高考必考语法精讲精练专题二代词含解析

1、高考必考语法精讲精练语法专题二：代词代词是英语中特别重要的一类词，也是高考必考考点。2017年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试大纲附录语法项目表中对代词观察列了六项：人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词不定代词疑问代词。2015年高考全国卷第54题（完形填空）观察的是代词whoever、whatever、whichever与whenever的辨析；第63题（语法填空）观察的是its的用法；第78题（短文改错）观察的是不定代词much与many的辨析，第80题（短文改错）观察的是your与our的辨析。2016年高考全国卷第44题（完形填空）观察的是代词each，another，this与that的辨析

2、；第68题（语法填空）观察的是its的用法（给出代词it，依照题意须将其变为its）；第71题（短文改错）观察的是关系代词that与which的辨析；第79题（短文改错）观察的是our与his的辨析。2017高考全国卷第70题观察的是关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。代词种类：主格I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they人称代词宾格me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them形容词my，your，his，her，its，our，their2物主代词性名词性mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs3反身代词myself，yourse

3、lf，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves4指示代词this，that，these，those，such，some5疑问代词who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whichever，whatever6关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose，asone/some/any，each/every，none/no，many/much，few/little/afew/alittle不定代词other/another，all/both，neither/either人称代词、物主代词及反

4、身代词对应关系表：我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselveyourselvethemselvesss不定代词用法注意点：one,some与any:one能够泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于必定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。Oneshouldlearntothin

5、kofothers.Haveyouanybookmarks?No,Idonthaveanybookmarks.Ihavesomequestionstoask.some可用于疑问句中，表示希望获取必定的答复，也许表示建议，央求等。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?Couldyougivemesomemoney?3)some和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。Ihavereadthisarticleinsomemagazine.Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.some和数词连用表示“大体”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。Th

6、erearesome3,000studentsinthisschool.Doyoufeelanybettertoday?2.each和every:each重申个别，代表的数能够是两个或两个以上，而every重申整体，所指的数必定是三个或三个以上。Eachstudenthasapocketdictionary.Each(ofus)hasadictionary.Weeachhaveadictionary.Everystudenthasstrongandweakpoints.Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.3.none和no：no等于notany，作定语。non

7、e作主语或宾语，取代不能数名词，谓语用单数，取代可数名词，谓语单复数皆能够。Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?None.Noneofthestudentsare(is)afraidofdifficulties.4.other和another:1)other泛指“其他的，其他”常与其他词连用，如：theotherday,everyotherweek,someotherreason,nootherway,theother特指两者中的其他一个，复数为theothers。如：Heheldabookinonehandandh

8、isnotesintheother.Twostudentsinourclassfailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.2)another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“其别人或事”如：Idontlikethisshirt,pleaseshowmeanother(one).Thetrousersaretoolong,pleasegivemeanotherpair/someothers.Somelikefootball,whileotherslikebasketball.5.all和both,neither和eitherall表示不能数名词

9、时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.AllofthebooksarenotwritteninEnglish.NotallofthebooksarewritteninEnglish.Bothofusarenotteachers.Notbothofusareteachers.Eitherofusisateacher.IV.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点解析及训练代词考点规律解析：短文改错对代词的观察主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各样代词的误加与漏用(特别是一些易受汉语影响的结构

10、)、某些不定代词的用法(特别是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。语法填空主要涉及代词的单复数、人称代词主格、宾格以及全部格之间的变换，反身代词及不定代词的用法等。代词单句改错之真题训练：1.Davidpointedtoapathwhichithethoughtwouldprobablyleadtoavillage.2.Whenwewalkedtothecar,Billsmiledandshookhead.3.Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.TheyhavebeentoEuropemanytimes.AndIcantforgetthegoodfood

11、youcookedforI.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.6.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.7.Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.8.NowIcantwatchmuchtelevision,butafewyearsagoIllspendallthewholeweekendreadingandpreparingforit.IthinkIlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthati

12、thelpedmeunderstandwhattheworldworks.inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.12.Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake,heputtheminasecretplaceIcouldntfind.Thenheateitallbyhimself.Heneverhelpedother.IwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.AtonceIapologizeandcontrolle

13、dmeatmybesttillthedinnerstarted.Andeveryyearmoreandmorepeoplestartastampcollectionofyourown.Whatsmore,youhavetobefriendlywithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.代词单句改错之模拟训练：Herearesomelettersforyouandhe.Shelovesswimming.Itkeepsshefit.3.HerearethecatsAuntiebroughtus.Takegoodcareofit.4.Everyoneheregetsupea

14、rlierthanherdoes.snameisPetty.Heopenedmouthasiftosaysomething.Dontoselyourheart.Tryagain.TheSmithshavebeenmarried,buthavenochildrenofhisown.Itellhimeverything,forheisagoodfriendofme.Hesmiledatherandlaidherhandonhers.Whenyouareawayfromhome,youshouldlookafteryou.Ifyouhaveanyquestion,putuphand.Itsavery

15、importantthing.Youmustthinkovercarefully.Idontlikethese;pleaseshowmesomeother.Inordertocatchthethief,thepolicedidhisbest.Thisisthebookwhichyouboughtitformetenyearsago.Imverysorryaboutallthewholething.WhenIgotup,Ifoundparentswerepreparingbreakfastforme.Yes,moneyisveryimportant,butitisnotanything.Atth

