雅思小作文笔记(个人内容)

1、优选文档优选文档PAGEPAGE14优选文档PAGE文章结构：Introduction,1-2sentences,rewritethequestionBody1,1+Xsentences,第一句整体概括，X句详尽介绍数字Body2,1+Xsentences,第一句整体概括，X句详尽介绍数字Conclusion,1-2sentences,第一句介绍总数（可不写）；第二句做总结。开头段：1-2句，转述原题转述原题3法：增加单词删除单词代替单词（注意：改动不需过多，3-4处，即可）原题一句变两句，两句变一句。全部改写，要保证语法、句型的正确性。开头段的时态：永远一般现在时【原文】Thetablesh

2、owstheresultsofasurveyin2004whichaskedundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentsofaUKuniversitywhethertheyweresatisfiedwiththefacilitiesattheuniversity.【改写】Thediagramgivesabreakdown（明细表）aboutdifferentattitudesamongundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentstowardsequipmentsofaUKcollegeintheyear2004.【原文】Thechartb

3、elowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationsinAmericaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.改后：Thebarchartillustratesthediverselevelsofpost-schoolcertificatesintheUSandthepercentageofmalesandfemalesholdingthemin1999.Levelout(变得水平；持平)Example:In1985,earningsleveledoutamongstpeoplewit

4、haMastersdegreeandwithaDoctoraldegree.句型、词汇、短语：Asshowninthefirst/second.,Accordingtothe.,Overall,itcanbeseenthatThistableshowsastrikingdifference/similaritybetweenThemoststrikingfeatureofthegraphisthesuddenincreaseinthepopularityinthecomputergames.Anotherfactworthnoticinginthegraphisthat.后边接完满的句子若是要

5、跟名不加thatAnotherfactworthnoticinginthegraphisthehighcostoffuels.Themostremarkablepointisthat.Thegraphshowsthedifferencebetweenthepercentages注意用复数ofmalesandfemalesdoingfull-timejobs.在表示百分数时能够用percent或percentagepercentage的一个意思就是百分比(名词)就不能够直接跟在数词后边,要表示百分之36时,只能说aPERCENTAGEof36而不是36PERCENTAGE(因为percentag

6、e只能作名词);前者用法是:数词+percent+of+sth;这时后边谓语的单复数以percent后边跟的主语为主,比方:2percentoftheapples(这里是复数的可数名词)are(所以用复数)eaten.2percentoftheapple(这里是单数,指的是一个苹果的一部分)is(用单数)eaten.2percentofthewater(这里是不能数名词)is(单数)drunk.后者的用法是Thepercentageof+sth+is,1.Thepercentageofthestudentsis46.2.Thepercentageofthewateris46.注意这里无论后边跟

7、的是什么词,都用is(这里忽略其他时态)Thesizeofthepopulationwillincreaseshaplyinthefuture.75.6percentofthemalepopulationoversixteen.16以上男性人群的75.6.Asmall/largeproportionofstudentsare.InBritainpeoplespentthesmallestamountofmoneyonpersonal+sth.大量alarge/considerable/substantialnumberof可数alarge/considerable/substantialamo

8、untof不能数少量asmall/limited/tinynumberofafewofasmall/limited/tinyamountofalittleofLotsof/alotof/plentyof即可用于可数也可用于不能数去一段内的情况化，用去式。Theamountofenergyconsumedbyindustrydoulbedduringthelastdecadeofthetwentiethcentury.Theshareofglobalresourcesconsumedbypoorestcountrieswentdownduringthatperiod.Aisonlymargina

9、llygreaterthanthatofB.Doubletriplen,adj,vi,vtTherewasasubstantialdeclineintheHousingprisesintheUKfellconsistentlyfrom2010to2012.After2007,thehousingpricesintheUKfellconsistentlyinthefollowingtwoyears,bottomingatInthefollowingyear表达的小.attheendofthisperiod.区表达：Theperiodbetween10oclock/1991and12oclock/

10、2000.Then,from1910to1998,itremainedstable.Then,inthenext20years/20hours,thenumberof/thequantityof.Overthisspanof28years.Duringthe28-yearperiodFromthispoint/2000onwards用于有志性点的接Thegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1991and2001.betweenandinMarch,2002=inthemonthofMarch,2002afterpeak

