考试相关0327基本语法

1、表4-26W和1H的提问方式疑问词意思用法例句who谁问身份，姓名Who is he ? He is our captain , LiLeiwhom谁问身份，姓名 (问宾语）Whom can you ask the question?I can ask him the question.what什么问人的职业或事物是什么What is he? He is a pilot. What does he have? He has a book. which哪一个问一定范围内特指的人或物Which box is yours? The big box is mine. whose谁的问所属关系Whose

2、 Operational Manual is this?This is Mr. Lis Operational Manual.what color什么颜色问颜色（表语）What color is your aircraft? My aircraft is white. What time几点问点时间What time will you have a debrief ?At 4:00pm. when什么时候问时间When are you going to fly? On May 1st.where什么地方问地点Where was the parking place? No. 4 apron. w

3、hy为什么问原因Why is the flight delayed? Because of the Traffic control.how怎样问健康状况、做事的方式等How are you ? I am fine.How do you go home? By bike.how old多少岁问年龄How old is the captain? He is forty. how many多少跟复数名词，问数量How many passengers are there in the aircraft?There are thirty passengers inthe aircraft.how muc

4、h多少跟不可数名词问数量或价钱How much fuel is there in the fuel tank?There is 20-ton fuel in the tank.how far多远问路程或距离的远近How far is it from here?Its five kilometers away from here. how soon多久问in+一段时间How soon can he finish it?In an hour.how long多久问一段时间或问物体的长短How long has he been a captain? For a year.How long is th

5、e runway? It is 1200 meters.how often多久（一次）问频率How often do you have a flight？ Once a week.英语中的五种基本句型结构一、句型1： Subject (主语) Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。2) The acc

6、ident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。3）We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2：Subject (主语) Link. V(系动词) Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。2) He looked worried just

7、 now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。3) Im a captain.(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。三、句型3：Subject(主语) Verb (谓语) Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或

8、从句等来充当。例：1) He took his bag and left.（名词） 他拿着书包离开了。2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。4) I dont know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。5) I have flown Boeing737 for ten years.注意：英语中的许多动词既是及

9、物动词，又是不及物动词。四、句型4： Subject(主语)Verb(谓语) Indirect object(间接宾语)Direct object (直接宾语)这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthda

10、y present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.3) I will report our intention to the ATC.老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。 上述句子还可以表达为：1）Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.2）The old man always tells stories about the heroe

11、s to the children in the Long March.五、句型5： Subject(主语)Verb (动词)Object (宾语)Complement(补语)这种句型中的“宾语 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：1）You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（形容词）2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。3) His fath

12、er told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。4) The captain should ensure the flight comfortable and on time. 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。1) The captain asks the copilot to do the relevantchicklist.英语中常见的疑问句型1) 一般疑问句Is he a pilot?Do you know the

13、 way to the gate 3?2)反意疑问句He is a teacher, isnt he?It is quite cheap, dont you think?3) 特殊疑问句What is the distance/width/size/population/temperature/fare?Who is he?What is he?(干什么的）What does he like?What ever do you mean by saying this?4)选择疑问句He is a doctor or a nurse?Do you like your hometown or the

14、 city youre living in now?5)间接疑问句Do you know how old he is?Tell me if (whether) you like it.What do you think/say/suppose I should do?常用句型及词汇：there beit is important/hard/difficult(for sb.)to dosothatFor example, and so onfor sb.in my opinion/I think thatAs far as I am concerned, Try to/manage to/tr

15、y ones bestfrom to I should/must follow/finish/considerThat sounds good.That depends. IfLearnfromSolve the problemCauseAvoidExperienceBriefing, preflight preparationAircraft description动词：report, request, contact, tell, check, follow, maintain, keep, communicate, confirm, discuss, decide, encounter, cause, avoidSee, look, watch, notice, observe, listen to, hear, feel, taste, smellLikedislike,Put, put on the oxygen mask, put out the fire inMake, make decision, make a choice, make sure, make a mistake, make f