新高考版英语高中总复习专题三《推理判断（试题练）》教与学

1、高考英语总复习PAGE PAGE 51学好一门外语很重要。专题三推理判断【方法集训】Exercise 1The more I denied my pain, the more I was praised by the adults around me“Oh, look how strong he is!” So, I kept saying “Im fine”over and over. I said it enoughperformed it enoughthat I even fooled myself. I believed that I was okay. Why was the au

2、thor praised?A.He behaved politely. B.He seemed to be confident. C.He could look after himself. D.He could handle the blow properly.答案DExercise 2“As far as a mainstream consumer product,this just isnt something anybody needs,”said Sam Biddle,who writes for G.“Were accustomed to having one thing in o

3、ur pocket to do all these things,”he added,“and the average consumer isnt gonna be able to afford another device(装置)thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”According to Sam Biddle,the smartphone-like glasses are.A.necessary for teenagersB.attractive to New YorkersC.available to people worldwideD.exp

4、ensive for average consumers答案DExercise 3As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a well-adjusted, contented life. And he has benefited fro

5、m being bilingual(双语的). The authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as.A.criticalB.casualC.positiveD.passive答案CExercise 4Many people think that listening is a passive business.It is just the opposite.Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.It is bec

6、ause they do not realize this,or because they are not willing to do the work,that most people do not listen well.Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.An essential part of listening well is the rule known as“bracketing”.Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or sett

7、ing aside of your own prejudices and desires,to experience as far as possible someone elses world from the inside,stepping into his or her shoes.Moreover,since listening well involves bracketing,it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person.Sensing this acceptance,the speaker will seem

8、 quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener.True communication is under way.The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.Most of the time we lack this energy.Even though we may feel

9、 in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well,what we are usually doing is listening selectively.Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder,as we listen,how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected i

10、n ways more satisfactory to us.Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening,or we simply refuse to listen to what we dont want to hear.It wasnt until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗

11、效的).In about a quarter of the patients I saw,surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of the psychotherapy(心理疗法),before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained.There are several reasons for this phenomenon,but chief among them,I believe,was the patients sense

12、 that he or she was being truly listened to,often for the first time in years,and for some,perhaps for the first time ever.What type of writing is the article likely to be?A.Science fiction.B.A news report.C.A medical report.D.Popular science.答案D【五年高考】A组统一命题课标卷题组Passage 1(2019课标全国,C)词数:313Before the

13、 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades.

14、 In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to

15、the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant th

16、e reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of

17、 the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业) were immedia

18、te failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.1.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A.Academic.B.Unatt

19、ractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.2.What did street sales mean to newspapers?A.They would be priced higher.B.They would disappear from cities.C.They could have more readers.D.They could regain public trust.3.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A.Local politicians.B.Common people.

20、C.Young publishers.D.Rich businessmen.4.What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A.It was a difficult process.B.It was a temporary success.C.It was a robbery of the poor.D.It was a disaster for printers.答案1.B2.C3.B4.APassage 2(2019课标全国,D)词数:329Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team

21、 of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 025 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School

22、scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side o

23、f the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the rese

24、archers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to unde

25、restimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in valuesometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分

26、) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains,” Dr. Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what theyre doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”1.What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testi

27、ng them?A.They fed them.B.They named them.C.They trained them.D.They measured them.2.How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?A.By drawing a circle.B.By touching a screen.C.By watching videos.D.By mixing two drinks.3.What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys?A.They could perfor

28、m basic addition.B.They could understand simple words.C.They could memorize numbers easily.D.They could hold their attention for long.4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.答案1.C2.B3.A4.DPassage 3(2018课标全国,D)词数:351We may think were a cul

29、ture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer on

30、es that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the devic

31、e. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smartphones, and LCD TVs entered homes

32、 in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The avera

33、ge number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption

34、and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution(解决方案)?The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one fun

35、ction, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.1.What does the author think of new devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no better than t

36、he old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.2.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.3.Which of the follow

37、ing uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.4.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.答案1.A2.D3.B4.APassage 4(2018课标全国,C)词数:368While famous foreign architects a

38、re invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese archi

39、tect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan cam

40、pus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线

41、) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attentio

42、n thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素).Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wa

43、ng believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed,”he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have

44、been developing and that are still being created,”he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,”said Wang.The study of traditions should be combi

45、ned with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.1.Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are .A.following the latest world trendB.getting international recognitionC.working harder than ever beforeD.relying on foreign architects2.Wha

46、t impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?A.Its hilly environment.B.Its large size.C.Its unique style.D.Its diverse functions.3.What made Wangs architectural design a success?A.The mixture of different shapes.B.The balance of East and West.C.The use of popular techniques.D.The harmony of

47、 old and new.4.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?A.Spread them to the world.B.Preserve them at museums.C.Teach them in universities.D.Recreate them in practice.答案1.B2.C3.D4.DPassage 5(2017课标全国,B)词数:290I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization

48、 at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground. When Iarrived, I saw

49、a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire b

50、asket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These adv

51、ertise the presence of chicks to adults;they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all!The homeowner

52、called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of allLUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.1.What is unavoidable in th

53、e authors rescue work according to paragraph 1?A.Efforts made in vain.B.Getting injured in his work.C.Feeling uncertain about his future.D.Creatures forced out of their homes.2.Why was the author called to Muttontown?A.To rescue a woman.B.To take care of a woman.C.To look at a baby owl.D.To cure a y

54、oung owl.3.What made the chick calm down?A.A new nest.B.Some food.C.A recording.D.Its parents.4.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A.Its unexpected.B.Its beautiful.C.Its humorous.D.Its discouraging.答案1.A2.C3.A4.BPassage 6(2017课标全国,B)词数:274Minutes after the last movie ended yest

55、erday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorn and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theaters 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began

56、removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building

57、. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theaters loc

58、ation(位置)was also a reason.“This used to be the center of town,”he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned

59、 because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had sh

60、own its last movie. The theater will be missed.1.In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?A.It made room for new equipment.B.It signaled the closedown of the theater.C.It was done with the help of the audience.D.It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.2.Why was The Last Picture