名词性从句考点 精讲精练 讲义-2023届高考英语一轮复习

1、名词tw句考点精讲概名词性从句是高考英语语法填空题和短文改错题的重要考点，也是很多考生 的失分点。究其原因，还是因为大家有时分不清从句的类型，无法正确选用连 接词。名词性从句的判定方法在一篇语篇型语法填空中，假设空格所在句子含有两套主谓结构，这说明命题 人是在考查从句。此时，考生首先需要使用括号划出从句。划括号时要从空格 前面开始(因为空格要填引导从句的连词)划出整个从句。具体方法是：如果 空格在最前面，那么括号划到第二处谓语动词前；如果空格在句中，那么括号通常 划到句末。然后考生可以根据划出的从句在整个句子中所处的位置和所作的成 分判断是哪一种从句。那么，名词性从句在语篇中如何判断呢？下面分

2、别举例 说明(括号已经划出)。【典例 11 I truly believe (beauty comes from within).解析：从句在谓语动词believe后，所以考查的是宾语从句。从句中不缺少 任何成分，只陈述了一个事实，因此应用that引导。【典例 2 Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for(Doris Lessing had achieved in literature).解析：从句在介词for后，所以考查的是宾语从句。从句中谓语动词had achieved缺少宾语，所以应用what引导从句并在从句中作宾语。【典例

3、3】A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not (ships are built for).解析：从句在系动词is后，所以考查的是表语从句。表语从句中的介词for 后缺少宾语，故应用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。【典例 4 The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.thato此处是that引导的同位语从句，用来解释说明a promise的具体 内容，同时从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用that

4、引导。thato分析句子结构和成分可知，the meeting would be postponed是notice的同位语从句，解释说明notice的具体内容，从句不缺少 成分，所以用that引导。whichevero动词choose后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示在一定 范围内选择某一个用whichever,不能用whatever。wheno was后接表语从句，从句中主干齐全，根据句子意思可知，此处 表示时间，故填when。whato分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，后面是主语从句。主语从句 中缺少主语，故用what引导。whyo第二个句子是一般疑问句，还原为陈述句后可以发现is后面接表

5、 语从句，从句中主干齐全，根据对话的语境可知此处表示原因，故填why。解析：从句在名词suggestion后，名词后考查的可能是定语从句，也可能 是同位语从句。根据句意可知，后面的从句是对suggestion的解释说明，而不 是修饰限制，故为同位语从句。而且从句成分和意思都是完整的，故用that引 导。that不作成分，只起连接作用。51(we understand things) has a lot to do with what we feel. 解析：从句在句首，且位于第二处谓语动词has前，所以考查的是主语从句。从句中主干齐全，根据句意可知，主语从句中缺少方式状语，因此填how。名词性

6、从句连接词的选用利用加括号的方法判断出从句为名词性从句后，可以依据“从句中缺什么成 分补什么成分”的原那么选用连接词。.使用连接代词。当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，使用连接代词。常用的有what, who (m) , whoever, which, whose等。what根据不同语境和所表示的意 思可以灵活翻译成“的(话、东西、地方、时候、样子等)；who具有疑 问意义，意思是“谁；whoever没有疑问意义，意思是“的任何人”，相当于 anybody who； which意思是哪一个；在句中作定语时用whose。【典例 1 If you swim in a river or lake

7、, be sure to investigate isbelow the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.解析：whato动词investigate后面接的是宾语从句。分析宾语从句的成分 可以发现，空格处所作的成分是主语。名词性从句中缺少主语并且指物用what 引导，此处意思是“的东西”。【典例 2 How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or r

8、elatives.解析：whOo介词on后面接宾语从句，从句中介词with后缺少宾语，应填 连接代词。根据后面的whether his friends or relatives可知应该表示和谁去, 故填who。.使用连接副词。当名词性从句中主干齐全，根据意思缺少状语时，使用连接副词。常用的有 when, where, why和how,分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。这些连接 副词既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语。典例 1 We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book aroom for him.解析：whenofind out后面接宾语从句，从

9、句中主干齐全，根据后面的we can book a room for him可知缺少时间状语，故填when。【典例 2You have to know youre going if you are to plan the bestway of getting there.解析：where0 know后面接的是宾语从句，从句中主干齐全，根据后面句 子的意思可知缺少地点状语，故填where。【典例 3 The exhibition tells us we should do something to stopair pollution.解析：whyo tell是接双宾语的动词，因此此处应填宾语从句

10、的连接词。从 句中主干齐全，根据意思可知缺少原因状语，故填why。【典例 4I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years.By working out every day.解析：how0动词wonder后接宾语从句。从句中主干齐全，根据答语中表 示方式的介词短语by的回答，可知填how。3.使用附属连词。当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，使用附属连词引导。附属连词有 that, whether和if。当从句中不缺少成分，陈述一件事实时，用that引导； 当从句中不缺少成分，有“是否”的含义时,用whether或if引导。wh

