牛津译林版高中英语选修六n高二(上)模块六unit1grammarandusage课件

1、高中英语课件（madeofdingshangtuwen）高中英语课件（madeofdingshangtuwen）英语教学课件高二（上）英语教学课件高二（上）Unit 1Laughter is good for you Grammar and usageUnit 1Laughter is good for yoTo overview non-finite verbsTo master non-finite verbs used as the subject, the attributive, and the object complementTo learn the differences am

2、ong to- infinitive, verb-ing and verb-edObjectivesTo overview non-finite verbsObOverview非谓语动词过去分词不定式-ing 形式动名词现在分词Overview非谓语动词过去分词不定式-ing 形式动名词Read and thinkRead the points on Page 8, and think: Whats the difference when to infinitive and verb-ing used as the subject?2. How to judge which non-finit

3、e verbs to be used when they are used as the attributive?3. Tell the differences when they are used as object complement.Read and thinkRead the points Infinitive, verb-ing, verb-ed 1. 不定式作主语VS -ing形式作主语； 2. 不定式作定语VS -ing形式作定语VS过去分词作定语； 3. 不定式作宾语补足语VS -ing形式作宾语补足语VS过去分词作宾语补足语；NotesInfinitive, verb-in

4、g, verb-ed 不定式作主语与-ing形式作主语区别： -ing形式作主语时往往表示一般性 的、习惯性的动作；而不定式作主语则表示在具体情况下特定的或一次性的动作。但有时可以通用。eg. Lying is wrong. (泛指lying的做法或作风) To lie is wrong. (说谎者是谁，说话人心中有所指)不定式作主语与-ing形式作主语区别： -ing形式作主语时2. 不定式和-ing形式作主语时都有两 种形式：(1)放在主语位置 To see is to believe. Saying is easier than doing.(2)It作形式主语；在现代英语中，不定 式作

5、主语时更倾向于用it作形式主 语；但在-ing形式作主语时，it作形 式主语通常是用于某些形容词或者 名词后面。如：2. 不定式和-ing形式作主语时都有两 -ing形式做真正主语用于：Its interesting/tiring/boring/nice/ terrible/better/foolish/enjoyable/worth-while/useless/dangerous doing sth.Its no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth.不定式做真正主语用于：Its important/necessary/possible/ essenti

6、alto do sth.Its a pity/a pleasure to do sth.-ing形式做真正主语用于：不定式做真正主语用于：3.-ing形式和不定式作主语时习惯用法：(1)主语与表语一致，即当表语是-ing形式时，主语也要用-ing形式；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式。eg. Teaching is learning. To teach is to learn.(2)在“There be +no”这种结构中，通常用-ing形式作主语。 eg. There is no telling what will happen.3.-ing形式和不定式作主语时习惯用法：非谓语动词作定语：

7、(1)不定式作定语要放在它所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，即不定式的动作发生在谓语之后。也可用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有要”或修饰“the+序数词”。不定式作定语，被修饰的词是不定式动作发生的时间、地点、工具或对象时，要加上适当的介词。非谓语动词作定语：When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to send B. for sending itC. to send it to D. for sending it to解析：答案C。the perso

8、n是send it的对象可理解为to send it to the person。When I handed the report to Jo2. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to choose. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing解析：答案选B。是“有五双可选择”即“从这五双中选择一双”而不是“选择五双”。2. There are five pairs _3. Then there are always people to _ if yo

9、u fell like a chat. A. talk to B. talk C. speak about D. speak解析：答案选A。people是talk的对象，即talk to people。3. Then there are always peopl(2)-ing形式作定语时与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该名词的特点、性质等。作前置定语的-ing形式前面可有状语修饰，即转化为形容词，状语多用very, rather等加强词，如：This is a rather boring film.有时候也可换成定语从句：eg. Barking dogs seldom bit. =Do

10、gs which barks seldom bit.(2)-ing形式作定语时与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt【分析】答案选B。“发出香味”与“吸引游客”是同时发生的，排除表示将来的不定式，即A和D；又因为the flowers与smell (发出味)是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语作定语。The flowers _ sweet i

11、n the The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hung B. hangingC. hangs D. being hung【分析】答案选B。hang作“某物悬挂 / 吊在某处”解，是不及物动词，the picture与hang是主动关系，用hanging 作定语。 The picture _ on the wall iThe lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollar

12、s to remainC. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars【分析】答案选D。remain 是不及物动词，其过去分词无被动含义，用remaining (剩下的)作定语，修饰20 dollars。remaining 20 dollars =20 dollars left。The lady said she would buy a (3)过去分词作定语：及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示该动作已完成，不表示被动意义。单个过去分词作定语时大都放在被修饰的词语之前，过去分词短语作定语时一般放在