11、ingat90millionthefollowingyear,第二年达到了峰，防备再用重复figureby2000.Thisrisewasparticularlynoticeablebetween1999and2000,duringwhichtimetheuseofOverthefollowingthree/twoyearsdaysmonthsthesecategoryhadfallenbacktothe1995.tripled.Remain分remainedremainingremainder节余物节余部分In1980Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricity

12、source(50units),andtheremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower(eachproducing20units)andoil(whichproducedonly10units).Theremaining40unitswereproducedlargelyfromoilandnuclearpower,+from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/between(第一时间)and(第二时间)比较链接词：Bycontrastsimilarlyincomparison以上句子比，句内比while/whereasEuropehadasmucha

13、s9.8%ofdegradationduetodeforestation,while/whereastheimpactofthisonsignificant.wasminimal/wasless连接词：atfirst=initialy,then,afterthat,fromthispointonwards,finally=eventually,subsequently,afterwardsMorespecifically=moreprecisely时态和语法：B1P243Teacherpayremainedthebiggerscost,reaching50%oftotalspendingin1

14、991andendingat15%in2001.在分述化Thepopulationwhoowncomputers有些名能够用在分修，有些不能constituted/represented20%ofthetotalin2001.没有出详尽年代明描述的是一般情况，用一般在。Standsat,stoodat出详尽年代的数据，去的用去，将来的用将来。Will+原形:willcontinuetoriseinthenexttwodecades.Aisexpectedtocontinue,reaching40tonnesin2030.Thisrisingtrendisexpectedtocontinue,r

15、eaching40tonnesin2030.Constant恒定的；不的；constantly不断的常的Consistentconsistently始如一的；整理：sawanupwardtrend/witnessedadownwardtrendsawanoppositetrend上升：下降：波：increasedto20%reached4000/thehighestpointin1980soar/soaredtorocketedtofellconsistentlyfrom2001to2010droppedswiftlytoplummetedtoremainedstable/constant一个

16、是定一个是不注意区remainedrelativelystableReachedaplateauat.Fluctuatedbetween25hoursand35hourssteadysteadily一adj一副期：描述将来的化Amoredramaticriseispredictedbetweem2020and2025.Thefigureisexpectedtoreach23%by2020.Theproportionof.inallthreecategoriesisexpectedtoincreasetoalmost25%.第一用is，因是一个数字第二expected/projected/pre

17、dicted后要有to，to后用原形超：surpassovertakeThegrowthrateofisexpectedtosurpassthatofby2030.倍数：istwiceasmanyasisthreetimesasmany/muchasdoubledtripledthegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof.该图表表示.的数量增加了三倍。明比：beinmarkedcontrastwithThisisinmarkedcontrastwith1990when60%ofthosewhoheldanundergraduatediplomawer

18、emen.Thisnewtrendisinmarkedcontrastwiththetrenditexperiencedinthe1980s.Whereas而while/whilst而同前者比更加烈Line:变化趋势+明显的结论，结论能够在第二段第三段，但要给结尾留内容。描述重点：起点点；最高最低；化：上升下降的订交化的急例：B1P226239/242J9p168(将来化)/J6p30J8T4：J5P30/163句型：Justunder,justover,increase/declinerepidly,experienceaslightgrowth/asharprise两个都做名increas

19、edmoreslowly用于开描述起点：多用with.不适合用with的地方用standat/stoodat一般后者Petrolandoilarethedominantfuelsourcesthroughoutthis25-yearperiod,with35unitsusedin1980,去分表被和去，risingto45untisin2012.在分表主和在In1979beefwasbyfarthemostpopularofthesefoods,withabout225gramsconsumedperpersonperweek.Carsremainedtopamongthemodesinthe

20、15years,withitsaveragemilesincreasingconsiderablyfrom3,199in1985to4,806in2000.In1940theproportionofpeopleaged65ormorestoodatonly50%inJapan,approximately7%inSwedenand9%intheUSA.用于描述折，有：Theamountofgoodstransportedbywaterwasconstant(adj.)at40milliontonnesfrom1974to1978,andthenitshowedasubstantialgrowth

