottish highland clan culture was effectively destroyed in 1745, and today many of Scottish descent e back to find their “roots,forming a good target for the sellers to sell tartan souvenirs.3) Scotland ha

41、s a great tradition of innovation in the arts, philosophy, and science. The inventor of the telephone was a Scot, and the first man to transmit a television picture was another. W1) It remains its own language, Welsh. This is a Celtic tongue pletely different from English, spoken by 19% of the popul

42、ation, a much higher proportion of the population than speak Gaelic in Scotland. Again, all those Welsh-speakers are also fluent in English.2) A series of great stone castles stand today as one of Wales greatest tourist attractions. And tourism is now an important industry.3) Glyndwr and Llywelyn ar

43、e more than simple historical figures for the Welsh. Theyare almost legendary heroes of Welsh nationalism.Question 2: Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom What is the political problem (1) In the authors opinion, Northern Ireland is significant in th

44、e United Kingdom because of its longexisting political troubles, which rooted in the British colonial expansionand its policy of division and rule. The political troubles of Northern Ireland are also called Ulster disputes, which are always one of the most intractable problems to the governments of

45、UK since the First World War. The troubles of Northern Ireland are main problems of (2) The political troubles of Northern Ireland are the attribution problems of Northern Irish aredescendants of Celtic; they live in Ireland from generation to generation. However, in the middle of 12thcentury, the B

46、ritish began to invade Ireland, which made Irelandthe first British colony. Irish had always been fighting against Britain. In 1921, faced with conflicting demands, British government chose a promise and organized a partition of Ireland. The southern 26 counties would form a “free state, while the 6

47、 north-eastern counties would remain a part of the UK. The political troubles, thus, existed from then on. Looking upon the troubles of Northern Ireland, 60% of Irish, who are descendants of British immigrants and believe in Protestant Christian, claim to remain in the UK, while 40% of Irish, who ar

48、e indigenous descendants of the Ireland and believe in Catholic, insist on returning of Ireland. Because the Unity party and the Sinn Fein party maintain different propositions on the ownership of Northern Ireland, disputes and violent conflicts often occur there, which makes the situation in the re

49、gion long-term instable. These are the political problems in Question 3:What are some of the characteristics of the British constitutionalmonarchy (p.48 1)The queen is in the position manding but not administering. Queens most important job is to represent Britain at home and abroad; her second most

50、 important job is to set standards of good citizenship and family life.The monarchy is primarily symbolized the traditional and unity of the British state.Parliament bees the country authority centre and it is supreme in the British state. It has the power to change the terms of constitution.Parliam

51、ent consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of mons.The official head of the state is the Queen. Her powers are largely traditional and symbolic. The government at national and local levels is elected by the people and governs according to British constitutional principles.Question 4

52、:Why do the Irish have contradictory and even paradoxical attitudes to the English (p.225 2)The reasons are as follows:The English political domination of Ireland has left the Republic with a secure and workable administrative, educational, and judicial system. It also ensures that most Irish people

53、 speak English. Besides, most family in Ireland has some relations with the English.The Irish are proud they do not have a monarchy, but they still have interest in English royal house. They think of themselves as citizens, not as subjects.The Irish seek to define their culture in opposition to that

54、 of Great Britain.The decline of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.The English influence them a lot, thus, Ireland is still growing up in terms of defining its identity.Question 5: What are some of the distinct features of New Zealands geography Find out similarities and differences in term

55、s of geography between New Zealand and Australia (p.16 1 )Features: New Zealand, located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, is a large, long group of islands, 1 600 km from north to south. Like Australia, its also isolated from other landmasses for hundreds of millions of years. Its near to the southea

56、st of Australia, about 2 000 km away. The long group of islands is made of two main landmasses, the NorthIsland and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. The third large island, Stewart Island, is south of the South Island, and there are many smaller islands, including uninhabited isolated isl

57、ands hundreds of kilometers offshore. The land area of New Zealand is 270 500 square km, similar in size to Japan or the British Isles. A huge diversity of physical geography has produced a wide variation in landscape. The NorthIsland has been mostly formed by volcanoes. Chains of mountains run nort

58、heast to southwest, parallel to the coast. A massive mountain chain, the Southern Alps, runs almost the full length of the South Island. The highest Mt.CookSimilarities:1) Both of the two islands are located between the Equator and the South Pole.2) Both of them are made up of a group islands.3) The

59、 two both have various landscapes, like big mountains which extend from the north to the south.4) The islands have been isolated from other landmasses for a very long time, so both of them have very unique animals and plants (flora and fauna). Differences:New Zealand is mainly made up of two islands

60、, the North Island and the South Island, while Australia is a whole big continent. The landscapes are different, too. The latter has a wide area of desert in the west but the former doesnt. The climate is also different. In New Zealand, the climate is maritime, and slow-to-change sea temperatures pr