13、被修饰的词语之后 。过去分词作定语，意义上接近一个定语从句。(3)过去分词作定语：及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示一个被动The glass _ by my son has been swept away. breaks B. brokeC. broken D. being broken解析：正确答案为C。the glass和break构成了被动关系，所以需要用过去分词来表示。此处也可以改成定语从句：The glass which was broken by my son has been swept away. The glass _ by my son has bLinda worked f

14、or the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _as 3M.A. knowing B. knownC. being known D. to be known解析：答案选B。因为thecompany与know是被动关系，所以用过去分词短语作定语，known as 3M = which was known as 3M。Linda worked for the Minnesota非谓语动词作宾语补足语：在作宾语补足语时，不定式指将来发生的动作；-ing形式指正在进行的动作；过去分词形式所表示的动作则带有被动意味。一些习惯用法：(1)在感官动词(

15、feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带 to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式后用作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。非谓语动词作宾语补足语：在作宾语补足语时，不定式指将来发生的Eg.They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood.They knew her very well. She had been seen to grow up from childhood.The boss ma

16、de my grandfather work 10 hours a day.My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day. Eg.(2)在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式，即用于 vt. + sb/ sth + to do sth 的形式：advise, allow, ask, bear, beg, get cause, command, encourage, force expect, forbid, hate, intend, inviteleave, mean, need, oblige, orderpermit, pe

17、rsuade, remind, teachtell, trouble, warn, wish(2)在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式，即用于(3)感觉动词(see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel, find, catch, look at, listen to等)后接-ing形式作宾补表示动作正在发生；接省略to的不定式时，表示动作的全过程。如： He saw someone knocking the window. 他看见有人正敲窗子。He saw someone knock the window.他看见有人敲窗子了。(3)感觉动词(see

18、, hear, watch, obse(4)过去分词作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主谓关系。主要用于：A.表示感觉或心理状态的动词(如see, watch, find, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等) + sb/sth + V-ed结构中。eg. He found his hometown greatly changed. (4)过去分词作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语B.表示“致使”意义的动词后。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。eg.

19、 I had my bike repaired yesterday.C. “with +宾语+过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。eg. With the matter settled, we all went home.B.表示“致使”意义的动词后。如:have, make, gSoon they saw the boy _ in the crowd.A. disappear B. to disappearC. disappears D. disappeared解析：正确答案为A。感官动词see后加省略to的不定式作宾语

20、补足语。同时，the boy和disappear是主谓关系，disappear是短暂动词，不用于进行时态，故选择A。Soon they saw the boy _ inJohn received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. finished B. finishingC. Having finished D. was finished解析：正确答案为A。the work和finish构成了被动关系。finished作了with的宾语补足语。John received an invitat

21、ion toAt any rate, I did not succeed in making myself _ . understand B. understoodC. understanding D. to understand解析：正确答案为B。使役动词make + sb + 过去分词，意为：使某人被怎么样。这里指让别人理解我，即我被别人理解。At any rate, I did not succeedReflection timeIn this class, weve overviewed non-finite verbs. Now can you tell some differenc

22、es when they are used as the subject, the attributive, and the object complement in a sentence?Reflection timeIn this class, 1. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. formC. forming D. having formedI: Mul

23、tiple choice. 1. Reading is an experience q2. After she realized the height, she got a tall box _. A. to stand B. to stand on C. standing on D. to stand up3. The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. bei

24、ng completed 2. After she realized the heig4. Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given 5. The thief took away the womans wallet without _. A. being seen B. seein

25、g C. him seeing D. seeing him4. Five people won the “China6. He is very busy _ his papers. He is far too busy _ callers. A. to write; to receive B. writing; to receive C. writing; receiving D. to write; for receiving7. The repairs cost a lot, but its money well _. A. to spend B. spent C. being spent

26、 D. spending 6. He is very busy _ his pap8. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he9. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable _. A. sitting on B. to sit on C. to be seat D. to be sat on8. Is _ necessary to comple10. The food _ at

27、 the moment is for the dinner party. A. cooked B. to be cooked C. is being cooked D. being cooked11. _ all over the hill and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds. A. To grow B. Growing C. Grown D. Grow10. The food _ at the mom12. I could feel the wind _on my face from an open window.

28、A. to blow B. blowing C. to be blowing D. blown 13. What terrible weather! I simply cant get the car _. Why not try _ the engine with some hot water? A. starting; filling B. start; filling C. started; to fill D. to start; fill 12. I could feel the wind _14. Nobody enjoys having a tooth _. A. drill (钻)and fill B. drilling and filling C. to drill and fill D. drilled and filled15. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday. A. know