21、,risingtoalmost60milliontonnesafterwhichitplateauedforabout20yearsbeforestartingtorise/declinegraduallyagain.用于描述折，有小的、不易描述的波：The.of.hasbeenrisensteadilyoverthe20yearperiodwhilethe.hasbeenindeclineoverthesameperiodwithaslightincreaseinpopularitysince1985.Inspiteofsomefluctuationsintheexpectedpercent

22、ages,theproportionofolderpeoplewillcontinuetoriseinthenexttwodecades.描述，超某一量：Theconsumptionofchicken,ontheotherhand,shownedan/aupward/downwardtrend,overtakingthatoflambin1980andthatofbeefin1993.By2004ithadsoaredtoalmost250gramsperpersonperweek.Thepriceremained/wasconstantduringthenext20years.量很小：Wat

23、erusedintheindustrialanddomesticsectorsalsoincreased,buttheamount/consumptionwasminimaluntil1991.将来的数字的：Aisexpected/projected/predictedtoreachAisprojectedtomorethandoubledby2015.Theproportionofelderlypeopleinallthreecountriesisexpectedtoincreasetoalmost20%in2020.Inspiteofsomefluctuationsintheexpecte

24、dpercentages,theproportionofolderpeoplewillcontinue（will后接原形，构成一般将来）toriseinthenexttwodecades.描述两条很周边的：AandBaresimilarovertheperiod.From20and15respectivelyin1980,Ashowedaninitialfall,Bshowedagradualincrease,theywereequalbetween1985and1990.Aispredictedtoincreasesteadilyto30in2018,whereasafter2014,Bwi

25、llremainstableat50.一条上或下降伍回到原点：After/somefluctuations/aslightincrease/adecline/,Ahadfallenbacktothe1980figure.Itisexpectedtomaintainthisleveluntil2030,whiletheotherswillriseslightlyafter2025.J9范文第三段：Table:描述重点：的化（增加、减少）或大幅增加大幅减少不同样目数字的大小介不同样数字写和数的关系Howerver,atthesametime,thepercentageofstudentpopula

26、tionwhocamefromabroadremainedalmostunchangedbetween1928and1985,being5%and6%repectively,butrosemarkedlyafterthat,sothatby2008foreignstudentsrepresented20%ofthetotal.例题1：J6T1重点准备:用于描述项目不多的题目，会配合其他图形出题！三个项目写了三句话！Thetableillustratesthedifferencesinagricultureconsumption(一个名词)insomeareasoftheworldbycontr

27、astingtheamountofirrigatedlandinBrazil(26.300km)withthatintheUK().ThismeansthatahugeamountofwaterisusedinagricultureinBrazil,andthisisreflectedinthefigureforwaterconsumptionperperson:356mcomparedwithonly8mintheCongo.Withapopulationof176million,thefiguresforBrazilindicatehowhighagriculturalwaterconsu

28、mptioncanbeinsomecountries.例题2：ThetablebelowshowstheproportionofdifferentcategoriesoffamilieslivinginpovertyinAustraliain1999.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.FamilytypeProportionofpeoplefromeachhouseholdtypelivinginpovertySingleagedperson

29、6%(54,000)Agedcouple4%(48,000)Single,nochildren19%(359,000)Couple,nochildren7%(211,000)Soleparent21%(232,000)Couplewithchildren12%(933,000)Allhouseholds11%(1,837,000)红色为出题故意调整选项，为一类！：comprisevt成Togethertheycompriseyourcharacter.它一起构成你的性格。becomprisedof由成consistvi.Consistofcomprisingalmost2millionpeop

30、lewhowerelivinginoverallthetablesuggeststhat.weremorelikelytobelivinginpovertythanthose.例题3：J6T2范文：表格有很多项需要做比较的，分类比较！ThetabledemonstrateshowdifferentmodesoftravelchangedinEnglandin15yearsspanningfrom1985to2000.题目改写Ingeneral,themodesareclassifiedintotwokindsintermsofaveragemilestravelledperpersonpery