11、ether与计 在引导动词后的宾语从句时，两者一般可以互换，但在以下情况下一般只能用 whether,不用小引导主语从句并在句首时；引导表语从句时；引导从句作介 词宾语时；从句后有“or not”时；后接动词不定式时。因此，在引导名词性从句 表示“是否意思时，建议大家使用whether。【典例 1 It is often the case anything is possible for those whohang on to hope.解析：that。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面连接词引导的主语从 句。根据句意可知，后面的句子陈述的是一个事实，不缺少任何成分，故用that 引导。【

12、典例 2 The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one canbe entirely free from dust.解析：that。is后跟表语从句，表语从句中主干齐全，不缺少成分，陈述事 实,因此用that引导。典例 3 The little girl asked her father she should go to the partyor not.解析：whethero ask后接双宾语，因此空格处引导宾语从句。从句中主干 齐全，根据句意可知，本空有是否”的含义，且后面有or not,故填whether, 不能使用ifo巩固练习单句

13、语法填空As large numbers of Chinese flocked to Japan to pay thousands for toilet lids, it was a surprise to many people the smart toilet lids onsale in Japan were actually made in China.First-class players of football must have excellent ball control, but it is not just they do with their feet that coun

14、ts.Shall I go to the party if I don,t have to dress up?Of course you can, actually, it doesnt matter youre dressed.well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.I dont doubt he has the ability to deal with the situation, butthe problem can be solved quickly depends on his attitude.A new shopping C

15、entre will be built in the old fish market usedto be.Have you told your parents about your decision?Not yet. I can hardly imagine they w川 react.Dont forget it was that helped you out when you were introuble.Although he has become wealthy, Mr. Wood remains he usedto be, modest and friendly.The Peony

16、Pavilion, a play written by Tang Xianzu, is manypeople regard as the most romantic story in Chinese literature.A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude towards the new industry, also suggests a widespread concern it may be“running out of control.makes the book so extraordinary is

17、the creative imagination of the writer. 13. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell close you may be to victory.Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats I wasborn.“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea. This is mymother used to tell me,The best moment for the foo

18、tball star was he scored thewinning goal.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.The how-to-book can be of help to wants to do the job.After six hours drive, they finally reached they thought was the place they had been

19、 dreaming of.It suddenly hit him he had left his umbrella in the taxi on hisway home.Was it he said or all that he did let you down,Joan?一No, not really.That art center is used to be a factory, millions oftractors were made.My pen-friend, Peter, wrote to me, expressing the hope hewould come to Beiji

20、ng to see the 2008 Olympic Games.I still couldnt understand the machine would work, so I askedhim to explain it to me.The police finally got to was once an old temple thevillagers used as a school.“You cant choose what life you will have, “ said Tai Lihua, a deaf leading dancer, “but you can choose

21、your attitude towards life. And this isI completely agree.Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, whetherit is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general manager.If you feel tired and sick of fatty foods, that is you have to goto the hospital for a medical examination.The award should be giv

22、en to makes great contributions to thefilm industry.Jacob is always ready to offer a helping hand and thats he hasa good reputation.一What impressed the interviewers most?_he could speak three foreign languages so fluently.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out it is that he is tr

23、ying to express.I made a promise to myself this year, my first year in highschool, would be different.The notice came around two in the afternoon the meetingwould be postponed.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best.The last time we had great fun was we were v

24、isiting the WaterPark.It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxidein and out the atmosphere today.一I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.一Is that you had a few days off?答案单句语法填空thato it是形式主语，主语从句后置，从句中不缺少成分，陈述事实，故 用that引导。whato what引导主语从句，同时又在从句中作do的宾语。howo根据句意可知，你如何着装没有关系

25、，故填how引醇主语从句。Whethero根据句意可知空格处表示“是否，引导主语从句用whether, 不用ifothat； whether。I dont doubt”意为“我不怀疑”表示肯定意义，故其后用 that引导宾语从句，陈述一件事实；“但是问题是否能快速解决取决于他的态度”, 故用whether引导主语从句。whato介词in后接宾语从句，从句中used to be后缺少表语，故填whatohowo imagine后接宾语从句，从句中主干齐全，根据句意可知，缺少表 示方式的状语，故填how。whoo forget后接宾语从句，从句中使用了强调结构，强调的是主语，表 示人，故填who。

26、whato remains后接表语从句，从句中used to be后缺少表语，根据 modest and friendly可知，此处表示的样子，故填what。whato what引导表语从句，同时在从句中作regard的宾语。thato that引导同位语从句，用以解释、说明concern的内容。whato根据句子结构可知，空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语 且指事物，故填what。howo动词tell之后为宾语从句，根据意思和修饰形容词close可知，应 使用howowhere。根据pointed to the hospital可知是地点，故表语从句要用where 来引导。what。is后接表语从句，tell是后接双宾语的动词，故用what引导表语 从句，在从句中又充当tell的宾语。when。was后面是表语从句，从句中主干齐全。由句意可知表语从句表 达时间，因此使用when,意为“的时候”。thato从句位于名词后，是对名词belief的解释和说明，故该空后是引导 belief的同位语从句。从句中不缺任何句子成分，陈述事实，只能用that引导。whoevero介词to后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用whoever引导 宾语从句，相当于anyone who。whato动词reach后接宾语从句，they thought是插入语，从句中缺少 主语，故填what。th