16、eairport,allhisbaggagewasstolen,butsoonhegotthemback.代词单句改错之提升训练：级Shegavethebookstoyou,himandI.Whosedictionaryisthis?-Itsmy.ThisisTomscap,notyour.Ihaventbroughtthedictionarywithme.Willyoulendmeyour?Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithacousinofhers.Heistooyoungtolookafterhe.Healwayshelpsothers.Thisiswhy

17、wetrusthim.Thattookhimthreehourstofinishthehomework.Whoisthatman?-Heisateacher.Theywerebothverytired,butnoneofthemwouldstoptotakearest.级Itismewhoamgoingtohelpher.Hethinksmoreofothersthanofoneself.Wehadbetteraskthepresidenthimaboutit.ThatisexactlyallwhatIwanttotellyou.Whatshesaidisthesameasus.Theweat

18、herinsummerinBeijingishotterthanitinGuangzhou.Herunsfasterthananyoneinhisclass.Idontthinkthatpossibletomasteraforeignlanguageinashorttime.Eachofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofthosehadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.代词单句语法填空之真题训练：1.Onmyrecentvisit,I

19、heldalivelythreemontholdtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_(it)mother.2.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews._aretheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.3.Forthefirsttime,Ifeelgoodabout_(me)becauseImdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.4.Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongertheseday

20、sinindustrializedcountries.However,women,onaverage,livelonger.Ingeneral,_canexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.5.Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfrom_intheUK.6.Howwouldyoulike_ifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?7.

21、ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,but_knowsthedateforsure.8.Towarmhimself，thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainstthe_.9.Nikiisalwaysfullofideas，but_isusefultomyknowledge.10.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthan_insomelargerschool.11.Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedont

22、hesurvey,but_containedanyusefulsuggestions.12.Youcanaskanyoneforhelp._hereiswillingtolendyouahand.13.WhenshallIcall，inthemorningorafternoon?_.Illbeinallday.14.ShedlivedinLondonandManchester，butsheliked_andmovedtoCambridge.15.Susanmade_cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.16.Idappreciate_if

23、youcouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.学习札记：_参照答案及解析语法专题二：代词代词单句改错之真题训练：1.去掉it，因它与其前的关系代词which语义重复)2.head前加his，汉语可“摇头”，而英语的习惯要说shakeoneshead3.They改为We，前后辈称不一致4.I改为me，因介词此后的人称代词要用宾格5.去掉both。因both与后边的two意义重复，况且词序安排也不对6.his改为their，因前面的theSmiths指的是“史密斯夫妇”或“史密斯一家”，是复数意义7.they改为we，依照句意，主从句的主语应该

24、一致8.去掉much，因为从下文看作者现在根本就不看电视9.去掉all，因all与whole语义重复10.it改为they，因它表示thoseclasses11.去掉any，因inotherwords为固定短语，意思是“换句话说”12.them改为it，因它指代上文提到的achocolatecake13.other改为others，others泛指“其别人”14.me改为myself，expressoneself为固定结构，意为“表表示思、建议，表达思想”15.showed后加it，showed在此作及物动词，后边缺少宾语16.me改为myself，依照主语和句意，此处应用反身代词17.you

25、r改为their，主语是moreandmorepeople，故用代词their18.him改为them，因为此处要取代的是yourpupils代词单句改错之模拟训练：【参照答案】1.he改为him，因与you并列用作介词for的宾语。she改为her，因用作动词keeps的宾语。it改为them，因它指代前面的cats。4.her改为she，因此后有动词does。5.It改s为Its，its=itis/ithas，而its意为“它的”。mouth前加his，按英语习惯，此物主代词不能够少。7.去掉your，比较：loseheart意为灰心，loseonesheart意为爱上。8.his改为th

26、eir，因其前相应的名词theSmiths(史密斯夫妇)表复数。9.me改为mine，afriendof后习惯上名词性物主代词，不接人称代词的宾格形式。将herhand中的her改为his，句意为“他对她笑了笑，把他的手放在她手上”。将最后一个you改为yourself，lookafteroneself意为“自己照顾自己”。12.hand前加your，否则不合英语习惯。13.think后加it，因thinkover为及物动词。14.other改为others，指其他的一些；若指其他的一个，可用another。15.his改为their，指代前面的thepolice(它永远表复数意义)。去掉it

27、，因it与which语义重复。去掉all，因它与thewhole语义重复。18.parents前加my，否则不吻合英语习惯。anything改为everything，否则语意不通。them改为it，因baggage为不能数名词。代词单句改错之提升训练：级1.I改为me2.my改为mine3.your改为yours4.your改为yours5.hers改为theirs6.第二个he改为himself7.This改为That8.That改为The9.Who改为What10.none改为neither级1.me改为I2.oneself改为himself3.him改为himself4.What改为that或将all去掉5.us改为ours6.it改为that7.anyone后边加else8.That改为it9.Each改为None10.those改为which代词单句语法填空之真题训练：1its依照空格后的名词及前文中的alivelythreemontholdtwin可知要用形容词性物主代词。2Those/These依照句意：没信息就是好信息，好信息就是没信息。对于一些晚间播报和早报来说，这是(那是)经典法规。指代前面的两句话。3myself依照句意：第一次，我因为自己