31、ear:oneenjoyedrisingpopularitywhiletheotherdecreasing.Thetravelmodeswhichgainedpopularityintheperiodincludedcar,longdistancebus,train,taxiandother.Carremainedtopamongthesemodesinthe15-yearperiod,withitsaveragemilesincreasingconsiderablyfrom3,199in1985to4,806in2000.Longdistancebusandtaxiseemedtobewar

32、mlywelcomedbytravelers,soaveragemilestravelledinthistwomodesalmosttripled.Travelsbywalking,bicycleandlocalbuslosttravelersfavoroneintheandahalfdecade.Averagetravellingdistancebylocalbusessufferedthebiggestdecrease,droppingfrom429to274,whilethenumberofmilesbywalkingandbikefellslightlyfrom255to237andf

33、rom51to41respectively.Overall,thenumberofmilestravelledbytheaverageperpersonperyearrosefrom4,740milesin1985to6,475milesin2000,withtheincreaseofcaraccountingforalmostallofthatincrease.例题4：J5T4Thetablebelowgivesinformationaboutundergroundrailwaysystemsinsixcities.范文1：比较项目之间的差异Thetabledemonstratestheda

34、taregardingthesubwaysysteminsixcities,includingDateopened,kilometersofrouteandpassengersperyear(inmillions).IntermsofDateopened,Londonhasthemosttime-honored(1863)subwaysystemamongthesixcitieswhilesubwaysysteminLosAngelesisthenewestoneopenedin2001.（最老，最新）SystemsinParisandTokyowereopenedin1900and1927,

35、respectively.时间序次Afterthat,systemsinWashingtonDCandKyotowereopenedin1976and1981differently.Asforthesize/lengthoftherailwaysystem,Londonstillranksthefirst,meaningithasthelongestsubwaysystem(384kilometers)amongthesixcities,whichisroughlytwiceaslarge/longasthesysteminParis.（最长）Bycontrast,subwaysystemin

36、Kyotoisshorter(11kilometers)thantheotherseventhoughtitopenedinrelativelyrecentyear.（最短）ThekilometersofrouteinTokyo,WashingtonDCandLosAngelesare155,126and28differently.排长长Thethirdpartispassengersperyearinmillions.Moreprecisely,thetopthreeareTokyo(1927),Paris(1191)andLondon(775).Undergroundrailwaysyst

37、eminWashingtonDChass144millionspassengersperyear.SystemsinLosAngelessandKyotoscfewerpassengersperyear(50and45,respectively).Thus,itcanbeclearlyseenfromthetablethatthesubwaysystemsinTokyoandParisservesformorepassengerswhereasthesystemsinLosAngelesandKyotocarryfewerpassengersmainlybecauseoftheshortrou

38、te.范文2：First,thesubwaysystemsinthesixcitieswereopenedintimesequencewithLondonbeingtheearliest(in1863)andLosAngelesthelatest(in2001).Theundergroundrailwaysystemhadtheirprimetimeinthe20thcentury,whichsawtheconstructionof4undergroundrailwaysystemsrespectivelyinParis(1900),inTokyo(1927),inWashingtonDC(1

39、976),andinLosAngeles(1981).Second,seenfromLondontoLosAngeles,whichhappenedtobeinchronologicalorderofsubwayconstruction,theabove-mentionedsixcitiesroughlyrevealedatrendofsharpdecreaseinthelengthofthesubwayroute.LondonrankedNo.1inthisrespect,withalengthof394km;Pariscamenextwith199km;TokyowasNo.3with15

40、5km;WashingtonDCrankedNo.4with126km.KyotoandLosAngeleswerethemostinteresting,withmerely11kmand28kmrespectively,nothingcomparablewiththetop4cities.Third,weseesomereallyunexpectedfiguresaboutthenumberofpassengerstransportedbythesubwaysysteminthesesixcities.Tokyotooktheleadwith1.927billion;Pariscamenex

41、twith1.191billion;LondonwasNo.3with775million;WashingtonDCwasNo.4with144million.LosAngelesandKyotohad50millionand45millionrespectively.Therefore,wecanseethebigdifferenceascomparedwithothercities.Overall,thesixcitiesrevealedgreatdifferencesinthehistoryofsubwayconstruction,thelengthofsubwaylinesandthe

42、yearlypassengertransportationcapability.例题5：Thetableabovecomparesthepercentageofnationalconsumerexpenditurebydifferentcategoriesin2002.Ascanbeseenclearly,consumersspendingonFood/Drinks/Tobaccoaccountedforthelargestpercentageinallfivecountrieslistedinthechart.ThisfigurewashighestintheTurkeyat32.14%,f

43、ollowedby28.91%inIreland,18.8%inSpain,16.36%inItalyand15.77%inSweden.IntermsofClothing/Footwear,consumersinItalyspentthemostonthisitemat9%.Thisfigurewasapproximately2.5%higherthantheamountsspentinTurkey,SpainandIreland,and3.6%higherthanthatspentinSweden.比较数字之间的大小Thatlastconsumeritemincludedinthechar

44、tisLeisure/Education.Thelargestamountof4.35%spentonthisiteminTurkeywasmorethantwiceashighastheamountspentinSpain,whichhadthelowestfigure.Barchart:审题重点：柱子之间的变化：增加减少颠簸种类之间的差异：同类不同样类练习：J7T3J9T2句型和词汇：第一段能够交代改按什么型分：Thebarchartshowstheamountofmoneyexpendedonfastfoodsaccordingtothreedifferentincomegroups.w

45、ecanseeimmediatelythatthereweresubstantialdifferencesintheproportionofmenandwomenatdifferentlevels.Themarriageratewasconsistentlyhigherthanthedivorcerateoverthethirty-yearperiod.例题1：两个柱子准时间年代种类比较J6T4B1237Moreprecisely,thenumberofmarriagesstoodat2.5millionwhilstthenumberofdivorceswas1million.Thesecon

46、dbarchartshowsthatmarriedpeopleaccountedforthegreatestproportionoftheadultamericanpopulationinboth1970and2000(70%and59%,respectively).Asforothercategories,thepercentageofwhowerenevermarriedwas17%in1978and20%in2000.Representedconstitutedamountedto例题:2B1247Averageincomeconsumersalsofavoured.,spengding

47、33penceperpersonperweek,followedbyfishandchipsat24pence,thenpizzaat11pence.Abeingatthattimetheleastpopularfastfood.那个最不受迎的快餐The.of.hasbeenrisensteadilyoverthe20yearperiodwhilethe.hasbeenindeclineoverthesameperiodwithaslightincreaseinpopularitysince1985.Aarethemostpopularfastfoodinthehighandaveragein

48、comegroups(45and56perpersonperweak,respectively).Whilefishandchipsaretheleastpopularfoodforthosewithahighincome修后置(17.),buttheyarethemostpopularfoodwiththoseinthelowincomegroups(19.).OutlinesthegeneralpatternsofFromjustunder100grammesin1970,peopleinBritainateover/almost5timesthisamountofby1990.Twice

49、/3/4/5timethenumber/amountof.by2000.到了多少年是多少倍Butnotsodramatic=butlesssignificant例题3：三个柱子准时间年代比较增的car减少的bus波的traintubeThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.目ThebargraphshowshowthefourcommutingpatternschangedinacertainEuropeancityint

50、heyears1960,1980and2000.Thenumberofpeopleusingtrainsatfirstrosefromjustunder20%in1960toabout26%in1980,butthenfellbacktoabout23%in2000.Useofthetubewasrelativelystable,fallingfromaround27%ofcommutersin1960to22%in1980,butclimbingbacktoreach25%by2000.Ontheotherhand,theuseofcarsincreasedsteadilyfromjusto

51、ver5%in1960to23%in1980,reachingalmost40%by2000,whereasthepopularityofbuseshasdeclinedsince1960,fallingfromjustunder35%in1960to27%in1980andonly15%in2000.Thegraphindicatesthegrowinguseofcarsforcommutingtoworkbetween1960-2000,andthecontinueddeclineinthepopularityofbusesfrombeingthemostpopularmodeoftransportin1960totheleastpopularin2000.例4：两个柱子按比J4T3B1221低学（skilledvocationaldiploma）女低于男中学（undergraduatediploma,Bachelorsdegree）女高于男，而且Bachelorsdegree的两者数基实情等。高学（postgraduatediploma,mastersdegree）女低于男where90%ofthosewhohelda